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^03 ^ 



PHILADELPHIA AS IT LS, 



IN 18 5 2: 



A CORRECT GUIDE 

TO 

ALL THE PUBLIC BUILDINGS; LITERARY, SCIENTIFIC; AND 
BENEVOLENT INSTITUTIONS ; 



PLACES OF AMUSEMENT: 

KKMARKABLE objects; MANUFACTORIES; COMMERCIAL WAREHOUSES ; 
AXD WHOLESALE AND RETAIL STORES IN PHILADELPHIA 
AND ITS VICINITY. 



UHtli SlhistratintiB, 



A MAP OF THE CITY AND ENVIRONS. 



BY R. A. SMITH. 




P H I L A D e'^L> H I a : 

LINDSAY AND BLAKISTON. 

1852. 



-% 



1-1 



5"% 



* vj io 



Entered, according to Act of Congress, in the year 1862, 

BY R. A. SMITH, 

In the Clerk's Office of the District Court for the Eastern District of Pennsylvani.- 



C. SHKRMAN, PRINTKK, 

19 St. James Street. 



PUBLISHERS' NOTICE. 



The Subscribers, in offering to the public this work, 
would recommend it to their patronage from its intrinsic 
value as a complete guide for strangers and others to all 
places of interest and attraction in the city, as well as 
an advertising medium of rare advantage — the benefits 
of which are incalculable, except to those who have paid 
attention to the '' Philosophy of Advertising," and found 
the rich harvest gathered from the many seeds sown in 
this way ; while others, from being '"^ penny wise and 
pound foolish," have found, alas, when too late, the 
fatal error they have fallen into by saying that "no- 
body reads advertisements." This remark may apply 
to some works, but certainly not to this, in which the 
attractive qualities of their offices and merchandise are 
served up in so peculiar and inviting a form. 



IV PUBLISHERS NOTICE. 

This work will be published annually, with additions 

and improvements, embracing descriptions of private 

mansions, country-seats, &c., &c., in the vicinity of 

Philadelphia, with an account of the principal events 

of the previous year, making it in fact "Philadelphia 

AS IT IS," in each and every year. 

Lindsay & Blakiston, 

Publishers. 
March 1, 1852. 



ILLUSTRATIONS. 



Map of the City of Philadelphia and Environs. 

Girard College, ...... Frontispiece. 

Illuminated Title Page (by Sinclair). 

State House, or Independence Hall, . . . Page 22 

Lindsay and Blakiston's New Store, Sixth Street, . 24 

The Old State House Bell, ..... 29 

United States Custom House, .... 33 

Commissioners' Hall, Spring Garden, . . . .39 

Fairmount Water- Works, ..... 47 

United States Mint, ...... 65 

Jenkins and Co., Tea Warehouse, Ninth and Market Streets, 68 

Chestnut Street Theatre, ..... 73 

Fairhill Steam Cordage Factory, . . . .78 

Musical Fund Hall, ...... 81 

Merchants' Exchange, East view, . . ■ .89 

Merchants' Exchange, North view, ... 93 

Bank of North America, . . . . .97 

Reed, Brothers and Co., Clothing Warehouse, Market Street, 98 

Bank of Pennsylvania, ..... 99 

Philadelphia Bank, ..... 101 

1 



VI ILLUSTRATIONS. 

PAGE 

Girard Bank, . . . . . . 103 

Philadelphia Savings Fund Building, 66 Walnut Street, . 106 

Penn Building, Third and Dock Streets, . . . 109 

Vandyke Building, Third and Chestnut Streets, . .113 

University of Pennsylvania, • . . . 115 

Central High School, . . . . . ,135 

Levering & Co.'s Steam Sugar Refinery, Church Alley, . 138 

Jacob Reed's Wholesale Clothing Warehouse, Fifth and Market 
Streets, ....... 142 

Goldsmiths' Hall, Library Street, .... 144 

R. Lindsay & Co., Bookstore, Fourth and Chestnut Streets, 148 

Philadelphia Academy of the Visitation, . . .149 

Pascal Iron Works, . . . . . . 155 

Medical Department of the University of Pennsylvania, . 159 

Jefferson Medical College, ..... 163 

Pennsylvania College, . . . . . .169 

Philadelphia College, . . . . . 173 

Homoeopathic Medical College, . . . . .177 

Bennett & Co., Wholesale Clothing House, . . 182 

Stokes & Buzby, Wholesale Clothing House, . . . 186 

Adams' Patent Steam Power Press, . .' . 192 

Philadelphia Library, . . . . . .194 

The Atheneeum, ...... 199 

Academy of Natural Sciences, ..... 203 

The Mercantile Library, . . . . . 211 

Mason's Blacking and Ink Warehouse, . . .218 

M'Curdy & Son, Boot and Shoe Warehouse. . . 220 

M'Allister's Compound Microscope, .... 228 

Spring Garden Institute, ..... 227 

Hacker's China Warehouse, ..... 234 

Kent, Santee & Co., Dry Goods Establishment, . . 240 



ILLUSTRATIONS. Vll 



PAGE 



Pennsylvania Hospital, ...... 250 

Statue of William Penn, ..... 252 

Institution for the Deaf and Dumb, .... 258 

Institution for the Blind, . . . . . 260 

Wills' Hospital, ....... 263 

Preston Retreat, ...... 269 

Penn's Treaty with the Indians, .... 278 

Christ Church, ...... 283 

St. Mark's Church, . . . . . .288 

Seventh, or Penn Square Presbyterian Church, . . 295 
Cathedral of St. Peter and St. Paul, . . . .302 

Spruce Street Baptist Church, . . . . 310 

Trinity Methodist Church, . . . . .316 

St. Mark's Lutheran Church, . . . . 318 

Second Dutch Reformed Church, .... 320 

Unitarian Church, ...... 322 

Third Hebrew Synagogue, ..... 323 

Odd Fellows' Hall, Sixth Street, .... 328 

Baird's Marble Works, . . . . . .332 

Front of Laurel Hill Cemetery, .... 333 

Thorn's Celebrated Group, at Laurel Hill, . . . 335 

General Hugh Mercer's Tomb, at Laurel Hill, . . 339 

John Cook's Monument, at Laurel Hill, . . . 341 

Stephen Decatur Lavalette, U. S. N., Tomb at Laurel Hill, 343 

Maple's Marble Works, . ..... 350 

The Coleman Monument, . . . . . 351 

Philadelphia Steam Marble Works, .... 354 

Odd Fellows' Cemetery, ..... 355 

Monument Cemetery, . ..... 359 

More & Gallagher's Iron Foundry, . . . 360 

Frontispiece to the Woodland Cemetery, . . . 361 



Vlll ILLUSTRATIONS. 

PAGE 

Tomb in the French Style, ..... 363 

Port Richmond Iron Foundry, ..... 365 

Saurman & Co.'s Steam Model Works, . . . 368 

Fritz, Williams & Hendry, Leather and Morocco Warehouse, . 372 
Charles Ellis & Co., Drug Warehouse, . . . 374 

Horstmann & Son's Lace and Military Goods Establishment, . 376 
King & Baird's Printing Office, .... 380 

The Eastern Penitentary, ..... 381 

County Prison, ...... 387 

Moran & Sickels' Printing Office, . . . .391 

Market Street Railroad Bridge, .... •415 

The Girard House, . . . . . . . 419 

The Penn Cottage, ...... 425 

The Slate-Roof House, . . . . . .427 

Carpenters' Hall, ...... 431 

Farquhar Building, ...... 435 



CONTENTS. 



PAGE 

A Word to the Reader, . . . . . .13 

A Talk about the Past and Present History of the City, . 14 
Location and General Description, . , . .16 

CHAPTER I. 

public buildings. 

The State House. United States Custom House. Custom House 
Stores. United States Storekeeper's Office. United States 
Inspectors of Customs, and Tidewaiters. Wardens of the Port. 
Harbour Master. City Tobacco Warehouse. United States 
Arsenal, on the Schuylkill. United States Arsenal, near Frank- 
ford. State Arsenal. Commissioners' Hall — Southwark, Moya- 
mensing, Kensington, Northern Liberties, Richmond, Spring 
Garden. Markets — High Street Market, South Second Street 
Market, North Second Street Market, Callowhill Street Mar- 
ket, Shippen Street Market, Maiden Street Market, Spring 
Garden Market, Girard Market, Moyamensing Market, Frank- 
lin Market, Eleventh Street Market. Wholesale Provision 
Trade. Water-Works — The Fairmount Water- Works, Spring 
Garden and Northern Liberties Water-Works. Gas-Works — 
Philadelphia Gas-Works, Spring Garden Gas-Works, Northern 
Liberties Gas-Works. The Navy Yard. The United States 
Dry Dock. United States Mint. Philadelphia Post-Office. 
Blood's Despatch Post, . . . . . .23 

CHAPTER XL 

places of amusement^ 

Chestnut Street Theatre. Walnut Street Theatre. Arch Street 
Theatre. Swaim's Building. Sansom Street Hall. Welch's 
National Theatre and Circus. The Philadelphia Museum Build- 

1^ 



CONTENTS. 



ing. The Franklin Hall. The Masonic Hall. The Spring 
Garden Hall. Fotterall Hall. Musical Fund Hall. Public 
Squares — Independence Square, Washington Square, Franklin 
Square, The Penn Squares, Rittenhouse Square, Fairhill 
Square, Norris's Square, . . . . .73 



CHAPTER III. 

C O M M E 11 C I A L INSTITUTIONS. 

The Merchants' Exchange. Philadelphia Board of Trade. Banks 
— Bank of North America, Farmers' and Mechanics' Bank, the 
Bank of Pennsylvania, the Mechanics' Bank, the Philadelphia 
Bank, the Western Bank, the Girard Bank, the Bank of the 
Northern Liberties, Commercial Bank, Bank of Commerce, 
Bank of Penn Township, Southwark Bank, Manufacturers' 
Bank, Kensington Bank, Tradesmen's Bank, State Bank of 
New Jersey, at Camden (Branch in Philadelphia.) Western 
Savings Bank, Western Savings Association, Philadelphia In- 
surance Company's Equitable Insurance Company, Pennsylva- 
nia Insurance Company, Union Mutual Insurance Company, 
Delaware Mutual Insurance Company, The Girard Life Insu- 
rance Company, The Penn Mutual Life Insurance Company, 
The United States Life Insurance, Annuity, and Trust Com- 
pany, . . . . . . . .91 



CHAPTER IV. 

EDUCATION. 

The University of Pennsylvania. Girard College. Public Schools 
—The Central High School, The Normal School. The Control- 
lers and Directors of the Public Schools. Locust Street 
School, Zane Street School, Lombard Street School, North- 
eastern School, Northwestern School, Southeastern School, 
Southwestern School, Madison School, Jefferson School, Mount 
Vernon School, Weccacoe School, Monroe School, Hancock 
School, Livingston School, West Philadelphia School, Ringgold 
School, Norris School, Harrison School. The Philadelphia 
Society for the Establishment and Support of Charity Schools. 
Houses of Refuge. Academy of the Protestant Episcopal 
Church. Theological Seminary of St. Charles Borromeo, 
Philadelphia Academy of the Visitation. Society for the In- 
stitution and Support of First-day or Sunday Schools. Robert 
Raikes Union Sunday School. The Howard Suiidny School. 



CONTENTS. xi 

The Aimwell School Society. Episcopal and Roman Catholic 
Parish Schools, The Presbyterian Institute. The Aclelphia 
School. Free School for Coloured Children, . . .115 



CHAPTER V. 

MEDICAL COLLEGES. 

Medical Department of the University of Pennsylvania. Jeffer- 
son Medical College. The Medical Institute. Pennsylvania 
College. The Philadelphia College of Medicine. The Phila- 
delphia Association for Medical Instruction. Homoeopathic 
Medical College. The Female Medical College of Pennsylvania. 
Eclectic Medical College of Pennsylvania. The Philadelphia 
College of Pharmacy, . . . . . .157 



CHAPTER VI. 

LITEllARY AND SCIENTIFIC INSTITUTIONS. 

American Philosophical Society. The Philadelphia Library 
Company. Loganian Library. The Athenreum. The His- 
torical Society of Pennsylvania. The Academy of Natural 
Sciences. The Mercantile Library. The Franklin Institute. 
Library of the Law Association of Philadelphia. The College 
of Physicians. The Library of the German Society. The 
Library of the University of Pennsylvania. The Library of 
the Pennsylvania Hospital. The Apprentices' Library. The 
Friends' Library. Spring Garden Institute. Southwark Li- 
brary. Northern Liberties Franklin Library. Jefferson 
Library and Literary Association. The Reading-Room Asso- 
ciation of Spring Garden. School of Design for Women. The 
Fine Arts — Pennsylvania Academy of Fine Arts, The Art 
Union of Philadelphia, The Graphic Association of Philadel- 
phia, The Artists' Fund Association. The Press — Daily 
Morning Newspapers, Daily Evening Newspapers, Weekly 
Newspapers, Secular Weekly Newspapers (Religious), Sun- 
day Morning Newspapers. Monthly Periodicals — Godey's 
Magazine, Graham's Magazine, Sartain's Magazine, Peter- 
son's Magazine, Journal of the Franklin Institute, Odd Fel- 
lows' Magazine, The Home and Foreign Record, The Presby- 
terian Magazine, The Banner of the Cross, The Mother's 
Journal, Examiner and Record of Medical Science, Medical 
News and Library. Quarterlies — The American Journal of 
the Medical Sciences, The American Journal of Dental 
Sciences, The American Journal of Pharmacy, Transactions 



xii CONTENTS. 

of the College of Physicians, The Biblical Repertory and 
Princeton Review, The Protestant Quarterly Review. Semi- 
Annual — Ranking's Half- Yearly Abstract of the Medical 
Sciences ; The Home, the School, and the Church ; Transactions 
of the American Philosophical Society, Transactions of the 
Academy of Natural Science, ..... 187 

CHAPTER VII. 

BENEVOLENT INSTITUTIONS. 

The Pennsylvania Hospital. Pennsylvania Hospital for the 
Insane. Friends' Asylum for the Insane. The United States 
Naval Asylum. Pennsylvania Institution for the Education of 
the Deaf and Dumb. Pennsylvania Institution for the Instruc- 
tion of the Blind. Friends' Almshouse. Blockley Almshouse. 
Moyamensing Almshouse. The Wills' Hospital. The City 
Hospital. Christ Church Hospital. St. Joseph's Hospital. 
The Dispensaries — Philadelphia Dispensary, Northern Dis- 
pensary, Moyamensing Dispensary. Preston Retreat. Foster 
Home Association. House of Industry. The Widows' Asylum. 
Philadelphia Lying-in Asylum. St. Ann's Widows' Asylum. 
Roman Catholic Benevolent Society of Philadelphia. The 
Orphans' Society of Philadelphia. St. John's Orphans' Asylum. 
St. John's Female Orphans' Asylum. Magdalen Asylums — 
Magdalen Asylum, The House of the Good Shepherd, Rosine 
Asylum. Coloured Orphans' Asylum. Provident Society. 
Union Benevolent Society. The Northern Association for the 
Relief and Employment of Poor Women. The Temporary Home 
Association. Soup Societies and City Trusts. Beneficial Asso- 
ciations — The Humane Society for the Recovery of Drowned 
Persons, The Society for Alleviating the Miseries of Prisons, 
The Colonization Society, Abolition Society, Foreign Bene- 
volent Society, . . . . . . . 249 

CHAPTER VIII. 

CHURCHES AND RELIGIOUS INSTITUTIONS. 

The Society of Friends. Friends' Meeting-Houses. Episcopal 
Churches — Gloria Dei, or Swedes' Church, Christ Church, St. 
Peter's Church, St. James' Church, St. Paul's Church, Church 
of the Epiphany, Church of the Atonement, Grace Church, 
St. Luke's Church, Church of the Ascension, Church of the 
Mediator, St. Philip's Church, St. Andrew's Church, St. Ste- 
phen's Church, St. John's Church, Church of the Advent, St. 
Mark's Church, St. Jude's Church, Church of the Nativity, 



C O N T E N T S. Xlll 

Church of the Redemption, Church of the Messiah, St, Matthew's 
Church, Church of Emanuel, Church of the Evangelists, Trinity 
Church, All Saints Church, St. Mary's Church, Church of St. 
James the Less, Church of the Crucifixion, St. Thomas's 
(African) Church, The Floating Church of the Redeemer. 
Presbyterian Churches — First Presbyterian Church, Second, 
Third, Fourth, Fifth, Sixth, Seventh, or Penn Square Presby- 
terian Church, The Eighth, or Scots' Presbyterian Church, 
The Ninth, Tenth, Eleventh, Twelfth, Central, Clinton Street, 
Western, Logan Square, Spring Garden, Green Hill, and Union 
Presbyterian Churches ; First Presbyterian Church, Northern 
Liberties ; Central Presbyterian Church, Northern Liberties ; 
North Presbyterian Church, Northern Liberties; Penn Presby- 
terian Church ; First Presbyterian Church, Kensington ; Second 
Presbyterian Church, Kensington; First Presbyterian Church, 
Southwark ; Second Presbyterian Church, Southwark : Asso- 
ciate Presbyterian Church, First Associate Presbyterian 
Church, Second Associate Presbyterian Church, Associate 
Presbyterian Church, Southwark, First Associate Reformed 
Presbyterian Church, Second Associate Reformed Presbyterian 
Church, Third Associate Reformed Presbyterian Church, 
Fourth Associate Reformed Presbyterian Church, Fifth Asso- 
ciate Reformed Presbyterian Church, Reformed Presbyterian 
Church, Cumberland Presbyterian Church, First Independent 
Presbyterian Church, Second Independent Presbyterian Church, 
Reformed Presbyterian Church, Cohocksink Presbyterian 
Church, Presbyterian Church at Port Richmond, Germantown, 
Mantua, and West Philadelphia. First, Second, and Third 
African Presbyterian Churches. Presbyterian Church at 
Bridesburg, Frankford, and Manayunk. Presbyterian Board 
of Publication Building. Presbyterian Board of Education, 
Presbyterian Board of Domestic Missions. Roman Catholic 
Churches — Cathedral Church of St. Peter, Church of St. John 
the Evangelist, St. Augustine's Church, The Chapel of Our 
Lady of Consolation, St. Mary's Church, St. Joseph's Church, 
Trinity Church, St. Patrick's Church, St. Francis Xavier's 
Church, St. Philip de Neri's Church, St. Paul's Church, St. 
Peter's Church (German), Church of the Assumption, St. Ann's 
Church, St. Michael's Church, St. Mary's Church, Passyunk 
Catholic Church at Nicetown, German Catholic Church, Brides- 
burg ; Catholic Church, Germantown ; Catholic Church, Frank- 
ford; Catholic Church, Manayunk; St. Mary's Church, Mana- 
yunk ; Catholic Church in West Philadelphia. Baptist Churches 
— The First Baptist Church, Second Baptist Church, Sansom 
Street Baptist Church, Third Baptist Church, Spruce Street 
Baptist Church, Schuylkill Baptist Church, Tabernacle Baptist 
Church, German Baptist Church, New Market Street Baptist 
Church, Hope Baptist Church, Tenth Baptist Church, Eleventh 



XIV CONTENTS. 

Baptist Church, Mount Tabor Baptist Church, Twelfth Baptist 
Church, Broad Street Baptist Church, North Baptist Church, 
West Kensington Baptist Church, West Philadelphia Baptist 
Church, The First African Baptist Church, Second African 
Baptist Church, Clifton Street African Baptist Church, Fourth 
African Baptist Church. American Baptist Publication So- 
ciety. Methodist Churches — St. George's Church, Salem 
Church, Nazareth Church, Union Church, Trinity Church, 
Western Church, Fifth Street Church, Eighth Street Church, 
Harmony Church, St. John's Church, Sanctuary Church, 
Parrish Street Church, Twelfth Street Church, German Metho- 
dist Church, Old Brick Church, Methodist Church, St. John's 
Church, Mount Zion Church, Wharton Street Church, Inde- 
pendent Church, Ebenezer Church, St. Paul's Church, John 
Wesley Church, Little Wesley Church, Zoar Church, Metho- 
dist Church, Bethel Church, Union Methodist Church, Metho- 
dist Church. Lutheran Churches — St. John's Church, Zior 
Church, St. Matthew's Church, German Lutheran Church, 
Zion and St. Michael's Church, St. Mark's Church, Lutheran 
Church, St. Michael's Church, Lutheran Church, IFrankford. 
German Reformed Churches — First German Reformed Church, 
Second German Reformed Church, German Reformed Church 
in Manayunk and Roxborough. Dutch Reformed Churches — 
The First Dutch Reformed Church, Second Dutch Reformed 
Church. Moravian Church. Universalist Churches — The First 
Universalist Church, Second Universalist Church, Third Uni- 
versalist Church, Fourth Universalist Church. Unitarian 
Church. Hebrew Synagogues — The First Synagogue, Second 
Synagogue, Third Synagogue. The Bible Christians. Dis- 
ciples of Christ, The Covenanters. Menonists' or Dunker's 
Church. New Jerusalem Church. Union Chapel. Church of 
the United Brethren. Mariners' Church. The Bible — The 
Pennsylvania Bible Society. The Female Bible Society of 
Philadelphia. The Philadelphia Bible Society. The Northern 
Liberties Bible Society. Germantown Female Bible Society. 
Frankford Bible Society. Manayunk Bible Society, The Bible 
Association of Friends. American Sunday School Union. 
Miscellaneous Associations — The Society of Masons, Masonic 
Lodges, Independent Order of Odd Fellows, Odd Fellows' Halls, 
The United Order of American Mechanics, The Independent 
Order of Good Fellows, The Improved Order of Red Men, Mu- 
tual Beneficial Associations. Temperance Societies — Order of 
the Sons of Temperance, Independent Order of Good Samari- 
tans, Daughters of Temperance, Daughters of Samaria, Cadets 
of Temperance, Pupils of Temperance, 



CONTENTS. XV 

CHAPTER IX. 

CEMETERIES OF PHILADELPHIA. 

Laurel Hill Cemetery— Thorn's Celebrated Group, Godfrey's 
Monument, Tomb of Oscar Douglass, Tribute to the Memory 
of General and Major Twiggs, Walter Colton's Tomb, Tomb Jf 
General Hugh Mercer, of Joseph S. Lewis, of Commodore 
Hull, of Commodore H. Murray, of Stephen Decatur Lavalette, 
U. S. N., of Ferdinand Rudolph Hassler, of Charles A. Has- 
sler, of William Drayton, of Thomas McKean, President of 
the first Continental Congress, of William Short, of John Cook, 
of Dr. Morgan, U. S. N., of John H. Beusse of South Carolina, of 
Charles Thomson, the Confidential Secretary of the first Con- 
giess, of Joseph C. Neal, Julius R. Friedlander, William Young 
Birch, and John Cook, Gothic Monument, The Coleman Monu° 
ment. South Laurel Hill— The Harrison Monument. Odd 
Fellows' Cemetery. Glenwood Cemetery. Monument Ceme- 
tery. Woodland Cemetery. ..... 363 

CHAPTER X. 

THE CITY GOVERNMENT, POLICE, PF.ISOXS, ETC. 

The City Police Department— Day Police, The City Watch. Se- 
lect Council. Common Council. Board of City Commissioners, 
City and County Commissioners, and Offices. The Consolidated 
Police Force of the City of Philadelphia. Consolidated Police 
Stations. The Lazaretto. United States Inspection Station 
at the Lazaretto. State Penitentiary for the Eastern District 
of Pennsylvania. Philadelphia County Prison. Fire Depart- 
ment—Engine Companies. List of Officers of the City, Districts, 
and Institutions of Philadelphia, in 1852. Officers of the City 
of Philadelphia. City and County Officers. Guardians of the 
Poor, Visiters of the Poor. Board of Health— Officers of the 
Board of Health, Executive Officers of the Board of Health. 
Officers and Managers of the Pennsylvania Hospital. Officers 
and Managers of the Pennsylvania Hospital for the Insane. 
Officers and Managers of the Philadelphia Dispensary. Officers 
and Directors of the various Banks. Custom House Officers, 
Inspectors, Clerks, &c. Fire Hose Companies. Hook and 
Ladder Fire Companies. Officers and Managers of the Phila- 
delphia Exchange Company. Insurance Companies, . . Si; 7 



XVI CONTENTS. 



CHAPTER XI. 

INTEENAL IMPROVEMENTS. 

The Columbia and Pennsylvania Railroad. Railroad and Canal 
Companies — Philadelphia, Reading, and Pottsville Railroad, 
Philadelphia and Trenton Railroad, Camden and Amboy Rail- 
road, Philadelphia, Wilmington, and Baltimore Railroad, 
Norristown and Germantown Railroad, West Chester Railroad, 
The City Railroad, Southwark Railroad, Northern Liberties 
and Spring Garden Railroad. Steamboats. Ferry Boats. 
Bridges — The Philadelphia, Wilmington, and Baltimore Rail- 
road Bridge, The Market Street Railroad Bridge, The Fair- 
mount Bridge, The Columbia or Reading Railroad Bridge, The 
Richmond Pvailroad Bridge, The Norristown Railroad Bridge, 
&c. Canals. Turnpike Roads. The Principal Hotels — The 
United States Hotel, Jones's Hotel, Chestnut Street, The 
Columbia House, The Washington House, The Girard Hotel, 
The Merchants' Hotel, The Franklin House, The American 
Hotel, Congress Hall, Eagle Hotel, &c., . . . 405 

CHAPTER XII. 

RELICS OF THE PAST. 

Penn's Cottage. Slate-Roof House. Loxley Hall. Old London 
Coffee House. Carpenters' Hall. Watson's Annals, &c. Con- 
clusion. Farquhar Building. Map of the City and Environs, 421 



PHILADELPHIA AS IT IS, 

IN 18 5 2. 



A WO ED TO THE READER. 

Some may think it unnecessary to make any prefatory re- 
marks, by way of introduction, to a work of this character ; but 
when the number of ^^ Hand-books/' ^' Guides," &c., already pub- 
lished, is considered, we may surely be justified in giving the 
^^ wherefore" which has induced us to add another to the cata- 
logue, and thus make good our claim for a share of the public 
patronage and support, which we venture to believe ourselves 
entitled to. 

To the descriptions of Philadelphia and its vicinity, which 
have already been published, it has been justly objected that 
they contain mere descriptions of buildings, &c., which, how- 
ever correctly written, necessarily fail to arrest the attention, 
or impart that information and instruction, which books of 
this character are expected to afford. To remedy these and 
similar objections, the present work has been compiled, which, 
while it claims to be equal to any of its predecessors in general 
information, will, we hope, be considered superior, on account 
of its illustrations and descriptive detail. The map and en- 
gravings have been executed with great care. The illustra- 
tions comprehend some of the most interesting views and ob- 
jects in this city and its vicinity. If the work meet the 
requirements of the public, our object will be attained. 

2 



14 PHILADELPHIA AS IT IS. 



A TALK ABOUT THE PA^ST AND THE PRESENT 
HISTORY OF THE CITY. 

One hundred and seventy-one years ago, tlie site of Phila- 
delphia was a wilderness. Our beautiful streets, now alive 
with the ceaseless hum of industry and the turmoil of com- 
merce, was the hunting-ground of the Indian. Behold the 
change ! 

In the year 1681, the first settlers arrived from London, in 
the ship " Sarah and John,'^ Captain Smith. The following 
year, William Penn, its great proprietor and founder, landed 
at the ^'Blue Anchor,'' near the mouth of Dock Creek. 

The object this celebrated man had in establishing '^ the 
new Colony" was, using his own words, ^^ to aiford an asylum 
to the good and oppressed of all nations, to frame a govern- 
ment which might be an example, to show men as free and as 
happy as they could be." *'I am," he writes, "spending my 
life and my money without being a sixpence enriched by my 
greatness. Had I sought greatness only, I had stayed at home, 
where the difference between what I am, and was offered and 
could have been there, in power and wealth, is as wide as the 
places are apart." 

Everything connected with the settlement and early history 
of Philadelphia, indicates the enlarged and religious mind of 
this Pater Patrise. The very name he chose is impressive, as 
importing in its original Greek sense — " brotherly love." The 
plan and limits were on the most magnificent scale. Had those 
original plans been carried out, Philadelphia would now have 
been the most splendid city in the world. They were feared, 
however, to be too extensive, and the contemplated city was 
reduced to one-fourth of the original plan. 

The first house erected was the " Blue Anchor" tavern, 



THE PAST AND THE PRESENT. 15 

situated near the mouth of Dock Creek, on the spot which is 
now the northwest corner of Dock and Front Streets. In 1684, 
the population was 2500 inhabitants. In the year 1701, Phila- 
delphia was incorporated into a city. It increased rapidly at 
that early day. In 1739, a resident writes, that it was the 
admiration of all people who saw or heard of its flourishing 
condition in lands, in building houses, and shipping, in manu- 
factures, and increase of population. 

At present, Philadelphia extends from Southwark to Hich- 
mond, a distance of nearly five miles ; and from the Delaware 
to the Schuylkill. Innumerable steamboats, sailboats, &c., 
travel along her shores — merchantmen and packets bring her 
the wealth of the most distant climes. Still her progress is on- 
ward. 

The enterprise of her citizens was never more displayed 
than at present. Railroads and canals pour into her lap the 
treasures alike of our own mountains and the great valley of 
the glorious West. The city is extending with wondrous 
strides ; year by year streets are being laid out, and houses, 
extending away for squares, arise, as by the hand of magic, on 
ground that lately ^^ waved in golden harvest." Spring Garden 
and Penn, twelve years ago, were rural districts. Now look 
at them ! We remember rambling, five years since, through 
fields immediately north of Poplar Street, where are now 
beautiful streets, adorned with tasty, and, in many instances, 
magnificent houses. In the '^ west end," the change is no less 
extraordinary. Who does not remember the "duck ponds" 
and '^commons out Broad Street?" They are gone, and 
houses unrivalled, in any city, for architectural taste and ele- 
gance, now line Vine, Race, Arch, Chestnut, Walnut, Locust, 
Spruce, and the intermediate streets. 

The Schuylkill no longer bounds us. Improvement is now 
in rapid march through the beautiful District of West Phila- 



16 PHILADELPHIA AS IT IS. 

delphia. And no less marvellous are the changes taking place 
in Southwark, Moyamensing, &c. &c. Those of our citizens 
whose business or inclinations keep them from '^rambling 
around/' will be astonished and bewildered on visiting what 
they are apt to term the ^^ outskirts of the city/' A worthy 
gentleman, residing in Chestnut by Delaware Eighth Street, 
remarked to us the other day, that he lately took a walk out 
west of Broad Street, ^' and,'' said he, " I could not believe 
my eyes; I thought this could not possibly be PhiladcliDhia. 
The change, sir, is most wonderful !" 



LOCATION AND GENERAL DESCRIPTION. 

This beautiful city is situated on a plain, bounded on the 
east by the River Delaware, on the west by the Kiver Schuyl- 
kill, about five miles above their junction. ^' The city," or 
that part of it incorporated by the city Charter, and under its 
jurisdiction, is bounded on the north by Vine Street, and on 
the south by Cedar or South Street. The adjoining districts 
of Spring Garden, Penn, Northern Liberties, Kensington, and 
Bichmond, on the north, West Philadelphia, &c., on the west, 
and Southwark, Moyamensing, &c., on the south, though 
governed by their own municipal authorities, ought always to 
be considered as forming a portion of the city, in a general and 
descriptive view. 

The length of Philadelphia, from the lower part of South- 
wark to Bichmond, is about five miles ; its breadth, at Market 
Street (its narrowest part), is two miles. 

The soil is the very best for building purposes, consisting 
principally, of clay of various colours and degrees of tenacity, 
beneath which, at different depths, of from five to twenty feet, 
is found coarse gravel. 



LOCATION AND GENERAL DESCRIPTION. 17 

Philadelphia is, perhaps, the most healthy city in the United 
States. The air is sweet and clear, the sky serene and seldom 
overcast. The streets are wide and airy, crossing at right 
angles; they surpass all others in the world, in their conve- 
nience for trade and accommodation for passengers, and are 
well paved and kept remarkably clean. At night they arc 
well lighted with gas. 

This metropolis is not celebrated for her palaces, yet she pos- 
sesses some edifices remarkable for both grandeur and beauty. 
Her buildings are more distinguished for their neatness and 
comfort. This applies to both public buildings and private 
dwellings. It is the ambition of many an American belle, to 
be mistress of a '^ Philadelphia three-story brick. ^' To live 
within his own family free from interruption, contest, or in- 
trusion, to have his house clean and comfortable, his apart- 
ments adapted to their several purposes, and in every respect 
convenient, is our citizen's delight; to effect all these, the builder 
exerts his utmost skill. There is — and we say it without 
fear of contradiction — no other city, the inhabitants of which 
enjoy so many of the accommodations art can afford, as those 
of Philadelphia. Let foreigners talk of their splendid palaces, 
mansions, and rich dwellings ; theirs is but the parade of pomp 
and vanity, ours is social comfort. 

Most of the houses in this city are built on a uniform plan, 
being generally three stories high. Within the last few years, 
however, there has been a decided advance in the style of 
building, and our streets are now being adorned with edifices 
that are unrivalled for taste, elegance, and convenience. 

The original plan of this city was made by Thomas Holmes, 
and surveyed in 1683, in which nine principal streets were 
laid out running east and west, and twenty running north and 
south. Market, or High Street, intended for the principal 
dwellings, is 100 feet wide. Broad is 113, Arch, or Mulberry, 

2* 



18 PHILADELPHIA AS IT IS. 

66, Front 60, and the rest 50 feet wide. The intermediate 
streets were subsequently laid out. For a correct plan of all 
of which, see the accompanying map. Dock Street is the only 
one not crossed at right angles in the city. This marks the 
course of the once ^'Dock Creek. ^' In olden times, trade and 
commerce, to a considerable extent, centred along its banks ', 
vessels came up as far as Third Street. Early writers speak 
frequently of the " beautiful prospect along the green banks 
of the pretty Dock Creek.'' In the winter, it was a fine 
" skating-pkce for the boys." Subsequently tan-yards, &c., 
took up their location here, soon rendering it a place " dan- 
gerous to the health of the city." It was finally filled up in 
1784. 

In the original plan, Penn desired to preserve a clear view 
of the Kiver Delaware from Front Street, restricting the 
buildings east of it to the height of the banks. What a noble 
promenade and exchange walk this would have formed I It 
was also his intention ^' that each house should stand in "the 
middle of its lot, so as to leave room for a garden, &c., that 
Philadelphia might be a green country town, which might 
never be burned down, and always be wholesome !" What a 
splendid appearance our streets would now present, if this 
idea had been carried out ! However, we must take the city 
as it is, and be thankful that it is so ; for few can rival it in 
the health, comfort, pleasure, and happiness of its inhabitants. 

Our city is not so thickly populated, for its extent, as some 
others. The streets ai'e wide, and the inhabitants of every 
class enjoy more room than usual in large cities. Not only 
the merchant, wealthy manufacturer, and persons well to do in 
the world, occupy each an entire dwelling, but tradesmen of 
the most humble class can have a house to themselves. 

In 1840, the population of the city and county was 258,037 ; 
at present it is about 440,000. The total number of dwelling- 
houses in Philadelphia is about 60,000. 



THE COAL TRADE. 19 

The wonderful increase of the city can be estimated by the 
fact, that there has been, on an average, over 3500 buildings 
erected annually for the past three years. 

During the last year our commerce has increased rapidly. 
At present there are one line of first class steamers and four 
lines of sailing packets plying between this port and Liverpool. 
One line of two fine steamers, running to Charleston, South 
Carolina. One, viz., the Union Steamship Company, between 
Philadelphia, Norfolk, Petersburg, and Richmond, Virginia. 
One to Boston, viz., the Philadelphia and Boston Steam 
Packet line, of two splendid vessels. One to Hartford, Con- 
necticut, two to New York, viz., the New York and Phila- 
delphia Independent Steamship line, via Cape May, and the 
Philadelphia and New York Steam Transportation Company's 
Merchants' and Swiftsure line, and one to Baltimore. 

Most of these vessels have been built in Philadelphia, and 
are unsurpassed as substantial sea-boats. The total number of 
ships, barques, brigs, schooners, steamers, barges, &c., entered 
in this port during the last year, was about 30,000. The value 
of imports, during the same period, 814,500,000. 

The Coal Trade. — During the year 1850, the total value of 
anthracite coal sent to market at tidewater, amounted to over 
sixteen million dollars. Who can estimate the immense in- 
crease of this valuable trade twenty years hence, when steam, to 
a great extent, shall have taken the place of sails, in vessels 
navigating the ocean and our extended coast ? 

The following statement shows the present extent of this 
branch of domestic commerce. 

The quantity of coal sent to market from the Lehigh in 
1850 was 7,029,002 tons. From the Schuylkill, 15,176,623 
tons. Lackawanna, 4,390,698 tons. Pine Grove, 525,733 tons. 
Lukens Valley, 96,935. Shamokin, 164,430 tons. Wyoming, 
1,614,571,— being a total of 28,998,286 tons. Showing an 



20 PIIILADELPIIIA AS IT IS. 

increase over the preceding year, of 97,506 tons. The increase 
for the years 1851-52, will, it is evident from present appear- 
ances, be much larger. 

The MANUFACTURES of the metropolis are very important, 
both as regards their magnitude and value ; indeed, the manu- 
facturing facilities of Philadelphia are unrivalled. Her vicinity 
abounds in immense water-power, and coal is to be obtained 
from our own mines at alow price. These, with the advantages 
of a home market, must continue to oifer inducements to the 
manufacturer that cannot be equalled elsewhere. The goods 
and wares manufiicturcd here consist of every variety. Articles 
of elegant use are brought to more than the ordinary degree of 
perfection. 

The following statement, showing the capital invested in 
manufacturing, value of the raw material consumed, number 
of hands employed, wages paid, and the value of the annual 
product of this branch of industry in this City and Districts, 
during the year ending June 1st, 1850, is taken from the 
Census returns, furnished us by A. E. Roberts, Marshal of 
the Eastern District of Pennsylvania, viz. : Capital invested 
in manufacturing, $32,737,911 ; value of the raw material 
used, including fuel, &c., 833,515,366; average number of 
male hands employed, 43,301; average number of females 
employed, 14,804; average monthly cost of male labour, 
$1,062,799 ; average monthly cost of female labour, $208,584 ; 
value of the annual products, $62,815,011. 

These estimates embrace only those establishments pro- 
ducins: articles to the annual value of over $500. 

We close these remarks with the following extract from the 
last Report of the Philadelphia Board of Trade. After alluding 
to the canals, railroads, and other improvements, connected 
with the city, together with those in contemplation, it goes on 
to say : 



MANUFACTURES. 21 

" It is to be hoped that Philadelphia will not be content 
with what she has done. Her commercial destiny exacts some- 
thing more" than self-complacent reflections on what she has 
accomplished ; for surely, if there is a spot on the face of the 
habitable globe, on which Nature, in the collocation and accu- 
mulation of her stores of mineral and agricultural wealth, has 
smiled benignantly and munificently, it is on this city. If 
intelligent foreigners, having the control of European capital, 
could be induced to scale the walls by which the pretensions of 
neighbouring communities endeavour to hide us from view, and 
come here and examine for themselves the resources and capa- 
bilities of Philadelphia and Pennsylvania — study, as suspiciously 
as they please, the social and moral character of her citizens, 
whether commercial men or not — find them, as they will, with 
rare exceptions, homogeneous as a population, of purely Ameri- 
can conservative sentiment, untainted by the fanaticism and dis- 
loyalty which exists in one direction, and oppressed by none 
of the social institutions which exist in another; — if capital from 
abroad, following the most purely selfish instinct, were to come 
here, seeking investments, nowhere could they be found more 
secure than in the internal commerce, the manufactures, the 
mining enterprises of Pennsylvania — in her public stocks, or 
in her real estate.'^ 




PUBLIC BUILDINGS. 23 



CHAPTER I. 



PUBLIC BUILDINGS. 



The State House, or Independence Hall. — This in- 
teresting relic of tlie past deserves especial notice, and few 
strangers leave our city without visiting its venerated halls. It 
was commenced in 1729, and completed in 1734. The size, 
style, and rich interior decorations of such a building, at so 
early a day, are an evidence of the public spirit of our former 
citizens. The architecture and plan of this edifice are from 
designs by J. Kearsely, the same who drew the plan of 
Christ Church. The builder was E. Wooley. The original 
cost was £5600. The two wings were erected in 1740. Al- 
though frequently renovated, it presents the same appearance 
now, that it did in 1776. 

In the east room of the first story, the immortal Declaration 
of Independence was passed by Congress, July 4th, 1776. 

There are places which possess, in a peculiar degree, the 
power of awaking sensations in the mind. In their efi^ect, we 
acknowledge the influence which has been so beautifully desig- 
nated, the ''magic of a scene. ^' Such an influence did we ex- 
perience, standing in this ''relic of olden days." Everything 
in the room leads the mind back to the memorable time — to 
that decisive act, which has consecrated this room to undying 
fame. We see those patriotic men pondering on the magnitude 
of the step about to be taken. Some of them seem to waver. 
Silence — deep and solemn silence, reigns throughout. See 
"that aged man" arise. He "casts a look of inexpressible 
interest and unconquerable determination" on his fellow-pa- 
triots. He addresses them. Hear him! "There is a tide 



LINDSAY AND BLAKISTON, 

PUBLISHERS, BOOKSELLERS, AND BINDERS, 
PHILADELPHIA. 



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H 

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t> 

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<H!linnTiiiiiniiiiiiiMiiiiiiiiiiiiiifiiiniiiiiiiimiinnii(minTniiiiiMiiii^ 




o 



ALWAYS ON HAND, 

MEDICAL, SURGICAL, DENTAL, 

SCHOOL, CLASSICAL, SCIENTIFIC, 

AND 

MISCELLANEOUS BOOKS, AT VERY LOW PRICES. 



BLANK AND MERCANTILE ACCOUNT BOOKS. 



PUBLIC BUILDINGS. 25 

in the affairs of men, a nick of time ; we perceive it now be- 
fore us. That noble instrument upon your table, which insures 
immortality to its author, should be subscribed this very morn- 
ing, by every member in the room. He who will not respond 
to its call is unworthy the name of freeman ! Although these 
hairs must descend into the tomb, I would rather, infinitely 
rather they should descend thither by the hand of the public 
executioner, than desert, at this crisis, the sacred cause of my 
country." He ceases, but the fire of patriotism is kindled 
afresh in every bosom, and " forthwith the glorious deed is 
done.'' We behold these noble men peril their lives, their 
fortunes, and sacred honour, in the just and holy cause. "^ John 
Hancock takes up the pen and signs his name in a largo, bold 
hand, and then rises, saying : " There ! John Bull can i-cad my 
name without spectacles, and may now double his reward for 
my head. That is my defiance !" 

Who does not love to read the history of his native land, and 
dwell with pleasure upon the exploits of her heroic sons ? Is 
it to be wondered, then, that this room, so intimately connected 
with our national existence, recalls a hundred scenes from the 
past ? This is the shrine of American liberty ! Long may it 
remain an object of veneration to future millions of freemen I 

The west room, on the same floor, is at present occupied by 
the Court of Common Pleas. 

Proceeding up stairs, we come to the ^^ Lobby," famed in 
colonial days as being the scene of many a sumptuous feast. 
The large room to the westward was the Senate chamber of the 
first Congress. In the rooms fronting Chestnut Street, to the 
east, the Committees of Congress in 1776 met to prepare their 
various reports. The ^^ Lobby" at that time extended the 
entire length of the building eastward from the landing; a 

* That venerable patriot was John Witherspoox of New Jersey, a distinguished 
uiiaisterof the Presbjteriau Church, a lineal descendant of the celebrated John Knox. 



:2n rillLADELPIlIA AS TT IF. 



PHILADELPHIA AND LIVERPOOL PACKETS. 

Sailing from Philadelphia on the 25th, and from Liverpool on the 12th 

of every Month. 

TUSCARORA, .... CAPTAIN TURLEY. 

TONAWANDA, .... CAPTAIN JULIUS. 

WYOMING, CAPTAIN DUNLEVY. 

SARANAC, CAPTAIN MOLONY. 

These ships are all of the first class, recently built in Philadel- 
phia ; and for strength, swiftness, and beauty of model, as well as 
for the extent and comfort of accommodations for passengers, are 
unsurpassed by any in the trade. 

The cabins are handsome and commodious ; the forward cabins and 
steerages large, airy, and well lighted. 

The captains are experienced navigators, and kind and attentive 
to the comfort of passengers ; and skilful surgeons accompany the 
ships. 

This line of Packets has been maintained regularly since its esta- 
blishment in 1822, during the whole time losing but one passenger 
from accidents of the sea. 

Persons intending to embark for Liverpool, or desirous of bringing 
their friends thence to this country, can secure passage in the cabin, 
forward cabin, or steerage, by applying, either personally or by 
letter, to the owners. 

H. & A. COPE & Co., 

Walnut Street Wliarf. 



PUBLIC BUILDINGS. 27 

room is now partitioned off it. In this Lobby, the American 
officers captured at the battle of Germantown, were confined. 
In it, too, many a noble fellow, wounded at the battle of 
Brandywine, breathed his last. (This portion of the building- 
was fitted up as a temporary hospital immediately after that 
battle.) 

The whole of this story is leased by the General Government, 
and is now used for the sittings of the Circuit and District 
Courts of the United States for the Eastern District of Penn- 
sylvania. 

The original steeple was taken down in 1774, the woodwork 
being found in a state of decay. The present one was erected 
in 1828, and is as near like the old structure as circumstances 
would permit. It contains an excellent clock, the four dial" 
plates of which are of ground glass. They are illuminated at 
night, in the summer to eleven, and in the winter to ten 
o'clock. The hours are struck on a fine-toned bell, which is also 
used to give the alarm and indicate the direction of fires. 

The " Old Bell," cast purposely for this edifice when first 
erected, is carefully preserved in the steeple. It was imported 
from England in 1752, ^' but got cracked by the stroke of a 
hammer in trying the sound, '^ It was recast, under the direc- 
tion of Isaac Norris, then a prominent member of the colonial 
Assembly : to him we are indebted for the prophetic inscription 
which it bears. 

"The motto of our Father band, 

Ch'cled the world in its embrace ; 
'Twas Liberty throughout the land, 

And good to all their brother race ! 
Long here — v/ithin the pilgrim's bell, 

Had lingered — though it often pealed — 
Those treasured tones that eke should tell 

When Freedom's proudest scroll was sealed!" 



28 PHILADELPHIA AS IT IS. 

THE PHILADELPHIA INSURANCE COMPANY, 

Office No. 44 Walnut Street, Southwest corner of Deck. 

UPON THE MUTUAL SYSTEM. 

FIRE INSURANCE. 

Buildings, Merchandise, Furniture, and property of every descrip- 
tion, in town or country, insured against loss or damage by fire, 
either for a limited period or perpetually, at the established rates. 

MARINE INSURANCE. 

Vessels, Cargoes and Freights, Foreign or Coastwise, insured under 
open or special policies, at the lowest rate of premiums. 

INLAND TRANSPORTATION RISKS. 

Merchandise of every description, per wagons, cars, steamboats, 
and canal boats — on roads, railroads, canals, rivers, or lakes — in- 
sured on the most liberal terms. 

The business of this Company is conducted upon the Mutual prin- 
ciple, combined with a Joint Stock capital. 

1. The capital of this Company, and all premiums received, arc 
pledged, by the Act of Incorporation, for the payment of all losses 
sustained by the Assured, which will be promptly settled. 

2. The net profits, after payment of losses, expenses, and interest 
on capital, are annually divided between the Assured and Stock- 
holders, pro rata. 

3. The Assured become members of the Company, and entitled to 
vote at all elections, and are eligible as Directors, without liability 
for losses. 

DIRECTORS. 

Joseph Cowperthwait, Zipheon Thayer, 

Joseph M. Thomas, John M. Hildeburn, 

James Martin, Franklin Fell, 

Hugh Elliott, Edwin Coolidge, 

William Martin, Jr., John G. Brenner, 

Nathaniel "Waldron, James Steel. 

JOSEPH COWPERTHWAIT, President. 
JOSEPH M. THOMAS, Vice-President. 
WM. MARTIN, Jr., Secretary. 



PUBLIC BUILDINGS. 



29 



This bell, (of which our engraving is a correct sketch,) 
is memorable, as being the first to proclaim the glad tidings of 




liberty in the United States. About 2 o'clock, p. m., on the 
4th of July, 1776, its joyous melody floated clear and musical 
on the air, announcing the passage of that " Act,'^ the influ- 



30 PHILADELPHIA AS IT IS. 



CURTAINS 



AND 



WINDOAV SHADES AND FIXTURES. 



SAFFORD AND COOKMAN, 

No. 171 Chestmit Street, above FiftU, 

(opposite the state house,) 

Have on hand a large and splendid assortment of their own impor- 
tation of the above goods, which they will sell wholesale or retail, at 
a small advance, for Cash. 

Gilt Cornices, Lace and Muslin Curtains, 

Gilt Bands, French Satin Laincs, 

Gilt Pins, India Satins, 

Loops, Gimps, Brocatelles, 

Cords, Tassels, French Plushes, 

Damasks, &c., &c. 



WINDOW SHADES, 

OF THE MOST CHOICE AND BEAUTIFUL DESIGNS. 

llciaieiiibef, 171 ClieNtiint Street. 



PUBLIC BUILDINGS. 31 

ence of which is to last through all time. Subsequently it 
was fractured; and it is now preserved as a hallowed relic of the 
past. 

The panoramic view of the city from the steeple is strikingly 
beautiful. 

The first story of the east wing, contains the offices of the 
Prothonotary of the Supreme Court of the State, the Register 
of Wills, the Recorder of Deeds, and the Clerk of the Orphans' 
Court. In the second story is the room used for the sittings 
of the Supreme Court of the State for the Eastern District of 
Pennsylvania, together with the offices of the Recorder of the 
city, and the District Attorney. 

In the first story of the west wing, are the offices of the 
Clerk of the Court of Common Pleas, the Clerk of the District 
Courts, the Clerk of the Court of Quarter Sessions, and the 
Sheriff's office. The second story of this wing contains the 
County Auditor's, the County Treasurer's, and the County 
Commissioners' offices, and a chamber used for the sittings of 
the County Board, 

The building on the southwest corner of Chestnut and Fifth 
Streets is the City Hall. When are we to have a better one ? 
It contains the Mayor's Court and offices, the City Clerk's, the 
City Treasurer's, and the Watering Committee's offices ; the 
Commissioner of City Property, and the City Commissioners' 
offices, together with the offices of the Clerk of the Select 
Council, and the Clerk of the Common Council, and a neatly 
fitted up Council chamber. That on the southeast corner of 
Chestnut and Sixth Streets is at present used for the sittings 
of the Nisi Prius Court, the District Courts, and the Court of 
Quarter Sessions. 

The Law Library is located in the second story. This 
building was the '' Old Congress Hall.^' Here Washington 
bade farewell to public life, and delivered that memorable 



32 PHILADELPHIA AS IT IS. 

UMBRELLA MANUFACTURE. 

WRIGHT, BROTHERS & Co., 
Ill Market Street. 

Since the days when men, who ventured to use this, now considered 
necessary article, were hooted after in the streets, umbrellas have 
crept into use, from one bold innovator to another, until the time 
when its value as a highly useful and health-preserving article was 
generally acknowledged. From that time its use has increased so 
rapidly, that at present no house, and scarcely an individual, from 
I\laine to California, is without "My Umbrella." But, seriously, this 
branch of manufacture is acquiring great importance ; it is now 
looked upon as a staple article, and heavy capitalists readily invest 
both attention and vast pecuniary means, in a production long treated 
with ridicule. 

Of the vast quantity of material consumed in this manufacture, we 
can give some idea from the statistics of a Philadelphia house, 
Wright, Brotheks & Co., one of the oldest and heaviest in the United 
States, and who manufacture about one-tenth of all the Umbrellas 
used in America. 

This house produces an average of 1000 umbrellas and parasols a 
day, or 300,000 per annum, and consumes 550,000 yards — equal to 
320 miles — of silks, cottons, and ginghams; upwards of 100,000 pounds 
of rattan ; about 38 tons, or 200,000 pieces of horn, bone, and other 
ornamental mountings. Of whalebone, the house alluded to above 
consumes 100,000 pounds, equal to about one-thirtieth of the average 
product of the whale fisheries of the world. 

Such is the extent and variety of the mechanism used, and the per- 
fection and nicety with which it is adapted to the purpose, that, with 
tlie help of am])le steam power, all this vast quantity of material 
changes its form, and 300,000 Umbrellas are manufactured in the 
establishment of the Messrs. Wright, with the help of only 300 hands, 
constantly employed under one roof. All parts of the umbrella are 
now arranged with mathematical accuracy by the machinery used, 
some of which was invented by one of the proprietors of the establish- 
ment, from which the above information was obtained, and can be 
used by no other manufactory. The system to which all parts of this 
branch of manufacture are reduced, is now so perfect as to place the 
cost of production very low ; and the fcAV immense establishments 
with this i)owerful aid of extensive and appropriate mechanical con- 
trivances are fast swallowing up the smaller shops, and placing their 
goods far below competition from hand labour and ordinary machinery 
— in addition to forming the article with a beauty and accuracy only 
to be obtained from the best mechanical means. 



PUBLIC BUILDINGS. 



03 



address, which will ever be cherished as a sacred legacy by his 
admiring countr^'^men. 




UNITED STATES CUSTOM HOUSE. 

The Custom House, formerly the United States Bank, 
situated on the south side of Chestnut above Fourth Street, 
is a splendid marble edifice. It has two fronts, one on Chest- 
nut, and one on Library Street, each ornamented by eight 
fluted columns of the Doric order, 27 feet high, and 4 feet 6 
inches in diameter, supporting a heavy entablature of the 
same order. It is in imitation of the celebrated Parthenon at 
Athens. The structure is built upon a platform, 87 feet in 
front and 161 feet deep. The view from Chestnut Street is much 
enhanced by its elevation and recession. It bears altogether 
the features of unassuming grandeur, and chaste simplicity. 

The principal apartment is 81 feet long by 48 wide, richly 
ornamented by fluted Ionic columns, and sculptured embel- 
lishments. 



34 PHILADELPHIA AS IT IS. 

SIGN OF THE GOLDEf^ SADDLE AND TRum., 

38 Market !§ifi'«et, liclo^y SecoEicl. 

EXTENSIVE MANUFACTORY OF 

SADDLES, BRIDLKS, SADDLE BAGS, HARNESS, COLLARS, FLY NETS, 
TIIUNKS, CARPET BAGS, WIlIl'S, ETC. 

All of ^vhicli will be sold at the lowest prices, Wholesale and Retail 

MEllCIIANTS AND TRAVELLERS 

ARE INFOKMED THAT OUR TRUNK WAREROOMS CONTAIN 

500 TO 800 

LB^THBH TRUSfKS, 

MADE IN ALL STYLES, 

IRON FRAME, SOLE LEATHER, STEEL SPRINGS, SOLID RIVETED. 
BOUND. AND PACKING TRUNKS. 

ALSO A LARGE STOCK OF 

CARPET AND LEATHER TRAVELLING BAGS. 

TO AVHICII WE INVITE TUE ATTENTION OF BUYERS. 

JS^^ Wholesale and Retail. -^W^ 

E. P. MOYER, 

Nos. 38 and 350 Market Street, Pliiladelpliia. 

C. MAGARGE Su E. R. COPE, 

NO. 52 COMMEECE STREET. 

A GENERAL ASSORTMENT OF PAPERS AND PAFER-MAKERS' MATERIALS 
ALWAYS ON HAND. 



MEGARGEE &, CO., 

wo. 32 COMMERCE STREET, PHILADELPHIA. 

PAPERS OF EVERY DESCRIPTION ON HAND, OR MADE TO ORDER, 
AND PAPER manufacturers' MATERIALS, ETC. 

M. J. &> C. C RO L L, 

NO. 149 CHESTNUT STREET, 

(under united states hotel.) 



PUBLIC BUILDINGS. of) 

This beautiful edifice was commenced in 1819, and completed 
in 1824, at an expense of about 8500,000. The United States 
government purchased it at about one half of its original cost. 
This building is considered one of the purest specimens of 
Doric architecture, erected in modern days. 

Custom House Stores, Second below Dock Street, together 
with the entire line of buildings on both sides of Granite 
Street, with the exception of those on Front Street. 

United States Store-keeper's Office. — Nos. 24 and 26 
Walnut Street, this is the principal warehouse department of 
the customs. 

The United States Appraisers' Office, is also in the 
same building. 

United States Inspectors of Customs and Tidewaiters. 
— There are several of these oj0&cers distributed throughout the 
three commercial districts, viz., the upper, the lower, and the 
middle district. 

Warden of the Port. — By an Act of Assembly, the 
Governor is authorized to appoint one master warden, whose 
term of office extends to three years ; thirteen assistant war- 
dens arc appointed by the City Councils and Commissioners 
of the adjoining districts annually. 

The duty of these officers is to grant licenses to pilots, to 
make rules for their government, and to decide all questions 
of dispute between them and the owners and captains of vessels; 
to determine the construction and extent of wharves, &c. An 
appeal from their decision to the Court of Common Pleas can 
be made, provided it is done within six days after judgment. 

The Governor also appoints Inspectors to superintend and 
inspect various articles of merchandise for exportation, viz., 
shingles, lumber, ground barks, distilled spirits, beef and pork, 
flour, fish, butter, lard, flaxseed, grain, &c. He also appoints 
a Harbour Master, to direct the mooring of ships, and the 
order in which they shall load and unload at the wharves, &c. 



PHILADELPHIA AS IT IS. 



ADAMS & CO., 

EXPRESS AGENTS AND FORWARDERS, 

116 Chestnut Street. 

PARCELS, SAMPLES, PACKAGES. VALUABLE ARTICLES, MERCHANDISE, 

BANK NOTES, SPECIE, GOLD DUST, ETC., 

Will be forwarded by the undersigned, either in their own trains, or 

by connexion with other companies, to all the principal cities 

of the UNITED STATES and EUROPE. 

WESTERN GOODS 

Obtain extraordinary despatch. 

THE Ci^LIFORMIA ^XWUHBB 

Goes forward by every steamer, and is also the safest and best medium 
for the transportation of GOLD DUST from the Pacific. 

TKS XSUROPBAM HZFRESS 



OF 



MESSRS. EDWARDS. SANDFORO & CO.. 

Which is represented at all our offices, transports packages to and 
from EUROPE, executes commissions of every nature abroad, and 
furnishes remittances and letters of credit to all the principal 
Foreign cities. 

Our arrangements are more extensive and effective than those of any 
other establishment in the world. 

ADAMS & CO. 



PUBLIC BUILDINGS. 37 

City Tobacco Warehouse. — This immense establishment 
extends from Front to Little Dock Street, and from Spruce to 
Dock Street. It is used for the storage and inspection of tobacco. 

The United States Arsenal, on the Schuylkill, or, more 
properly speaking, the United States Army Clothing Depot, is 
situated on the banks of the Schuylkill below the Naval 
Asylum. The buildings consist of four large storehouses of 
brick, three stories high, forming a hollow square. This is the 
depot from which the United States Army receives its supply 
of clothing, camp-equipage, &c. 

There is not a pound of powder, nor a single weapon of war- 
fare on the premises, notwithstanding its general name. 

United States Arsenal, near Frankford. This is an im- 
mense establishment, used for the storage and manufacture 
of the munitions of war. The powder magazine is one of the 
largest in the United States. 

State Arsenal, Juniper Street, opposite Centre o^- Penn 
Square. 

The County of Philadelphia is divided into different local 
governments, all of which have their respective halls, or places 
of public meeting within their limits, in several of which 
handsome and commodious buildings have been erected for the 
accommodation of the municipal ofl&cers, and for public lec- 
tures, &c. The following are the locations of the Halls of the 
several districts : 

Commissioners' Hall, Southwark, Second above Chris- 
tian Street. 

Commissioners' Hall, Moyamensing, Christian, east of 
Tenth Street. 

Commissioners' Hall, Kensington, Front and Oxford 
Street. 

Commissioners' Hall, Northern Liberties, Third 
below Green Street. 



38 PHILADELPHIA AS IT IS. 

ISAAC C. PRICE, 
Real Estate Office, S.W. corner IU\\ and Spring Garden Streets, 

OPPOSITE SPRING GARDEN HALL. 

GEORGE W. KERN, 



'ill •« 'ainui \\'M 'EJ 'iui3 'iu «^i3 m 'lui ''iiiiii 'aiite ''ui ^''a V^ '3 



? 

CANE, BEUSH, AND WHIP MOUNTINGS, 
No. 45 South Eiglitli Street, East side, Tliird story. 



HANKINS &; CUMMINGS, 
S. E. Corner of EleYentli and Willow Streets, 

HAVE CONSTANTLY FOR SALE 

MOUNT LAFFY, TAMAQUA, BROAD AND PEACH MOUNTAIN, 
COOK'S FAVOURITE, AND RAINBOW VEIN 

CO All, 

Selected expressly for Family Use, Manufacturing and Steamboat purposes. 

STEAM MARBLE WORKS, 

Ridge Road al)ove Spring Garden Street, 
J3l)ilabclpl)in. 

Tliis establishment, erected on an improved plan, by the aid of 
extensive Steam Power manufactures all kinds of INIarble Work, in a 
superior style, rt the lowest prices for cash. 

TILES FOR FLOORING 

imported and always on hand, and for sale at the most reasonable 
prices. 

The largest and best assortment of 

MiLRBZiE IVE iV ST T E If S 
ever offered to the public, may be seen at the Warerooms, to which 
tlie attention of purchasers is respectfully invited, 

JOHN BAIRD, 
MATTHEW BAIRD. 



PUBLIC BUILDINGS. 



39 



Commissioners' Hall, Richmond, Lemon Street and 



Ijcliigli Avenue. 




commissioners' hall, sprixg garden. 



This building is situated at the northwest corner of Thir- 
teenth and Spring Garden Streets, and is one of the most im- 
posing in the county. 



40 PHILADELPHIA AS IT IS. 

Em®©© (go ©AiBU^iiiJH a ©®09 

IMPOKTERS OF 

AND FANCY GOODS, 

AND MANUFACTURERS OF 

JEWELLERY AND SILVER WARE, 

^0, 122 €l)estnttt Stmt, 

(below fourth.) 
J. STEUTHERS & SON'S 

NO. 360 HIGH STREET. 

Marble Mantels, Monuments, Tombs and Grave Stones 

CONSTANTLY ON HAND, 

Every description of Oi'namental Work and Statuary executed and 
imported. Orders for public or private buildings executed with 
promptness and despatch. 

N. B. — Designs will be sent for Mantels, Monuments, and Grave 
Stones, and all work shipped insured from breakage when required. 

JOHN G. HOLBROOKE, 

Farquliar Buildings, 56 Walnvit Street, 

GENERAL AGENT FOB 

FIRE, LIFE, AND MARINE INSURANCE. 

PUGH MADEIRA, 

MANUFACTURER OF 

SURGICAL AND DENTAL INSTRUMENTS, SYRINGES, &c., 

No. 37 Soutli Eiglitli Street. 

Also on hand, Penknives, Razors, and Strops, of superior quality. 
Cutlery ground and repaired. 

J. H. G E M R I G, 

MANUFACTURER OF 

SURGICAL AND DENTAL INSTRUMENTS, 

ELASTIC TRUSSES AND BANDAGES, 

No. 43 South Eighth Street. 



MARKETS. ' 41 



MARKETS. 



Few cities can boast of markets better supplied with the 
bounties of nature than Philadelphia. Let the reader, particu- 
larly if a stranger, take a tour of observation through them, 
especially on Wednesday and Saturday mornings, and he will 
behold an exceedingly interesting and gratifying spectacle. He 
will find those buildings well supplied with all kinds of meat, 
poultry, game, fish, vegetables, fruit, &c., while the streets in the 
immediate vicinity are crowded in all directions with well-filled 
baskets. 

These markets, distributed throughout the city, embrace al- 
together over forty entire squares, in addition to the range of 
wagon stands on Market Street and Second Street, which of 
themselves form a line equal in extent to three miles. There 
are inspectors appointed by the city and district authorities, 
whose duty it is to enforce the regulations respecting the 
weight, &c., to see that no unwholesome food is ofi'ered for sale, 
and that the stalls and buildings are kept clean and in order. 
The locations of the markets are as follows. 

High Street Market. — Those long ranges of buildings that 
line this noble avenue, were not contemplated in the original 
plan of the city. Penn designed Centre Square for this purpose. 
The first of these houses was erected in 1710; it extended 
half way up from Second Street. In 1729, it was carried up 
to Third Street, where, for a long period, it was marked with 
the appendages of Pillory, Stocks, and Whipping Post. (The last 
remembered criminal punished here, was a genteel store-keeper, 
convicted of forgery. The gentleman made amends to an in- 
jured public, by having his face well pelted with rotten eggs, 
and his ears clipped by the sheriff.) In the same year, councils 
erected twenty stalls '^ for the accommodation of such as bring 

provisions from New Jersey.'' These were moveable stalls, and 

4* 



42 



PmLADELPHIA AS IT IS. 




THE OLDEST STAND IN THE UNION. 



AND IMPORTER OF 



fuman i^aix, £xcnti) |)erfumcrrj, 

COMBS, BRUSHES, AND FANCY ARTICLES, 

No. 28 South Fourth Street, 

CORNER OF RANSTEAB PLACE, PHILADA. 

WigS; ToiipeeSf Braids^ Frizettes« &c* 

23^ Private Dressing-Rooms for Ladies and Gentlemen. 



iSook, €axh, anir lann) printer, 

NO. 112 CHESTNUT STREET, 

ABOVE THIRD STREET, ENTRANCE ON HUDSON'S ALLEY, 

PHILADELPHIA. 

acthofltapfiic ^ Colour iUrCnttitfj ?5statJlisfiment» 

AK'iraQ/^KI [§lliia[L[2)0KI(^3 B^!i^STi'[g/?\[2) [?[L^©S3 

(Ptear of No. 26 South Fourth Street,) 

PHILADELPHIA. 

Drawings of all kinds executed on Stone. Copper and Steel Plates, 
Woodcuts, and Manuscripts transferred. Labels for Patent Medicines 
and Perfumery, in any quantity, at moderate cost. Steam Power 
employed. 

JOHN H. FRICK, 

COMMISSIONER OF DEEDS, ETC., 

Appointed by the Governors of the following States and Territories, 
to take Testimony, Affidavits, and Acknowledgments, to be used 
therein: — Alabama, Arkansas, California, Connecticut, Delaware, 
Florida, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maine, Mary- 
land, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, New 
Hampshire, North Carolina, Ohio, Rhode Island, South Carolina, Ten- 
nessee, Texas, Vermont, Virginia, Wisconsin. 

Real Estate purchased and sold. 

Loans negotiated on bond and mortgage. 

Office, No. 7ok DOCK STRCEIT, Pliiladelpliia, Pa. 



MARKETS. 43 

were placed east of Second Street. The present New Jersey 
market was erected in 1765. A portion of this building was 
used for several years as an Exchange. In 1773, the markets 
were extended to Fourth Street. These encroachments on the 
beautiful High Street met with much and determined opposition 
as being ^^ shameful obstructions.^' Finally, the " market in- 
terests" prevailed, and the extensions gradually went on. 
They now reach from the Delaware to Eighth Street, and from 
Schuylkill Sixth to Schuylkill Eighth Street. In 1836, the 
old market-houses were torn down, and the present light and 
airy structures erected. This change was rendered necessary 
to allow passage-room for the city railroad. 

South Second Street Market extends from Pine to Cedar 
Street. 

North Second Street Market extends from Coates to 
Poplar Street. 

Callowhill Street Market is situated in Callowhill 
Street, between Fourth and Seventh Streets. 

Shippen Street Market extends from Third to Fifth Street. 

Maiden Street Market, Kensington, Maiden Street, be- 
tween Broad and Manderson Streets. 

Spring Garden Market, Spring Garden Street. 

Extensive ranges of light and graceful market-houses line 
this elegant avenue, from Sixth to Twelfth Street. Such is the 
demand and supply at this market, that the Commissioners 
contemplate extending it still further west. 

GiRARD Market, Girard Avenue, between Tenth and Lewis 
Streets. 

MoYAMENSiNG MARKET, extends from Prime to Wharton 
Street. 

Franklin Market, Franklin Avenue, Kensington, consists 
of two ranges ; one extending from Hancock Street to the Ger- 
mantown Koad, the other from Crown Street to the Frankford 
Road. 



44 PHILADELPHIA AS IT IS. 

WRITING-DESK, DRESSING-CASE, AND POCKET-BOOK MANUFACTURERS, 

No, 31 Franklin Place, Pliiladelpliia. 

ESJaRAVEB. OIN" WOOD, 

30 South Fiftli Street, Room No, 15, Philadelphia. 



lyiAITUrAOTURBIl OP ENVELOPES, 
Rear of No. 3G South Fourth Street, 

(up stairs, third door in ranstead place.) 



p. WYCKOFF, 

ATTORNEY AND COUNSELLOR AT LAW, 

OFFICE NO. 66 SOUTH SIXTH STREET. 

JOHN GLEAVE; 

©am M^^^mm^ 

No. 19 Minor Street, Philadelphia. 



J. T. ALTEMUS, 

NOS. 44, 46, AND 48 NORTH FOURTH STREET. 

GOLD WATCH-CASE MANUFACTURERS, 

ARTISAN BUILDING, RANSTEAD PLACE, 
Fourth Street, ahove Chestnut, 

PHILADELPHIA. 

J ^ ANDERSON, 

No. 9 South Thirteenth Street, 

MANUFACTURES AND KEEPS CONSTANTLY ON HAND 

FANCY AND PLAIN VENETIAN BLINDS, 

OF ALL THE DIFFERENT STYLES. 
OLD BLINDS PAINTED AND TRIMIVIED TO LOOK EQUAL TO NEW. 

ISAAC K. STAUFFER, JACOB HARLEY. 

STAUFFER &. HARLEY, 

SUCCESSORS TO O. CONRAD, 

WATCHMAI^ERS AND JEWELLERS, 

AND IMPORTERS OF WATCHES, 
No. 96 North Second St., Corner of Quarry, Philadelphia. 

For Sale, an assortment of Gold and Silver Patent Lever, Lepine and 
Plain Watches ; fine Gold Jewellery and Silver Ware. 



WATER-WORKS. 45 

Eleventh Street Market, Moyamensing, Eleventh 
Street, extends from Shippen to Fitzwater Street. 

The wholesale provision trade is carried on by extensive 
firms, principally located along the wharves and Water Street, 
where immense warehouses extend for squares, filled with the 
rich products of our own valley, or with the teas, coffee, sugar, 
spices, wines, &c., of foreign lands. 

WATER-WORKS. 

The Fairmount Water-works, from which the City of 
Philadelphia is supplied with water, is situated on the east 
bank of the Schuylkill Kiver, a short distance above the boun- 
dary line of the city proper, at which place a water-power was 
obtained by the erection of a dam across the river. This dam 
was built by sinking wooden cribs filled with stone; it is 1248 
feet long, part being founded upon rock, which is dry at low 
tide, and the remainder being sunk through mud to rock, in 
some places to the depth of 30 feet below high tide. This dam 
was erected in 1819, and has successfully withstood seven 
freshets, in two instances having as much as ten and a half feet 
of water flowing over it. The water backed up by the dam is 
conducted into a forebay on the back and east side of the mill- 
buildings, the whole of which forebay, as well as the site upon 
which the mill-buildings stand, was excavated from the solid 
rock; the length of this race or forebay is 419 feet, and the 
depth of the excavation necessary to form it was GO feet. The 
forebay is 90 feet wide, and 6 feet deep below the top of the 
dam, which allows a passage of the water to the mill-buildings, 
on its west side to the wheels, which discharge the water into 
the river below. The mill-building is of stone, 238 feet long 
and 56 feet wide, divided into 12 apartments, four of which con- 
tain 8 double-acting forcing pumps, 16 inches in diameter, 
and 6 feet stroke ; the other apartments, are forebays leading to 
eight water-wheels. On the east front of the mill-buildings. 



46 



PHILADELPHIA AS IT IS. 



DELIGHTFULLY ROMANTIC SCHUYLKILL EXCURSIONS, 



By the swift and 
comfortable Steamers 
"Frederick Graff," 
Capt. Wm. F. Cline, 
and "Washington," 
Capt. H. M. Green. 




To and from Fair- 
mount, Laurel Hill 
Cemetery, Falls, and 
Manayunk, every 
hour through the 
day. 



Fare to Laurel Hill Cemetery and Falls 10, Columbia Bridge G^, and 
Mcmayunk 12^- cents. 

)|@^ Upon tins Excursion you have a great variety of handsome 
and interesting scenery, a part of which is seven splendid bridges 
crossing the Schuylkill, and one the beautiful AVissahickon ; four 
railroads ; the Inclined Plane ; two extensive Water-works ; one canal, 
with its numerous boats, &c. ; trains of over 100 loaded cars, attached 
to a single engine, constantly crossing the river upon the Reading 
Railroad Bridge. 

The Boats will touch at Laurel Hill, returning to the city, twenty 
minutes past each hour. Omnibusses leave the Exchange every few 
minutes for Fairmount, and run through Chestnut, Arch, Vine, and 
Coates Streets, and leave Fairmount upon the arrival of each Boat. 
Fare 6i cents. 

PHILxiDELPHIA # 

SURGEONS' BANlJAGE INSTITUTE,'^ 

No. 34 South Sixth Street, below Chestnut, 
WHERE CAN BE HAD 

B. C. EVERETT'S PATENT GRADUATING PRESSURE TRUSS, 

AND IMPROVED SURGICAL MACHINERY. 

plaTFand ornamental printing 

NEATLY AND EXPEDITIOUSLY EXECUTED 

NO. 3 BLACK HORSE ALLEY, 

(off SECOND STREET, BETWEEN MARKET AND CHESTNUT,) 
PHILADEL.PHIA. 

CRISSY & MARK LEY, 

PUBLISHERS, 

GOLDSMITHS' HALL, LIBRARY STREET. 




I »-s=- *1 «. 




48 PHILADELPHIA AS IT IS. 

IMPORTER AND WHOLESALE AND RETAIL DEALER IN 

(^o^s, bariets anb £am^ Articles, 

"^CANES, GAMES, SEGAR CASES, PIPES, DOMINOES, ETC., 

No. 10^ N. Sixth St., above Market, Pliilada. 
g@^ Also Manufacturer of Canes, Rattles, Napkin Rings, Trick 
Boxes, Tops, &c. All kinds of Fancy Turning done. 

H. & C. HOWARD, 
MACHINISTS, STEAM ENGINE 8b PRINTING PRESS MANUFACTURERS, 

ARTISAN BUILDING, RANSTEAD PLACE. 

(Rear of No. 26 South Fourth Street, Philadelphia.) 

No* 13 Drinker's Alley, 

(running FROM FRONT TO SECOND, BETWEEN ARCH AND RACE STREETS.) 



JOHN BINNS, 
NO, 46 SOUTH SIXTH STREET, 

UNITED STATES COMMISSION, 
AND COMMISSIONER OF DEEDS. ETC.. FOR TWENTY-SIX STATES. 



CHARLES H. BUTT, 

SOLE MANUFACTURER OF 

STEREOGRAPH (MERCANTILE) SAFETY BLANKS, 

AND PRINTER, 

Ko. 63 Walnut Street, albove Tlilra. 

Checks, Notes, Drafts, &c., made to order. 



J. M. S M I T H, 

STEAM FLOUE MILL, 

Nos. 28 and §0 Dock Street. 

EXTRA FAMILY FLOUR, WHOLESALE AND RETAIL. 

JOSEPH M. CHRISTIAN^ 

MACHXMIST, 

No. 42 Dock Street, below Second, Philadelphia. 

STEAM ENGINES, SHAFTING, LATHES, JEWELLERS' ROLLS, 
PRESSES AND MACHINERY. 



WATER-WORKS. 49 

over the pump and forebay chambers, is a terrace 256 feet long, 
and 26 feet wide, paved with brick, forming a handsome walk 
along the race. Three of the water-wheels are formed of wood, 
but the remainder are of cast iron, varying in size from 16 to 
18 feet in diameter, all, however, being 15 feet wide. These 
wheel-pumps are each calculated to raise into the reservoir 
about one and a half million gallons of water per twenty-four 
hours; they elevate the water a perpendicular height of 92 feet. 
Each pump has its own distinct main, of sixteen inches in 
diameter, running up into the reservoir. The water in the re- 
servoirs, when they are full, is 102 feet above low tide in the 
Schuylkill, and 56 feet above the highest ground in the city. 
The reservoirs are built with stone walls, paved upon the bottom 
with bricks laid in cement upon puddled clay. The depth of 
water in them, when full, is 12 feet 3 inches; there are four 
main reservoirs, divided by stone walls, containing together 
22,031,976 ale gallons. The larger portion of these reservoirs 
are upon artificial ground, raised in some parts forty feet above 
the original of the hill. The cost of all the reservoirs was 
$133,822. The water passes from the reservoirs to the city 
through three iron mains, one of 20 inches diameter, one of 22 
inches diameter, and one of 30 inches diameter; and is then 
distributed through the city in pipes from 3 to 30 inches 
diameter. The whole length of these pipes being as follows. 



Of 3 inches in 


diameter, 


4 


« 


« 


6 


(( 


(( 


8 


ii 


« 


10 


li 


K 


12 


(I 


U 


16 


a 


a 


20 


(' 


a 


22 


a 


<c 


30 


a 


cc 


Together, 





115,790 feet, 


24,821 


a 


170,586 


(( 


9,745 


a 


40,668 


(( 


23,646 


« 


10,553 


a 


20,245 


^l 


2,661 


ti 


13,821 


(I 



432,536 



60 PHILADELPHIA AS IT IS. 

WILLIAM A. WRAY, 

MARBLE MASON, 

Northeast corner Ridge Road and Washington St., 

PHILADELPHIA. 

Every description of Monumental and House Work neatly done 
and punctually attended to. 



WM. S. MARTIEN, 

NO. 144 CHESTNUT STREET, 

PHILADELPHIA. 

FIRST BOOKSTORE ABOVE SIXTH STREET. 



No. 264 Chestnut Street, below Tenth, 

PHILADELPHIA. 
R. & R. S. SMITH, 

IN ARCHITECTURAL, SHIP, CASTING, 

AND ALL OTHER BRANCHES OP THE ART. 
N. F". coiner Second and Dock Sts., 5tlx story, 

PHILADELPHIA. 



EDWARD T. CRISPIN, 

WHOLESALE AND RETAIL 

TRAVELLING TRUNK, VALISE, 

No. 182 and at 131 Market Street. 

A LARGE AND DESIRABLE ASSORTMENT, CHEAP FOR CASH. 



WATER-WORKS. 51 

Upwards of 81 miles in the city proper only. The water 
is also supplied to the districts of Southwark and Moyamensing 
through 26J miles of pipes more. During the year 1850, the 
supply of water to the city and lower districts averaged through- 
out the whole year 4,785,338 ale gallons per day. The average 
supply for the months of June and July, was however 6,247,209 
gallons per day. This supply was furnished to 27,550 water 
tenants. In the city, there are 648 fire hydrants, for use in 
case of fire, and in the lower districts 272 more. The amount 
of water rents for 1851, per duplicate books, is $138,874 42. 
The water-works at Fairmount were started July 1, 1822, 
and from the commencement to December 31, 1850, including 
the cost of erection, and with the yearly ^idditions to the works 
themselves, together with the extensions of the iron pipes in 
the city each year, they have cost 81,615,169 82. The whole 
of these works (with the exception of the dam across the river), 
including the plan of distribution of the water in the city, were 
designed and executed by the late Frederick Graff, Esq. ; and for 
efficiency and simplicity are not exceeded by any similar works 
now in operation. — The City of Philadelphia was the first in 
the United States that possessed a water-works, it being sup- 
plied by steam power previous to the erection of the present 
works at Fairmount; it has therefore served as a model for 
almost all public improvements of this kind erected in the 
country. 

Spring GtArden and Northern Liberties Water-works. 
— Situated on the east side of the River Schuylkill, about 
one mile above Fairmount. The engine-house is of granite, 
constructed in the Egyptian style ; the chimney is 83 feet high, 
5 feet 8 inches in diameter at the bottom, and 6 feet 4 inches 
at the top, constructed with double walls throughout. 

The building contains three expansive condensing engines, 
and three double-acting forcing pumps. The steam cylinders 



52 PHILADELPHIA AS IT IS. 

VOZiIilVCER & CO., 
UPHOLSTERERS AND CABINETMAKERS, 

Southeast corner Eleventh and Chestnut Streets, 

a MOORE, 
STATIONERY, PERFUMERY, TOY & FANCY STORE, 

No. 306 Chestnut Street, above Eleventh, 

OPPOSITE GIRARB r>OW, 

CARDS NEATLY ENGRAVED AND PRINTED. 

^mm "^mw mij^^ (§®mwA^^^ 

N. E. Corner Chestnut and Sixth Streets, 

(opposite the state house), 

Sell the very finest Hat that can be made, for 

THREE DOLLARS. 

As they manufacture but one quality, and have but one price, 
every person, whether a judge of the article or not, may rely upon 
receiving a hat that is perfect in every respect. 

For New York, Boston, and all Towns in the New England States, 
also Albany and Buffalo ; and west, to Cincinnati, Chicago, Detroit, 
St. Louis, and all principal places in the Western States ; also south, 
to New Orleans, and all Southern cities. 

LIVINGSTON & Co., 

Nos* 41 and 43 Soutli Third Street. 

N. B. For Reading, Pottsville, and principal Towns in Berks, 
Schuylkill, Columbia, and Luzerne Counties, 

HOWARD, EARL & Co., 

Nos. 41 and 43 South Third Street. 



GAS-WORKS. 53 

are 36 inches diameter, and 6 feet stroke ; the pump cylinders 
are 18 inches diameter, and 6 feet stroke. The fly-wheel 
attached to one engine is 18 feet in diameter, the rim weigh- 
ing 8840 lbs. ; the working velocity is about 13 revolutions 
per minute. 

The boilers are each 13 feet 8 inches in length, by 7 feet 9 
inches; they are so arranged that either engine may receive 
steam from one or both boilers : the steam-pipes, &c., are 
clothed in woollen and cased in wood ; the boilers are enclosed 
with brick : average working pressure of steam is 16 lbs. to the 
square inch, and the cut-off valves are worked at half stroke. 

There are two ascending mains, of 18 inches diameter each. 
Total distance from the pump to the reservoir, is 3250 feet; 
the elevation of the reservoir from low-water mark is 115 feet. 

The reservoir is beautifully situated a short distance to the 
west of Girard College ; it is capable of containing 9,800,000 
gallons; its depth is 15 feet, the banks of which are com- 
posed of earth, the whole being lined with a course of clay 
and gravel puddle-stuff, and faced with a brick pavement, laid 
in the bottom flat, and edgewise on the sides. It is divided 
into two apartments. 

There are two distributing mains, 16 inches diameter each. 

This valuable work was completed, at a cost of $159,071: 65, 
in the year 1845. 

GAS-WORKS. 
SCHUYLKILL FRONT AND MAEKET STREETS. 

In the year 1835, the erection of the Philadelphia Gas-works 
was authorized by the corporation of the city, and a moderate 
outlay contemplated, for the purpose of testing the economy 
and usefulness of such an establishment. Many of our most 
intelligent citizens doubted the propriety of such an uuder- 



54 PHILADELPHIA AS IT IS. 

EQUITABLE MUTUAL LIFE INSURANCE, 

ANNUITY, AND TRUST COMPANY. 

CHARTER PERPETUAL. 

Office, N. E. Cor. Chestnut and Fourth Sts. 

This Company offers, to persons about to insure their lives, the 
combined advantages of the Joint Stock and Mutual systems. The 
insured become members of the Corporation, with the right to vote 
at elections for Trustees, — and are not liable for any losses or ex- 
penses of the Company. All the profits — not an occasional bonus only 
— are annually divided among the members of the Corporation, while 
the security is afforded of a large capital, safely invested. 

RATES FOR INSURING $100 ON A SINGLE LIFE. 



Vge. 


For 1 year. 




For 7 years. 


For Life. 


20 
30 
40 
50 
59 


80 

99 

$1 29 

1 86 

3 48 




91 
SI 30 

1 64 

2 07 

3 97 


$1 60 
2 04 

2 70 

3 94 
6 03 




Other 


ages in proportion. 





Persons about to insure their lives, are invited, previously, to com- 
pare the above rates with those elsewhere offered. 

Annuities granted; also, Benefits, Endowments, &c. ; and Trusts 
executed on the most favourable terms. Forms of application. Pam- 
phlets of explanation, and all particulars, may be had at this office. 

TRUSTEES. 
Peter Cullen, Stilwell S. Bishop, 

William M. Baird, John B. Biddle, M.D., 

Wm. G. Alexander, Edward Y. Farquhar, 

William Craig, Joseph W. Throckmorton, 

Francis West, M.D., Selah Hart, Jr., 

William H. Loper, John Beynolds, 

J. Pemberton Pleasants, George M. Fleming, 

Abraham S. Wolf, Henry L. Elder. 

Wm. H. Keichline, 

PETER CULLEN, President. 

WM. M. BAIRD, Vice-President. 
J. D. MILES, Secretary. 

Francis West, M.D., and J. B. Biddle, M.D., Medical Examiners, 
attend at the Office, from 12 to 2, p. m., daily. 

Elisha S. Warne, General Agent for the City and County. 



GAS-WORKS. 55 

taking ; and although its accomplishment was secured without 
any liability on the part of the city, they shrunk from what 
was considered a novel and unsafe means of furnishing arti- 
ficial light. Now, happily, all these apprehensions have yielded 
to an enlarged experience, and we question whether there is 
any respectable member of the community willing to abandon 
a system, that, so far, has worked so well. Indeed, in the pos- 
session of the Fairmount Water-works and the Philadelphia 
Gas-works, our citizens occupy a position of proud superiority 
over those of her sister cities. 

The entire area occupied by this establishment is about 
seven acres and a half, with a river front of 800 feet. The 
buildings constituting the works are arranged into two gene- 
ral divisions, A and B, but conveniently described as the old 
and new works. Each division is composed of subordinate 
sections, numbered 1, 2, 3, 4, in the old, and 1 and 2 in the 
new group. 

Every section is a complete and independent gas factory, 
capable of being worked unconnected with all the others, as a 
separate and distinct establishment, but the whole are ar- 
ranged symmetrically, and are susceptible of connexion, so 
that gas produced in any section may be passed through the 
purifying apparatus and meter of any other, at will. 

The separate buildings comprise two retort-houses, two puri- 
fying-houses, two meter-rooms, containing six station meters 
and four conical governors, two ranges of workshops, and coke- 
sheds and offices, three coal-stores, two perpetual lime-kilns, 
and eleven gas-holders. 

The retort-houses are 195 feet long and 48 feet wide, com- 
prising eight sections, containing 240 retorts ; they are built of 
brick, and rest upon arches supported by cast iron girders, 
giving space for the storage of over 50,000 bushels of coal 
beneath the floors ', the roof frames are of wrought iron, covered 
with slate ; the height of the chimneys is 100 feet. 



56 



PHILADELPHIA AS IT IS. 



CITY CABINET WAREHOUSE, 

No. 173 Chestnut Street, 






o 



o 

o 

I— I 

<! 
P^ 
P 



(opposite ixdependexce hall.) 




P 11 E N" I T XJ 



o 
o 



o 
cl 

u 

o 

U 
o 



'5 



In every style, comprising Louis XIV., Louis XV., Elizabethan, 
Antique, and Modern Style, in Rosewood, Walnut, Mahogany, Satin- 
wood and Maple, all of superior construction, and finished in the 
best style, equal to, if not excelling in quality, the goods of any Es- 
tablishment in the United States. Constantly on hand 

e ED i T ^ I i i, 

For Bedsteads, Drawing-room, Bed-room, and Dining-room Windows. 



GAS-WORKS. 57 

The range of offices, meter-room, and workshop, belonging 
to the old works, is 133 feet by 20, the coke-shed 170 by 24 
feet, and the coal-shed 80 by 50 feet, arranged around a 
hollow square. The extent of the range of offices, smithshop, 
and meter-house of the new works, is 122 by 120 feet ; the coke- 
shed, store-rooms, &c., 270 by 22 feet. 

Between the retort-houses is a^i underground coal-store, 40 
by 190 feet, capable of containing 40,000 bushels. 

The lime-kilns are built of stone, in the usual form of per- 
petual kilns. 

The southern coal-store is constructed in four sections, 100 
feet long, 30 feet wide, joined side by side, so that they consti" 
tute one building, 100 by 120 feet, with a roof supported on 
stone piers 18 feet high; its capacity is about 200,000 bushels. 

The old works contain 8 gas-holders, of 50 feet diameter 
and 35,000 cubic feet capacity each. Of those connected with 
the new division, two are of 80 feet diameter, containing 
200,000 cubic feet each, and one of 140 feet diameter, with a 
capacity of one million cubic feet ! all of the telescope form. 
The guide frames of these gas-holders are entirely of cast iron ; 
those of the 80-feet holders, are composed of 6 stands of fluted 
columns, arranged in pairs, with an entablature to each pair, 
and raised to three tiers in height, there being 36 columns to 
each gas-holder, the whole bound together at the top by iron 
open-work girders. The large holder is guided by twelve sets 
of columns, standing in groups of three, raised four tiers high ; 
the lower tier is of the Tuscan, the second Doric, the third 
Ionic, and the upper the Corinthian order of architecture. 
The number of columns is 144, and the whole height of the 
structure above the coping of the tank, is seventy-four feet, and 
the depth of the tank thirty-six feet. 

A high standard of illuminating quality of gas has been 
adopted and constantly maintained at these works, by the use 



58 PHILADELPHIA AS IT IS. 

WM. H. PATTON, 

IMPORTER AND MANUFACTURER OF 

BORDERS, CHIMNEY ORNAMENTS, 

AND 

CURTAIN PAPERS. 

Special attentiou of Purchasers is invited to his fine assortment of 

FAFBR HANaiNGS, 

UNEQUALLED IN STYLE, QUALITY, AND VARIETY ; 

SUCH AS 

VtWyti auTr ^oltr, Crimson, antJ ^atiit (S^rouu^js, 

FOR PARLOURS AND DRAWING-ROOMS ; 

TOGETHER WITH 

PANELLING, MOULDINGS, AND IMITATION WOODS, 

IN EVERY VARIETY, 

FOR 

^[E©'u'[I[g[!iJ[LE© AM© [K]A[L[L©a 

ALSO THE USUAL ASSORTMENT OP 

COlVEiyEON VTAXiI. PAPERS, 

AT ALL PRICES. WHOLESALE AND RETAIL, 

FOR CASH ONLY, OR CITY ACCEPTANCES. 

No. 110 Chestnut Street, second door below the Custom House, 

(Opposite the United States Hotel,) 

and at No. 93 North Sixth Street, 

PHILADELPHIA, 



GAS-WORKS. 59 

of the proper varieties of coals, or by the addition of a propor- 
tion of resin when the coals should chance to fall below the 
proper standard. 

The quality aimed at, is that designated ^^ twenty-candle 
gas 'j^ that is to say, the light of an argand burner, consuming 
four feet an hour, is equal to that of twenty sperm candles, 
six to the pound : this quality has generally been obtained, 
without the aid of resin, by the use of certain varieties of coals 
from the western part of our own State. 

The quantity of gas manufactured during the year, is one 
hundred and eighty-two millions and sixteen thousand cubic 
feet. The maximum production in 24 hours is eight hundred 
and eighty-seven thousand cubic feet. The highest consumption 
during the same period was one million and twelve thousand 
feet. A more definite notion of the magnitude of this volume 
of gas will be obtained, by converting it into gallons, of which 
it will make seven and a half millions, or about the same as the 
daily consumption of hydrant water in the summer months. 

The extent of main pipes laid in the streets, is five hundred 
thousand two hundred and sixty-seven feet, or about 94 1 
miles I The number of meters in use is 9,238, and the whole 
number of customers pn the books, is 9,216, using 115,004 
lights, besides 1,464 in the streets, 50 in the market-houses, 
and 62 in the public squares. The total extent of street, 
main, and ser \o pipe, is nearl}^ 115 miles. 

Extensive as are these works, it appears that they will not 
be adequate to supply the increasing demand ; it is therefore 
proposed to erect new works. A desirable location has been 
obtained for this purpose, containing about 70 acres, at Point 
Breeze, immediately on the banks of the River Schuylkill, in 
which additional works are to be erected at once. It is con- 
templated, in time, to remove the old works to this place 
entirely. 



GO PHILADELPHIA AS IT IS. 



ANATOMICAL PREPARATIONS. 

The subscriber begs leave to inform the Medical Profession that he 
has and will keep a supply of Anatomical Preparations, of a superior 
quality, imported by him from France, such as 

Skeletons, articulated and disarticulated. 

Heads, with jaw articulated. 

Heads, disarticulated. 

Heads, disarticulated and remounted, with the different pieces mov- 
able — (a handsome article). 

Heads, sawed, and showing the internal and middle ear, nasal sep- 
tum, &c. — (a splendid article). 

Preparations of internal and middle ear, with the nerves, &c. 

Temporal bones, showing the internal and middle ear, mounted. 

Carved jaws, demonstrating the first and second dentitions. 

Preparations of the external carotid artery and the internal max- 
illary, with their branches. 

Preparations of the fifth pair of nerves, with its branches. 

Hands and feet, articulated. 

Hands and feet, mounted. 

He has also an assortment of Gum Elastic Catheters and Bougies, 
of different shapes ; also Wax Bougies, direct from the best manu- 
facturer in France, — (a very superior article) ; also the ordinary 
quality. 

GEORGE ASHMEAD, 

Dniggistj 

No. 235 Market Street, one door above Sixth, Philadelphia. 



GEORGE ASHMEAD, 

DRVaaiST AND CHZSIMCZST, 

No. Wj Market Street, above Sixth, Philadelphia, 

Has always a general assortment of carefully-selected Drugs, Me- 
dicines, and Chemicals ; also Surgical and Cupping Instruments, 
Syringes, and Glassware. Physicians may rely on the Chemical and 
Pharmaceutical preparations being of a superior quality, most of 
which are prepared under my immediate supervision. Medical stu- 
dents supplied with such articles as appertain to the profession. 

All orders sent will be filled with such medicines as shall give satis- 
faction, and at the most reasonable prices for the like quality. 



THE NAVY YARD. 61 

Spring Garden District Gas-works are located on the 
east bank of the Schuylkill, below Fairmount. 

Northern Liberties Gas-works are situated on Laurel 
near Beach Street. 

The Navy Yard.— This national establishment is situated 
on the banks of the River Delaware in the District of Southwark. 
The grounds embrace about twelve acres, which were purchased 
by the General Government, in 1801, for the sum of $37,500. 
The present assessment is $250,000. By an act of Assembly, 
passed in 1818, no street is to be run through the property, 
while occupied for its present purpose. The area is enclosed on 
three sides by a substantial brick wall ; the fourth side fronts 
on the river. The various buildings are the officers' residence, 
quarters for the marines, &c., the moulding lofts (the most spa- 
cious in the country for modelling ships of war), workshops 
and store-houses,— and two ship-houses, one of them being 
the largest in the United States. It is 270 feet long, 103 feet 
high, and 84 feet wide. The other house is 210 feet in length, 
80 in height, and 74 in width. 
To the south of these houses is 

The United States Dry Docks.— They consist of a 
Sectional Floating Dry Dock of nine sections, capable of raising 
the largest steam vessels and ships of the line. Nine years' ex- 
perience in the harbour of New York, has proved that this 
dock for the repairing of vessels possesses the greatest facility 
for docking, and that it has many advantages over the ordinary 
stone dock. When the vessel is raised from the water, she 
rests upon keel and bilge, blocks, her entire length being sup- 
ported by them or by shoring, if desirable, upon a floor as long 
as may be required, and 105 feet wide. Her keel being above 
the surfoce of the water, her whole bottom and bilge are ex- 

G 



62 PHILADELPHIA AS IT IS. 

CHILSON'S PATENT AIR WARMING 

AND 

Final Improvements Patented Novemtoer 19tli, 1851, 

FOR THOROUGHLY WARMING AND VENTILATING DWELLINGS, CHURCHES. 
SCHOOLHOUSES. COURTHOUSES. HOSPITALS, STORES. ETC. 

A complete and perfect system of ventilating, as well as warming 
buildings, with an abundant supply of fresh, healthful warm air, 
(uninjured in the process of warming by overheated iron) creating a 
salubrious atmosphere in the apartments warmed, not unlike that of 
a mild summer's day. This invention is unlike anything of the 
common hot air furnaces or heater kind, and is the result of many 
years' thorough practical experience in the invention and manufac- 
ture of various kinds of heaters, and in fully developing and perfect- 
ing this principle. Every part of this Furnace and plan of setting it 
have been thoroughly subjected to the most severe practical tests, to 
insure its perfect operation, in every respect, in accordance with the 
laws of nature that govern the elements of air and heat. Particular 
care has been paid to attain the following points, viz. : to secure all 
the heat generated from the fuel, and avoid all overheated pots or 
plates ; to prevent the escape and loss of heat in cellars ; to connect 
the joints so as to allow expansion, and yet proof against the escape 
of smoke or gas ; to insure great durability. Unlike the common 
furnaces, it requires no repairs, with ordinary care, during a lifetime. 
It is perfectly safe against firing buildings. It is not complicated in 
its arrangement, nor liable to get out of order, and easily managed. 

We are permitted to refer to over eight hundred gentlemen having 
these furnaces in use, some in public, and others in private buildings, 
many of whom are professional gentlemen, whose scientific attain- 
ments in such matters are well known. 

These Furnaces have been exhibited four times at the recent fairs, 
and have received as first premiums one Gold and three Silver 
Medals; also the highest premium at the AVorld's Fair. 

We have also five sizes of a superior Portable Furnace, combining 
the principles of the Brick Furnace ; also a complete assortment of 
Registers, Hot Air Grates, Ventilators, and every v.ariety of Warming 
and Ventilating Apparatus, adapted to all classes of buildings. 

Also a full assortment of those beautiful and substantial Metallic 
or Mirror Marble Chimney Mantels, Parlour and Chamber Frame 
Grates, Cooking Ranges, &c. For sale. Wholesale and Retail, at the 

WAKMING AND VENTILATING WAREHOUSE, 

Not 146 Walnut Street, Pliilaclelpliia* 

Agent and Importer of Patent Encaustic Tiles, for flooring Churches, 
Stores, Vestibules, kc. 

S. A. HARRISON. 



UNITED STATES DRY DOCK. 63 

posed to liglit, and dry air, enabling mechanics to work at a 
much less cost, and with less danger to health, than when con- 
fined to the narrow and wet bottom of a stone dock, rendered 
dark by the projection of the bilge and guards of a vessel. 

In connexion with this Floating Dry Dock, a basin and two 
sets of level ways have been constructed, multiplying the capacity 
of the works to that of three of the largest stone docks in the 
world, each set of ways being fitted to receive the largest steam 
vessel or ship of the line. The bottom of the basin is hori- 
zontal, and 350 feet long, by 226 feet wide, enclosed by a wall 
of granite, except upon the river front, three feet higher than 
ordinary high tides. The floor and the walls of the basin rest 
upon a pile foundation, capped with heavy timbers, covered with 
6 inch plank, over which a granite floor, 10 inches thick, has 
been laid. The masonry of the works is all laid in hydraulic 
cement. The ways also rest upon piles, capped with timber, 
covered with large blocks of granite. 

When a vessel requires extensive repairs, the floating dock, 
with the vessel on it, is made to rest on the solid floor of the 
basin, by letting water into it; a sliding frame, or cradle, is 
placed under her keel and bilges, and a powerful hydraulic cy- 
linder, connected with the centre way, is attached to the cradle. 
She is then slid from the floating dock by the hydraulic power 
upon one of the sets of ways. 

The contract price for the Sectional Floating Dry Dock, was 
^402,683; and for the basin, two railways, hydraulic cylinder, 
&c., $411,059, making for the three capacities or docks the 
total sum of $813,742. 

These works were commenced in the month of January, 1849, 
and completed in the month of June, 1851. Colonel Burnett, 
U. S. Engineer, superintended their construction. 



64 PHILADELPHIA AS IT IS. 



C. BARRINGTON, 



WILLIAM BARRINGTON, 



No. 9 Goldsmiths' Hall, Library Street. 
Plans of Coal and other Estates drawn with neatness and despatch. 

DEXgrT/LXi DSFOT. 

JOHN KLEIN & CO., 

MANUFACTUREES OF THE LATEST IMPROVED TEETH, 
No. m North Eighth Street, PhUadelphia. 

On hand, a general assortment of Teeth, Gold Foil, Plate, Wire, 
Springs, Files, Instruments, Materials, &c.. Wholesale and Retail. 
Blocks Carved and Teeth Mounted for Dentists. 

BURTON & LANING, 

MANUFACTUKERS AND IMPORTERS OF 

]Vo. 14^ Arch Street, 

(between sixth and seventh, south side,) 
PHILADELPHIA. 

SILVER MEDAL AWARDED. 

m^ MID ^mm mmmmm, 

AND MOROCCO CASE MANUFACTURER, 
No. 84 South Third Street, Third Story, 

(northwest corner of third and walnut streets,) 

|)l)ilabelpl)ia. 



TEACHER OF MECHANICAL, ARCHITECTURAL, AND LANDSCAPE 

'liiiiiii ''liiiMU i«j'a '.m'.m k W'i.u %iu.ii y^ 'ui"iiil ■,iiiiD \i Vlu 'liil 'iai"iiil 'Si Ijl ''iii'iial 'Ciiifl 1]^ 

'ii 

No. 62 Filbert St., South Side, below Tenth, 
And at No. 1 Olive St., above Tenth, Spring Garden. 

Instruction given to Schools and Families. Drawings made for 
Patents, and Designs of all kinds executed to order. 



UNITED STATES MINT. 



65 




UNITED STATES MINT. 



The United States Mint.— This national establishment 
is located in Chestnut near Broad Street. The act of. Con- 
gress for the establishment and regulation of a Mint was 
passed in 1792. In 1829 an additional act was passed for 
the enlargement of its operations, and in the same year the 
corner-stone of the present building was laid. It presents a 
front of 122 feet, divided into a portico 62 feet long, and two 
wings 30 feet each. The structure is of the Ionic order, taken 
from a Grecian temple at Athens. The portico is supported 
by six beautiful pillars, 25 feet high, and 3 feet in diameter. It 
is a brick edifice faced with marble ashlar.— This is a suitable 
and extensive establishment for the purpose of coinage. The 
steam engine and mechanical contrivances used in the milling, 
stamping, &c., are the most beautiful that can be imagined. 
Visiters are admitted every day from 9 to 12 o'clock, except 

Saturdays and Sundays. 

6* 



6G 



PHILADELPHIA AS IT IS. 




OUNATflUNTAlM & .A.RCHITZ:CTURiSLXi CiiRVSR, 

(sign of the eagle,) 

Wortlieast corner Second and Dock Streets, fourth story. 

Residence, Wallace Street above 11th, Spring Garden. 

THE CHEAP BOOKSTORE. 

'■• Small profits and quick sales."" 

©Aii^otitLs (^ ©[>!aa'ir[Kig 

DEALERS IN NEW AND SECONDHAND 

BOOKS, 

S6 North Sixth Street, above Market, Philadelphia. 

Keep constantly on hand and for sale, a large assortment of Old 
and New Theological, Classical, School and Miscellaneous Books, 
Wholesale or Retail, at very low prices. Monthly Catalogues re- 
ceived, and Books imported, to order, from London. 

OSCAR Co Bo CARTER, 

PIANO-FORTES, HARPS, ORGANS, 

SERAPHINES, MELODEONS, ETC., 

FROM 

NEW YORK, BOSTON, AND PHILADELPHIA MANUFACTURERS. 
Warelioiisc, No. 171 Cliestiiiit Street, Philadelpliia* 



PMDt^EElLPHm /ae/aE)E[iY ®F RAM 

No. 171 Chestnut Street. 
O. C. B. CARTER, 

PRINCIPAL, 

PROFESSOR ANDREA ALFESI, 

TEACHER AT THE HEAD OF THE MALE DEPARTMENT. 

MLLE. HELENE SCHAAFF, 

TEAGHER AT THE HEAD OF THE FEMALE DEPARTMENT. 



m, 



PHILADELPHIA POST-OFFICE. 67 

Philadelphia Post-Office. — There is no possible event 
that would cause so great a revolution in the world, as the 
cessation of ''The Post." It would be a sort of imprisonment 
to the universal mind — a severing of affections — a congelation 
of thought. It would be building up a wall of separation 
between the hearts of mother and child, husband and wife, and 
brother and sister; it would raise Alps between the breasts of 
friend and friend, and extinguish, as with an ocean, the love 
that is now breathed out in all its glowing fervour, despite time 
and space. 

If ever man deserved a monument, it was the inventor of 
writing. Who was he ? It is the next best gift to life itself; 
but without the medium of the post, it would be divested of 
half its advantages. Grovernment and the wealthy, it is true, 
could send their messengers ; but these would not avail to any 
extent the merchant, and not at all the tradesman or artisan, 
who now can receive the most needful intelligence, or kindest 
effusions of regard, from any distance for almost nothing. 

To depict all the interests connected with the post, would be 
to read the history of human life ; there is no interest that con- 
cerns the happiness of man carried on and perfected without it. 
It is the most perfect system of intercourse that has ever been 
devised, — it scatters wealth and joy in a thousand directions; 
no place is too remote, no village too insignificant for it to visit. 
Like the sun dispensing light, it goes its daily round. 

The first post established in this city, was in 1683 ; when Wil- 
liam Penn granted authority to Henry Waldy to hold one from 
Philadelphia to New Castle, whence it connected with one to 
Maryland. This post went once per week. 

In 1700, an act was passed by the Assembly for the esta- 
blishment of a post-office. . In 1753, the daily delivery of letters 
in the city by carriers, was introduced. In the following year, 
a mail was established, three times a week, between New York 



68 



PHILADELPHIA AS IT II 



cc 

CD* 



JENKINS &, CO., 




-o 

C3 



GO 



NorthAVCst Corner of Market and Ninth Streets, 

PHILADELPHIA. 

)|@^ The Senior Partner resided seven years in China, engaged in 

the Tea trade. 

JONES'S 

iiS(SiiiASJ©ii m ® "1^ m JLi^ 

Nos. 77 & 79 Dock St., Pliilatlelpliia. 

(Opposite the Exchange and Post Office.) 
CONDUCTED ON THE EUROPEAN PLAN. 
Gentlemen accommodated with Rooms, transiently, or by the week 
or month, with meals at any hour, or not, as they may please. 

KELIiT & BROTHER, 



Aim® 



^$i) 



NO. 174 CHESTNUT STREET, 

(opposite the WASHINGTON HOUSE,) 

pililabelpliia. 

SEED AND AGRICULTURAL WAREHOUSE, 
No. 29 Market Street, |3l)Uabelpl)ia. 

Manufacturer and Dealer in all the most approved Agricultural 
and Horticultural Implements, Imported and American Field and 
Garden Seed, Fruit, Shade, and Ornamental Trees, Guano, Poudrette, 
&c. — Inventor and Manufacturer of the Cast Steel Extending-Point 
Surface and Subsoil Ploughs. 



PHILADELPHIA POST-OFFICE. 69 

tmd Philadelphia, and new and general regulations introduced 
for the carrying of the mail throughout the country ; for these 
improvements we are indebted to Benjamin Franklin, the then 
postmaster. In 1775, the second Congress established a gene- 
ral post-office, under a postmaster-general, located in this city ; 
Franklin was appointed to the office, with a salary of $1000 
per annum. The communication between distant places at 
that period (yet it is but a day in the history of our country), 
was very uncertain. The following amusing instance will 
illustrate the slow and incorrect manner in which news was 
then transmitted, and shows us, by an extract from an old 
newspaper of 1777, published at Nottingham, England, how 
much in actual advance we are of the " good old times." ^' On 
November the 8th, news was received in this town of the total 
defeat of Washington's army in America, by the British forces 
under Sir William Howe, on Long Island, near New York.* 
Great was the rejoicing thereat; the church bells were rung 
the people met in crowds in the streets, and congratulated each 
other, speeches were made, guns were fired, and some enthu- 
siastic spirits, not content with these demonstrations, procured 
a donkey and sat an effigy of Washington upon it, which after 
being paraded about, was finally burnt with great triumph, at 
night. The glorious news was further confirmed this morning 
by a letter received at the Duke of Newcastle's house at 
Clumber Park.'' We wonder if an extraordinary gazette ever 
arrived with a full confirmation of the glorious defeat ? 

Since the Revolution, great changes and improvements have 
been introduced into this national establishment. The mind 
can hardly realize the vast extent of its operations ; keeping 
up communications, as it does, not only with every portion of 
our own country, but with the whole world. From its centre 
at Washington, its rays diverge in all directions. 

* This battle was fought on the 27th of August, 177G. 



70 PHILADELPHIA AS IT IS. 

TAILORING AND GENTLEMEN'S FURNISHING ESTABLISHMENT, 

No. 19 South Fifth Street. 



JAMES NOLEN' S 

and Picture-Frame 

Arch Street below Nintli* 



Looking-Glass and Picture-Frame Manufactory, 



G, PARKSR CUMMINGS, 

OFFICE, WALNUT STREET ABOVE SIXTH, 

CORNER OF SWANWICK STREET, UP STAIRS. 

Blood's Despatch Post delivers Letters, Papers, Business and 
Invitation Cards, and Messages of every kind, throughout the City 
and Districts, at 

ONE CENT EACH LETTER, PREPAID. 

Directed or undirected Circulars, in quantities, distributed at very 
low rates. Special Messengers always ready at the Office, 26 South 
Sixth Street. 

DANIEL 0. BLOOD, ) p . , 

CHAS. KOCHERSPERGER, / ^ ^oprietors. 

HALL & BOARDMAN, 

MANUFACTURERS OF 

BRITA£?NIA IVARi:, 

IN ALL ITS BRANCHES, 

Nos. n & 95 Arch Street, below Third, 
331)ilaXrelpI)ia. 

WM, M. M'CLURE & BROTHER, 

AND 

TOOL WAREHOUSE, 

EXCLUSIVELY. 

No. 287 Blarkct Street, below Eighth. 



PHILADELPHIA PO ST-OEFICE. 71 

The Branch establishment in Philadelphia, is in the base- 
ment story of the Exchange Building, Third and Dock Streets. 
It is open daily, from 7 A. M. to 7 P. M., and two hours in the 
morning on Sundays. The Eastern mail closes at 3| p. M. ; 
the Western at 7 P. M. ; Southern at 7 P. M. ; and the Northern 
at 5 o'clock A. M. 

The officers are W. J. P. White, postmaster ; J. E. Latta, 
chief clerk ; J. C. Montgomery, superintendent, assisted by 
forty-five clerks, thirty-eight carriers, and four collectors. 

In addition to the usual post-office facilities, Philadelphia 
possesses the advantage of the most complete City Post in this 
country. Blood's Despatch Post, conducted by Messrs. Blood 
and Kochersperger, was established in 1845, and was for a long 
time considered a doubtful experiment. By its attention to 
the public interest, and by continued improvement, it has now 
become a necessary convenience to business men and families. 

Several hundred box stations are scattered over the city, 
from which letters are collected every two hours; and thousands 
of letters are thus collected and distributed daily. Careful, 
intelligent men only are employed as carriers, and as each 
letter is stamped with the date and hour of delivery, great 
promptness and reliability arc obtained. 



72 PHILADELPHIA AS IT IS. 

JOHIT IVC. BX7TZ.ER, 

DESIGNING, ENGRAVING, AND PLATE PRINTING, 

IN ALL THEIR VARIOUS BRANCHES. 
Hart's Building, N. £• Corner of Sixtli and Cliestniit Streets* 

DAVID ROBERTS, 

^utflCcal anti J^ecitanical BtntinU 

NO. 132 SPRUCE STREET, 
(One door below Fourth St.) 

FRENCH LOOKING-GLASS DEPOT. 

HENRY S. YEAGER, 
No. 96 Walnut Street, above Fourth. 

A splendid assortment of Mantel and Pier Mirrors constantly on hand. 

MANUPACTORY, 

NO. 86 MARKET STREET, 

J)I)ilabcl|3l)ia. 
J. & D. SELLERS & CO., 

No. 231 Market Street, Pliiladelpliia, 

(north side, first house below sixth street,) 

MANUFACTURERS OF WIRE-WORK, WIRE-CLOTH. AND SIEVES 

OF ALL DESCRIPTIONS. 

Riveted Fire and Garden Hose, Leather Belting for Mills and 
Machinery, Suction Hose, Fire-Buckets, Rivets and Burs, &c. 

Also constantly on hand, from the best makers, and for sale. Iron, 
Brass, and Copper Wire, Machine Cards, Comb-Plate, Card-Cleaners, 
Manufacturers' Articles, &c. 

MELLOY & FORD, 

MANUFACTURERS OF 

PLAIN AND JAPANNED TIN WAKE, 

AND 

No. 291 Market Street, between Seventh and Eighth, 

PHILADELPHIA. 
House Pipes, Heads, and Gutter Tin. Repairing at the lowest prices. 



PLACES OP AMUSEMENT. 



73 



CHAPTER II. 



PLACES OF AMUSEMENT. 




pi 



Si ^ 

':;5^'MS!iiil| 




CHESTNUT STREET THEATRE. 



The Chestnut Street Theatre (in Chestnut above Sixth 
Street), in point of architectural beauty, is the most elegant in 
the city. It was erected from designs by Wm. Strickland, in 
1822. The entrance front is an arcade, supporting a screen of 
Composite columns, flanked by two wings, in which are niches 
containing statues of Comedy and Tragedy by Rush. Imme- 
diately below these are semicircular recesses, with basso-re- 
lievos representing the tragic and comic Muses. 

7 



74 PHILADELPHIA AS IT IS. 

[lau©©!!© [Ki[i(^[i[fJ3 

TEACHERS OF 

illnsic, (German, irrcncl), iUratoinci, anb Jlainting, 

No. 35 South Tenth Street, above Walnut. 

Ka (^ Wa ©u ©O^SLLII &, ©©=.3 
IMPORTERS AND WHOLESALE DEALERS IN FOREIGN AND DOMESTIC 

HARDWARE, CUTLERY, GUNS, AND HEAVY GOODS, 

No. 47 Market Street, and Nos. 22 & 24 Jones's Alley. 
OF PHILADELPHIA. 

CAPITAL, §400,000. INVESTED FUND, $1,350,000. 

CHARLES N. BANCKER, DIRECTORS. ADOLPHE E. BORIE, 

THOMAS HART, SAMUEL GRANT, GEO. W. RICHARDS, DAVID S. BROWN, 

TOBIAS WAGNER, JACOB R. SMITH, MORDECAI D. LEWIS, MORRIS PATTERSON, 

CHAS. G. BANCKER, Secretary. CHAS. N. BANCKER, President. 

JOSEPH RIMBT. N. S. LAWRENCE. 

RIMBY & LAWRENCE, 

Paperj Printers' Cards, and Rag Warehouse, 

No. 5 Minor Street, 
PHILADELPHIA. 

BLANCHARD & ROCK, 

MANUFACTURERS AND IMPORTERS OF 

PA PEE HANGINGS, 

No. 165 Chestnut Street, 

(North side, third door below Fifth,) 

E. B. FOSTER, 

AND MANUFACTURER OF 

STENCIL MARKING PLATES, 

PATENT CANVASS PRINTING, AWNING & CANVASS WORK, ETC., 
No. 260 North Third Street. 



PLACES OF AMUSEMENT. /O 

The principal approach to the boxes is from Chestnut Street, 
through au arcade of five entrances, opening into a vestibule, 
communicating at each end with the Box-office and the Mana- 
ger's Room. Screen doors, immediately opposite, and corre- 
sponding to the entrance of the arcade, lead from the vestibule 
into spacious lobbies, from whence two flights of ample stair- 
ways conduct to the second and third floors, and to a splendid 
saloon and coffee-rooms on the second floor. 

The audience part of the house is a semicircle of 45 -feet 
in diameter, containing three rows of boxes, resting on cast 
iron columns, and secured with iron sockets, from the 
foundation to the dome ; the whole being combined laterally 
with a strong wall, bounding the lobbies and supporting the 
roof. The dress circle of the boxes is on a line with the 
columns, covered with a canopy. The dome is 46 feet in 
diameter, rising 6 feet to the crown, which is perforated and 
formed into a ventilator. The interior is richly decorated. 

The dimensions of the building are 90 by 150 feet. Exclu- 
sive of the lobbies it will accommodate over 2000 persons; and 
the doorways, which open outwards, are so wide and numerous, 
as to discharge the most crowded audience in less than five 
minutes. 

Walnut Street Theatre, corner of Walnut and Ninth 
Streets. This was formerly called the '^ Olympic." It was built 
in 1809, as a Circus. In 1828, the building was enlarged and 
improved, under the superintendence of Mr. Haviland, and is 
now the most fashionable theatre in Philadelphia. It is 90 
feet fronting on Walnut Street, and 146 feet in depth on Ninth 
Street. 

Arch Street Theatre is an elegant edifice, situated in 
Arch Street above Sixth. There is no place of amusement in 
this city where the public are better catered for, or where the 
amusements arc more varied than at the ''Arch," novelties 

V 



76 PHILADELPHIA AS IT IS. 

HAY & M'DEVITT, 

34 Market Street, 

FOR THE SALE OP 

COTTON, WOOLLEN, AND WORSTED YARNS, 

AND DOMESTIC GOODS. 

®Q m^ (Si ^ 5B 0) S SJo 

(successor to garden & BROWN,) 

HAT AND CAP WAREHOUSE AND MANUFACTORY, 

NO. 196 MARKET STREET, 

(second door BELOW SIXTH STREET,) 

pjila"Del})l)ia. 

ORNAMENTAL IRON WORKS, 

Ridge Road above Buttonwood Street, Philadelphia. 

ROBERTWOOD 

IMANUFACTURES EVERY DESCRIPTION OF 

IRON RAILINGS AND VERANDAHS, 

Spiral and Straight Stairs, on an Improved Plan. 

Also, Iron Settees, Chairs, Hat and Umbrella Stands, Centre and 
Pier Tables, Music Stands and Racks, Spittoons, Balcony, Mantel, 
and Pier Brackets, 

IRON STATUARY. GREYHOUNDS. NEWFOUNDLAND DOGS, LIONS. ETC 

FOUNTAINS AND URNS FOR GARDENS, 

AXD A VARIETY OF 

(DriiEm^ntal 3rnH Wnxk, 

ADAPTED TO PRIVATE AND PUBLIC BUILDII^^GS. 

K@^ Drawings of articles above specified, will be sent to persons 
desiring to make a selection. 

R. E. MATHEYS, 
SANSOM STREET BATHS AND HALL, 

No. 10 Sansom Street, between 6th and 7th, Philadelphia. 

The Baths are the best and most comfortable in the United States ; 
and the Hall, beautiful, fashionable, and very popular, is capable of 
seating one thousand persons. 



PLACES OF AMUSEMENT. 77 

being produced in quick succession. The present proprietor 
is a gentleman of spirit and taste. 

Swaim's Building, situated on the south-east corner of 
Chestnut and Seventh Streets, is an imposing edifice, of recent 
construction. It is in the Italian or Palladian style of archi- 
tecture, with a red sandstone front. This material was obtained 
from Thorn's Quarries on the Hudson River. 

The Chestnut Street fa§ade has a light and elegant appear- 
ance. The lower story, or basement, finishes with a corri- 
dor, supported on an order of antses ; from this the structure 
is four stories to the heavy cornice of consoles, dentals, scrolls, 
and a balustrade of good proportions. 

There are two entrances to the establishment. One on 
Chestnut Street, which is the principal, and one on Seventh 
Street. The second story is devoted to '^ Barnum's wonders'' 
in art and nature. 

The Lecture Room occupies the entire upper part of the 
building. Gr. P. Cummings, Esq., was the architect. 

Sansom Street Hall, Sansom Street west of Sixth Street, 
was erected in 1848, under the direction and from the design of 
Mr. Cummings, for a Public Bath-house and Lyceum. The 
front is a mixture of Greek and Italian architecture. The first 
story, or bath entrance, commences with an order from the baths 
of Diocletian, a celebrated structure in Rome; over this order, 
large windows, highly enriched, complete the fagade to the cor- 
nice, which is finished in corner consoles, blocking courses, &c. 

The bath-rooms are of convenient size and elegant finish, 

furnished with hot and cold water, shower douches, &c. Two 

entrance doors lead to a large saloon, 100 by 45 feet, with an 

enriched ceiling, which, with the walls, is beautifully painted. 

The upper rooms are occupied by societies, schools, &c. Messrs. 

Robert and Charles Matthews are the proprietors of the 

7* 



78 



PHILADELPHIA AS IT IS. 




GEO. I. WEAVER & CO., 



AND 



SHIF CHANDliERS. 

ALSO, DEALERS IN 

HEMPj ANCHORS, CHAINS, ETC. 

DJo. 19 North Water Street, and 11 North Wharves. 

pi)ilabeipl)ia. 



Manilla Rope, 

Tarred Rope, 

Italian Rope, 

Bale Rope and Twine, 

Tow Lines for Canal Boats, 

Bow and Stern Lines for do. 



Bed Cords, Plough Lines, &c.. 
Hemp and Cotton Seine Twine, 
Linen and Cotton Cai-pet Chain, 
Cotton Yarn, Candle Wick, &c,. 
Grain Bags, Linen and Cotton, 
Tar, Pitch, Rosin, and Oakum. 



A LARGE STOCK OF 

MANILLA, AMERICAN, ITALIAN, AND EUSSIAN HEMP. 
Anchors and Chains of all Descriptions, 

SOLD ON REASONABLE TERMS. 

l]y Rope of any Size or Kind made to Order. ^J~\l 

GEO. L WEAVER. EDWIN H. FITLER. 



PLACES OP AMUSEIJENT. 79 

baths, and have shown themselves pioneers in this growing 
luxury. 

Welch's National Theatre and Circus. — This esta- 
blishment is situated in Chestnut Street belovr Ninth. Its 
amusements consist of equestrian exercises and grand specta- 
cles. Few managers are more liberal in their endeavours to 
please the public than Mr. Lent, the present Manager. 

Besides the Theatres, there are several large and splendid 
halls for exhibitions^ concerts, balls, &c., &c., aniong which 
we notice — 

The Philadelphia Museum Building, Ninth and 
George Streets. This is an immense structure, 238 foet long 
by 70 feet wide, erected for the exhibition of Peale's Museum. 
The lower story is designated ^'The Chinese Saloon,^' from 
being occupied by Mr. Dunn's splendid collection of Chinese 
curiosities, previous to its removal to Europe. The second 
story is " The Museum," having been occupied by Peale's 
collection until sold. The Lecture Room, on George Street, 
has been rendered famous by the exhibition of Signer Blitz's 
popular and striking deceptions in legerdemain. The Signor's 
sleight of hand astonishes the illiterate and puzzles the in- 
telligent. 

The Assembly Building, Tenth and Chestnut Streets, is 
a substantial and ornamental edilSce. 

The Franklin Hall, Sixth Street below Arch, contains a 
large and elegant room, admirably adapted for concerts, lec- 
tures, &c. 

The Masonic Hall, Chestnut below Eighth Street. This 
large and commodious edifice was erected for the accommoda- 
tion of the different Masonic Lodges of the city, in 1809, and 
is more remarkable for size than beauty. It is now used for 
balls, exhibitions, &c., &c. 

The Spring Garden Hall contains an elegant and spa- 
cious room for public assemblies. 



so PHILADELPHIA AS IT IS. 

ATWOOD & CO., 

NO. 162 MARKET STREET, 

(south side, below fifth,) 
OFFER FOR SALE A LARGE ASSORTMENT OP 

Foreign and Domestic Dry Goods. 

M'CLEES & GERMON'S 

NO. 182 CHESTNUT STREET, 

OPPOSITE MASONIC HALL. 

FROM THE LARGEST TO THE SMALLEST SIZE, 

W. F. JONES, 

No. 182 Chestnut Street (over M'Clees and Germon's), Philada. 

SSIONER TO TAKE ACKNOWLEDGMENTS, AFFIDAVITS, ETC., 
For all the States except Delaware and California, 
155 "Walnut Street^ above Sixth.. 



ORNABIEKTAIi METAL WORKER, ENGRAVER, 

AND MACHINE AYORKER IN METALLIC LETTERS. 
Broad Street, second door below Wallace, Spring Garden, Philada. 



BOKER, BROTHERS & JONES, 

BOOTS, SHOES, AND BONNETS. 

IMPORTERS AND DEALERS IN 

BRITISH, FRENCH, ITALIAN, AND DOMESTIC 

Straw Goods, Trimmings, &c., 

No. 82 Market Street, fourth house below Third. 



PLACES OF AMUSEMENT. 



81 



The Union Building, northeast corner of Eighth and 
Chestnut Streets, is principally occupied by associations. 
Arch Street Hall.— Arch Street, adjoining the Theatre. 
FoTTERALL BuiLDiNGS.— Fifth and Chestnut Streets. 




MUSICAL FUND HALL. 

The Musical Fund Hall is situated in Locust above 
Eighth Street; it presents a neat and appropriate appearance. 

This Institution was founded February 29th, 1820, having 
for its objects the relief of decayed musicians and their families'^ 
the cultivation of skill, and the diffusion of taste in music. 

The present building was erected in 1824, at a cost of 



82 PHILADELPHIA AS IT IS. 

STEAM POWER PRESS, BOOK AND JOB PRINTERS, 

No. 1 Lodge Alley, bet. Market & Chestnut & 7tli & 8th Sts. 

DR. F. A. GENTH, 
CIIEIVIICA.Ii Jm^A. BORiVTORlT, 

For Instruction and Consultation in Chemistry, Mineralogy, and Metallurgy, 
No. lOr Walnwt Street, above Third. 

JOPtDAN & BROTHER, 

WHOLESALE aROCERS, 

No. 121 North Third Street, 

PHILADELPHIA. 



CONRAD & ROBERTS, 

IMPORTERS OF 

No. m North Third Street, above Race. 

A large and extensive stock of English and American Hardware, 

at low prices. 

WM. H. HORSTMANN & SONS, 

51 NORTH THIRD STREET, 

IPIHIIIILilLlOSILIPlHIIIilL, 

MANUFACTURERS AND IMPORTERS OF 

PASSEMENTERIE, LADIES' DRESS TRIMMINGS, 

SMALL WARE.?, WHITE AND COLOURED COTTON FRINGES, 

For Carriage Maimers, Upliolstercrs, Blind Makers, Tailors, Regalia 
Makers, Costumers, &c. &c. 

Also, SOLE AGENTS for the Sale of 

JRYIiE'8 CELEBRATED 8POOL. SILK, 

Manufactured expressly for 
SEWING AND SEWING MACHINES. 



PUBLIC SQUARES. 83 

27,500 dollars ; since that time various improvements have 
been made, the most important of which was in 1847, when 
sixteen feet were added to the front, making a saloon of 123 
feet in length and 60 feet in width, giving the longest ceiling 
in the country without being supported by columns. 

It has a temporary orchestra on the south end, sufficient for 
the accommodation of 150 performers. The saloon will seat 
2000 persons. This hall, in regard to its musical effects, stands 
unrivalled. 

The lower story contains a supper-room, library of music, 
a suite of dressing-rooms, and the superintendent's office. There 
are at present connected with it about 60 life members, 60 
professional musicians, and nearly 300 annual subscribers. 

The Musical Fund Hall is a favourite with our citizens, being 
occupied nearly the whole business season, for concerts, balls 
lectures, and singing-schools. Its central location and quiet 
neighbourhood add greatly to its advantages. The superinten- 
dent of the Hall, Mr. Thomas J. Becket, is at all times on 
or near the premises, and takes much pleasure in giving infor- 
mation, or exhibiting this really elegant building. 

PUBLIC SQUARES. 

Independence Square, formerly called the State House 
Yard. This is a beautiful and favourite promenade. The 
Declaration of Independence was first publicly read in this 
Square, by Captain Hopkins, of the Navy, July 8th, 1776 : 
hence the name. 

Those handsome buildings on Walnut Street, facing this 
Square, and on Sixth Street, facing the Washington Square, 
occupy the site of the ^^ Old Prison." During the Kevolution, 
it was the ^'British Provost,'^ and at one time they had within 
its gloomy walls over 900 American prisoners, under the 
charge of the ever-infamous Captain Cunningham. These 



84 PHILADELPTIIA AS IT IS. 



PERPETUAL INDEMNITY 

Against Loss by Fire. 

BY THE 

PENNSYLVANIA FIRE INSURANCE COMPANY, 

No. 134 WALNUT STREET. 

Capital by law, $400,000. 

This Company continues to insure against loss or damage by Fire, 
on Public and Private Buildings in the city and country, Furniture, 
Stocks of Goods, and Merchandise generally, on the most favourable 
terms. 

The Directors have the satisfaction to state that they have suc- 
ceeded in accumulating a handsome Surplus Fund, which, in addi- 
tion to the capital paid in, is all invested in the most careful man- 
ner, enabling them to present the most unexceptionable indemnifica- 
tion to those who may transact business with the Company. 

DIRECTORS. 

QuiNTiN Campbell, Isaac Hazlehurst, 

Robert A. Caldcleugii, Thomas Robins, 

Alexander Benson, Daniel Smith, Jr., 

William Montelius, John Devereux, 

Jonathan Patterson. 

QUINTIN CAMPBELL, President. 
BEATON SMITH, Secretary. 



PUBLIC SQUARES. 85 

brave men were principally those captured at the battles of 
Brandywine and Germantown. Many of them died there of 
hunger and cold : their sufferings as related by eye-witnesses 
were most heartrending. Crossing over Sixth Street, we enter 

Washington Square. — This is a most delightful spot, re- 
joicing in almost perpetual verdure; it is also planted with a 
great variety of beautiful trees, shrubs, and plants. Here bloom 
alike the towering oak, the lordly pine, the weeping willow, 
the fragrant almond and magnolia. It is a lovely picture, in 
the summer, to see this Square animated and enlivened by the 
fair and gentle, — by the clear, sweet voice of childhood, min- 
gling with the song of the numerous birds, as happy and as 
innocent as themselves. In olden time, this was the '^Potters' 
Field," overgrown with weeds and brambles ', the place where 
the stranger and the friendless found a last resting-place. 
During the war of Independence, upwards of two thousand 
soldiers of the American Army, who had died from the effects 
of their wounds, or the camp fever, were buried in it; the ashes 
of these brave fellows lie on the line of Walnut by Seventh 
Street. John Adams says in a letter, " I have spent an hour 
this morning in the congregation of the dead. I took a walk 
into the Potters' Field ; and I never in my life was so affected 
with melancholy; the graves of our soldiers, who have been 
buried during the last summer and winter, are enough to make 
the heart of stone melt away. The sexton told me that 
upwards of two thousand soldiers have been buried here ; and, 
by the appearance of the graves and trenches, it is probable to 
me that he speaks within bounds.'' 

It was last used for this purpose during the prevalence of 
yellow fever in 1793, and was finally closed as a place of in- 
terment in 1795. It was laid out as a public square in 1815. 
It is proposed to erect a monument to Washington in the centre 
plot. When is it to be done ? Philadelphians, look at Bunker 

8 



86 



PHILADELPHIA AS IT IS. 



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In Metallic Packages, One, Half, and Quarter Pound, Each. 
These Teas, having the reputation of almost the entire country for 
Superior Quality, are now offered to the Public, in form, which will 
insure the strength and fineness of flavour (peculiar to these Teas) 
being kept for any length of time. 

CHARLES WEBB, 
N. W. Corner of Seventh and Market St. 

MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS, FANCY ARTICLES, AND TOYS. 



No. 207 Chestnut Street, 

BETWEEN SIXTH AND SEVENTH, 
FRONT ARCADE. 

IMPORTER OF ALL KINDS OF 

MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS, 

J3@^A11 kinds of Musical Instruments repaired in the best workman- 
ship, and also taken in trade. Canes made to order. 

His prices are very moderate, his motto being 

*' SMALL PROFITS AND QUICK SALES." 



PUBLIC SQUARES. 87 

Hill monument ! New England is true to the memory of the 
brave ; let it no longer be said that the remains of over two 
thousand of the soldiers of the Revolution lie in your most 
beautiful Square, their graves unnoticed — nay, in a great 
measure, forgotten. 

Franklin Square, — situated between Race and Vine 
Streets, and Sixth and Franklin Streets. This is a noble 
Square, beautifully shaded with trees and shrubbery ; it is laid 
out with great taste, and kept in good order. In the centre 
is a splendid fountain, with forty jets of water, enclosed by an 
ornamented iron railing. — The Franklin Square is a favourite 
place of resort of thousands of our citizens during the warm 
days of summer. 

The Penn Squares, Broad and Market Streets, will soon 
become highly ornamental, having been neatly laid out and 
planted with choice trees. This was formerly the site of the 
"Old Water-works.'' The vicinity in this neighbourhood has 
much improved of late years ; where once the unsightly Arch 
Street Prison stood, are now spacious and elegant residences. 

Rittenhouse Square, is located in the southwestern 
section of the city, and 

Logan Square, in the northwestern part. All these 
Squares are well lighted at night with numerous gas lamps, and 
are provided with seats for the accommodation of the public ; 
the grass, trees, &c., are frequently cut and trimmed, and the 
walks well rolled and kept clean. 

In the immediate vicinity of the two last named, some of 
the most elegant private residences in the city are situated. 

Besides the above squares in the city, there are Fairhill 
Square and Norris's Square in Kensington, not yet laid outj 
though it is designed they shall be at an early date. 



88 PHILADELPHIA AS IT IS. 

THE UNION MUTUAL INSURANCE COMPANY 

OF PHILADELPHIA. 

Incorporated, 1804. 

Office, N. E. Corner of Third and Walnut Streets. 

CAPITAL, $300,000. 

The -whole profits of this Company are divided annually among the 
parties making insurance, in proportion to the premiums paid by 
each during the year. 

Marine and Inland Transportation Insurances effected under Open 
and Special Policies, at the lowest rates of premium. 

PJCHARD S. SMITH, President. 

GEO. LEWIS, Secretary. 

FIRE INSURANCE. 
THE LIVERPOOL AND LONDON 

FIRE AND LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY, 

PHILADELPHIA AGENCY, 

At the Office of tlie Union Mutual Insurance Company, 

Nos* 7 &> 8 BxcSiange* 

AUTHORIZED CAPITAL, £2,000,000, OR TEN MILLIONS OF DOLLARS. 

PAID UP CAPITAL, £200,000 

SURPLUS AND RESERVED FUND, - - - - £200,000 

OR TWO MILLIONS OF DOLLARS. 

This Company has formed a Local Board of Directors in New York 
(duly qualified by holding the required number of shares), with full 
powers to issue policies for Fire Risks, settle all losses, and to invest 
in New York all funds derived from premiums and the sale of shares. 

DIRECTORS. 

JAMES BROWN, Chairman. 
FRANCIS COTTENET, Deputy Chairman. 
Geo. Barclay, Mortimer Livingston, 

Mark W. Collet, Royal Phelps, 

Conrad W. Faber, Ed. F. Sanderson, 

Francis Griffin, William S. Wetmore. 

Resident Secretary, Alfred Pell. 
Counsel of the Board, Fras. Griffin. 

AGENT IN PHILADELPHIA, 
RICHARD S. SMITH. 



90 PHILADELPHIA AS IT IS. 

J. E. MITCHELL, 

No. 14: Yorlc Aveniiej 

FORMERLY OLD YORK ROAD, 
IMPORTER OF 

xviiiiii jRlnd gristd stoites, firs bricks, 

BURR BLOCKS AND BOLTING CLOTHS. 



SOWER & BARNES, PUBLISHERS & DEALERS IN 

MISCELLANEOUS, SCHOOL & BLANK BOOKS, 
And Stationery, 

No. 84 Nortli Tliircl Street. 
PUBLISHERS OF PELTON'S OUTLINE MAPS & KEYS, 

Blank Books, Writing, AVrapping, Curtain and Wall Papers. 

EDUCATIONAL BOOK STORE, 

No. 6 Soutli Fiftli Street, 

E. C. & J. B I D D L E, 
PUBLISHERS AND BOOKSELLERS, 

Have on hand a stock of School Books, embracing most of the recently- 
published, as well as standard Text-Books for the various branches of 
an English and a Classical Course of Instruction, also Stationery for 
the use of Schools, — which they offer for sale at Low Prices. 

ALFRED WILTBERGER, 

DRUGGIST AND APOTHECARY, 

JVk}. 160 JVorth Second Street^ 

NEARLY OPPOSITE THE CAMEL TAVERN, PHILADELPHIA, 

Has constantly, on hand a complete assortment of 

Drugs and Medicines, Windoio Glass, White Lead, Varnishes, 

Acids, Dye Stvffs, &c. 

JI^^STOREKEEPERS SUPPLIED ON REASONABLE TERMS.*==^g 

R. JONES & CO., 

MINERS AND SHIPPERS OF 

SPRING MOUNTAIN, LEHIGH, & SCHUYLKILL 

lEi fe MHDTE MM mi^l. 

Office, No. 28 Walnut Street, Philadelphia. 

WHARF No. 3, AT RICHMOND, 

AND THIRD WHARF ABOVE THE FERRY, AT BRISTOL, PA. 



COMMERCIAL INSTITUTIONS. 91 



CHAPTER III. 

COMMERCIAL INSTITUTIONS. 

The Merchants' Exchange is a magnificent building, 
fronting on Walnut, Dock, and Third Streets. It is con- 
structed of the purest Pennsylvania marble, from a design 
of W. Strickland, Esq. It forms a parallelogram, the 
eastern front being circular, embellished with a portico re- 
cessed, supported by Corinthian columns, standing on a base- 
ment, which being richly ornamented with sculpture, gives a 
stately air to the building as viewed from Dock Street. It is 
three stories high, the lower one being occupied by the Post- 
Ofiice, on the north, the Delaware Mutual Safety Insurance 
Company, on the northwest, and the Union Mutual Insurance 
Company, on the southwest corner. The first named Company 
have a beautifully executed engraving of this building as 
viewed from Dock below Third Street. The Merchants' 
Reading Room, in the splendid rotunda on the second story, 
is ornamented with designs in fresco; the floor is inlaid in 
Mosaic work. A superb view of the lower part of the city, 
the River Delaware, &c., is obtained from the cupola. The 
remainder of the building is rented for commercial offices, &c. 
The entrance from Dock Street is by semicircular flights of 
marble steps, on the north and south sides, both of which are 
ornamented by two gigantic lions, exquisitely cut in marble. 
The vicinity of the Exchange is one of the most enlivening 
in the city. 



92 



PHILADELPniA AS IT IS. 



DELAWAKE 

MUTUAL SAFETY INSURANCE COMPANY. 

Incorporated by the Legislature of Pennsylvania, A.D. 1835. 

OFFICE IN THE MERCHANTS' EXCHANGE, 
PHILADELPHIA. 

Insurances made on Sea Risks by Sailing Vessels and Steamers; 
also on Inland Risks by Railroads, Canals, Rivers, and Lakes ; and 
also against Damage or Loss by Fire, on Buildings, Merchandise, 
and other property. 

By the Act incorporating this Company, the parties insuring pro- 
perty therein are entitled to a share of the profits of the Institution, 
without subjecting themselves to any liability beyond the premium 
paid. 

The Assets of the Company are as follows: 

Bonds, Mortgageis, and Ground Rents, ----- 

S33,055 Pennsylvania Six per cent Loan, .... 

5fl2,000 " Five " " - 

S?30,000 Philadelphia City Six "-.-.. 

$10,000 Camden and Amboy R. R. Five per cent. Loan, 
Sf 5,000 Spring Garden Six « u » 

$2,000 United States Six " " " - - 

100 Shares Pennsylvania Railroad Company, ... - 

5 " Pennsylvania Steamship Company, - - - - 

50 " Merchants' and Manufacturers' Bank, Pittsburg, - 
5 " Philadelphia and Havre de Grace Steam Tow-boat Co., - 
2 " Philadelphia Exchange Company, - - - - 

Scrip and Stock of sundry Mutual Insurance Companies, 

l$ills Receivable, -.-.-..- 

Cash on hand, ........ 

Balances in the hands of Agents, and Premiums on Marine Policies 
recently issued, --....- 

Subscription Notes, -------- 



$24,664 33 


33,619 69 


10,761 25 


30,300 00 


8,425 00 


4,750 00 


2,155 00 


5,000 00 


2,500 00 


2,350 00 


250 00 


78 00 


10,644 70 


121,859 82 


24,283 28 


77,996 02 


100,000 00 


$459,637 09 



WILLIAM MARTIN, 
JOSEPH H. SEAL, 
EDMUND A. SOUDER, 
JOHN C. DAVIS, 
ROBERT BURTON, 
JOHN R. PENROSE, 
GEORGE G. LEIPER, 
EDWARD DARLINGTON, 
ISAAC R. DAVIS, 
WILLIAM FOLWELL, 

JOSEPH W. COWAN, 



DIRECTORS. 

JOHN S. NEWLIN, 
DR. R. M. HUSTON, 
JAMES C. HAND, 



SAMUEL E. STOKES, 
JAMES TRAQUAIR, 
SPENCER m'iLVAIN, 



THEOPHILUS PAULDING, JAMES TENNANT, 



JOSEPH S. BURNETT, 
JOSHUA L. PRICE, 
J. T. LOGAN, Pittsburg. 

D. T. MORGAN, " 



H. JONES BROOKE, 
HENRY SLOAN, 
HUGH CRAIG, 
WILLIAM EYRE, JR., 
CHARLES KELLY, 
J. G. JOHNSON, 

Sec'ij. WILLIAINI MARTIN, President. 

THOMAS C. HAND, Vice-President. 



COMMERCIAL INSTITUTIONS. 



93 



]jj^ :,:^ 




B.TCLFER SC. 



MERCHAKTS' EXCHANGE, NORTH VIEW, 

Philadelphia Board of Trade. — The meeting-room of 
this association is No. 30, Philadelphia Exchange. It is a large 
and commodious apartment, comfortably furnished, and contains 
a number of valuable maps, charts, &c., among -which is a 
large chart, showing the projected railroad routes to the Pacific 
Ocean, executed under the direction of S. W. Roberts, Esq. 



94 PHILADELPHIA AS IT IS. 

BARCROFT, BEAVER & CO., 

IMPORTERS AND DEALERS IN FOREIGN AND DOMESTIC 

DRY GOODS, 

No. 161 MARKET ST., and No. 10 NORTH FOURTH ST., 

PHILADELPHIA. 

J. MILES & SON, 

"WHOLESALE MANUFACTURERS OF 

LADIES' & GENTLEMEN'S FINE BOOTS & SHOES, 

No. 25 South Fourth Street, 

PHILADELPHIA. 

DANIEL EVELAND, 

MANUFACTURER OF ALL KINDS OF 

I^ O XL O C C O 

FANCY LEATHER, KID, LININGS, BINDINGS, &c. 

ALSO, bookbinders', HATTERS', AND SADDLERs' LEATHER. 

No. 65 Willow Street, between St. John and Third Streets, Philadelphia. 

GEORGE VOGT, 

PIANO FORTE MANUFACTURER, 

JVo. 68 JVorth Fourth Street^ 

PHILADELPHIA. 

*^* Families anxious to possess a Piano of the finest tone, having 
all the modern improvements, will find at all times such an instru- 
ment at this establishment. Those about to purchase are respectfully 
invited to call and judge for themselves. 



•5 



RO\¥EEir, A^HBURIVER & CO. 

iirommi00Ton illercl)ant0, 

14 JVorth U^harves & 25 JVorth J^^ater St.^ 

PHILADELPHIA, 

Have constantly/ on hand, and for Sale, at the Lowest Market Prices: 
Bleached Winter Sperm Oil, Lard Oil. Bleached Winter Whale Oil. 
Unbleached <' " " Racked Whale Oil. Tanners' Oil. 

Bleached Fall <* " Sperm Candles. Spirits Turpentine. 

Unbleached " " " Rosin, Pitch, and Tar. Rice. Guano. 

Pitch Pine Lumber, of all descriptions, by the Cargo, &c. &c. 



COMMERCIAL INSTITUTIONS. 95 

The officers of the Board consist of a president, two vice- 
presidents, treasurer, secretary, and a board of twenty-one 
directors. 

The object of the Board of Trade, is to make the association 
a point of practical union among the business men of Phila- 
delphia, where suggestions can profitably be exchanged for the 
promotion of local interests, and where harmony of action can 
be secured by the contact of intelligence and experience. 

BANKS. 

The Banks of Philadelphia may with propriety be num- 
bered among the public buildings ; and, taken as a whole, are 
certainly more beautiful as specimens of architecture, than 
those of any other city in this country. 

The first of these institutions which we notice, is the Bank 
of North America, the first established in the United States ; 
being founded in view of the depressed state of the public 
finances, by Congress, in December, 1781. It is believed that 
this establishment, together with the exertions of Robert 
Morris, one of its principal originators, saved the treasury 
from bankruptcy, and was eventually the restorer of sound 
credit, and a good circulating medium. An additional act of 
incorporation was passed by the Legislature of Pennsylvania, 
in 1782. This was, however, repealed in 1785. In 1787, a 
new charter was granted, which has subsequently been re- 
newed. Capital stock, $1,000,000. 

The present banking-house, situated on the north side of 
Chestnut Street, between Third and Fourth Streets, is an elegant 
building, constructed of brown stone, presenting to our city a 
fine example of the Florentine style of architecture. 

Mr. Watson, in his annals of Philadelphia, tells us that 
this bank commenced its career with ^'coin sent out from 
France, at the instance of Robert Morris, by M. Be Chaumont : 



96 



PHILADELPHIA AS IT IS. 



WATCHMAKERS AND JEWELLERS, 

184 South Second Street, West Side, above Pine. 

CLOCKS, WATCHES, ^pSs CLOCKS, WATCHES, 

JEWELRY, J^^^^^hi^^ ^^^ 

SILVER WARE, j f^ \^ '^^^ JEWELRY, 

AND /!»^V \ yMm^ CAREFULLY 

FINE FANCY GOODS. ^»J^ ^^s^^^^h^' REPAIRED. 

All kinds of Diamond and Pearl Jewelry, and Silver Ware, made 
to order on reasonable terms. Glasses fitted to Spectacles to suit all 
ages. Gold and Silver Bought or Taken in Exchange for Goods. 

MONUMENTAL MARBLE WORKS, 

TWEIiPTH ST., JUST ABOVE RIDGE ROAD, 

EAST SIDE, PHILADELPHIA. 

C. VAN aUNDEN & C. FINNEY, JR., 

Have on hand and are prepared to execute to order MONUMENTS, 
TOMBS, and HEADSTONES of the best materials. 

ROBERT NEWELL, 

PLAIN AND ORNAMENTAL 

ROSEWOOD FEAME MAKER, 

No. ^1% Market Street, above Eiglitli, Second Story, Philada* 

The Subscriber respectfully calls public attention to his new style 
of Plain and Fancy Frames, of the latest and most beautiful designs. 

T. P. M'DONOUGH, 

MACHINIST AND ENGINE BUILDER, 

MANUFACTURER OF 

HYDRAULIC PRESSES EOR PRINTERS AND BOOKBINDERS, 

bookbinders' embossing and stamping presses. 

STEAM POWER HOISTOG MACHINES FOR PRINTING OFFICES, 

And Printers' and Bookbinders' Machinist generally, 
NO. 1 LODGE AliLiEY, 

(between seventh and EIGHTH, AND MARKET AND CHESTNUT STREETS.) 

JOHN HERTZLBR, JR., 

WHOLESALE WINE AND LIQUOR DEALER, 

No. 38 7 Market Street, above Tentli. 



COMMERCIAL INSTITUTIONS. 



97 




BANK OF NORTH AMERICA. 



it was landed at Boston ;" he also adds, that this generous 
stranger ^^ extended to Mr. Morris's widow/' in after years, 
"an annual pension." From the Government, which her 
husband had so nobly served, this lady never received any 
substantial benefit. 

The Farmers' and Mechanics' Bank, Chestnut Street 
between Fourth and Fifth Streets, was incorporated in 1809; 
capital stock, $1,250,000. The banking-house is a plain brick 
building, roughcast. It was the residence of Admiral Howe 
during the occupancy of the city by the British, in 1777-78. 

The Mechanics' Bank was chartered in the year 1814, 
with a capital of $1,400,000. Its banking-house is a neat and 
graceful edifice, located in Third below Market Street. 

9 



98 



PHILADELPHIA AS IT IS. 



UNITED STATES CLOTHING EMPORIUM. 

Ware Rooms, Nos. 177 & \m Market St., N. Side, ab. 4tli, 

At the Red Doors. 




Merchants and Dealers generally in ready made Clothing "will 
greatly benefit themselves by an examination of the largest stock of 
Clothing ever offered in this city, at this 7ieio and extensive establish- 
ment. Uniformity in the character of the work, easy and well-fitting 
garments, great variety of stock, and low prices, are the chief advan- 
tages offered. Orders executed at short notice, in the best manner. 

Reed, Brothers & Co. 



COMMERCIAL INSTITUTIONS. 



99 




BANK OF PENNSYLVANIA. 



The Bank of Pennsylvania, Second below Chestnut 
Street, was chartered in the year 1793, with a capital of 
$2,500,000. The banking-house of this institution is one of 
the most beautiful specimens of G-recian architecture in this 
country. The building is constructed of Pennsylvania marble. 
It is designed from the Temple of the Muses, near Athens ; 
with two porticos, of six Ionic columns each. The principal 
room is lighted from an elegant dome, which, together with 
the entire roof, is covered with marble. The stockholders' 
chamber opens upon a beautiful area, facing the west, orna- 
mented with trees, shrubs, flowers, and fountains, enclosed 
from the street by a tasteful iron railing. The corner stone of 
this classic edifice was laid in April, 1799, and the structure 
completed in 1801. 



100 



PHILADELPHIA AS IT IS. 



THE GIRARD LIFE INSURANCE, 

ANNUITY, AND TRUST COMPANY, 

OF PHILADELPHIA, 

Office No. 132 Chestnut Street, the first door East of the 
Custom House, 

Capital, $300,000, paid in. 

Incorporated in 18:^6, by a Perpetual Charter, 

Make Insurances on Lives on the most favourable terms ; grant 
Annuities and Endowments ; act as Executors, Trustees, and 
Guardians under last wills and testaments ; receive and execute 
Trusts generally, whether from individuals, corporate bodies, or 
courts of justice ; and receive Deposits on Interest. 

The Capital being paid in, together with a large and constantly- 
increasing reserved fund, offers a perfect security to the insured. 

The Premiums may be paid yearly, half yearly, or quarterly. The 
Company add a BONUS periodically to the insurances for life. The 
first bonus was declared in December 1844, and the second in Decem- 
ber 1849, making an addition to the sum insured equal to an average 
of more than 60 per cent, upon the premiums paid, without increas- 
ing the annual premiums. The following are a few examples from 
the register. 









Amount of policy and 




Sum 




bonuses payable at the 


Policy. 


originally 




decease of the party — 




insured. 




to be increased by fu- 
ture additions. 


No. 58 


S1,000 


$262 50 


$1,262 50 


No. 89 


2,500 


656 25 


3,156 25 


No. 276 


2,000 


475 00 


2,475 00 


No. 333 


5,000 


1,187 50 


6,187 50 


&c. 


&c. 


&c. 


&c. 



MANAGERS. 

Thomas Ribgway, Joseph Yeaoer, Joseph T. Bailet, 

Armon Davis, Frederick Brown, Tuomas P. James, 

John Jay Smith, John A. Brown, D. Banner, 

Robert Pearsall, Joseph Bispham, George Taber. 

THOMAS RIDGWAY, President. 

JOHN F. JAMES, Actuary. 

Forms of Applications, Pamphlets containing tables of rates and 
explanations, and any further information, can be had at the office. 



COMMERCIAL INSTITUTIONS. 



101 




PHILADELPHIA BANK. 



The Philadelphia Bank, a substantial and imposing 
marble building, on the southwest corner of Chestnut and 
Fourth Streets, was chartered in 1804, with a capital stock of 
$2,000,000. The front of this structure consists of an elegant 
portico, of the Corinthian order, resting on a basement flanked 
by wings. The counting-room of the institution is in the east 
wing, which is approached by a flight of marble steps, 
ascending from Chestnut Street, adjoining the portico. The 
basement is fitted up into spacious stores, the westernmost 
one of which is occupied by the Girard Life Insurance 
Company. 

The Western Bank occupies the west wing of the Phila- 
delphia Bank building. Chestnut and Fourth Streets. This 
banking establishment was chartered in the year 1832, with a 
capital of $400,000. 

9* 



102 



PHILADELPHIA AS IT IS. 




UNION STEAMSHIP COMPANY'S LINE, 

BETWEEN PHILADELPHIA AND NORFOLK, 
PETERSBURG, AND RICHMOND, VA. 

This Company would respectfully call the attention of the public 
to their new Packet Line of First Class Steamships, now in successful 
operation between the above-named ports, one of the Ships leaving 
each port every five days. The Virginia, David Teal, Master, and 
Pennsylvania, J. E. Walton, Master, composing the line, have been 
built and fitted up expressly for this trade, and no pains or expense 
has been spared in their construction. They are fast ships, hand- 
somely fitted up for passengers, each carrying two of Francis's Metallic 
Life Boats. The Captains are men of high standing in their calling, 
and the Company are careful in selecting experienced engineers. 
This line of Steamships has long been needed, and now offers by far 
the most desirable, safe, and economical mode of transit, both for 
passengers and goods, between the ports. By this line, all tranship- 
ments are avoided, and all the delays and damages consequent there- 
upon, the goods and passengers being carried direct to the ports of 
destination. It offers, also, a new and interesting trip to passengers, 
giving them twelve to fourteen hours at sea, with the beautiful 
scenery of James River, as well as the Delaware. The Company 
confidently hope their efforts in establishing this important line will 
be appreciated by the travelling and business community. 

N. B. A third Ship will be placed on the line during the coming 
year, when it is expected they will sail twice a week from each port. 

LEVI ELDRIDGE, General Agent, 

7 North Wharves, Philadelphia. 

T. P. CROWELL, Agent at Norfolk. 

JOHN ROWLETT, Agent at Petersburg. 

RANKIN & WIIITLOCK, Agents at Richmond. 



COMMERCIAL INSTITUTIONS. 



103 




GIRARD BANK. 



The Girard Bank, Third opposite Dock Street. This 
stately edifice was built originally for the first United States 
Bank ; subsequently it was occupied by the wealthy individual 
whose name it bears, as his banking-house. Here, from early 
morning until 3 o'clock, p. m., he transacted in person his 
extensive concerns as a banker, and instructed and received 
reports from his numerous agents and captains of his vessels. 
After banking hours he retired to his farm, where he enjoyed 
the pleasure of rural employments until the evening, when he 
again returned to his bank, where the midnight hour found 
him examining and scrutinizing the accounts of his clerks 
with a keenness of inspection peculiar to himself. In the study 
of Grirard's history we cease to wonder at his magical success. 
His secret lay in the jmtient application of a sagacious mind 
to the single object of accumulation. It is in vain to say, that 
with some, all things seem to prosper, while beneath the touch 



104 



PHILADELPHIA AS IT IS. 



" To Save is to Earn" 

THE WESTERN 

SAVING FUND SOCIETY 

Incorporated February 8, 184:7» 
OPEN FOE DEPOSITS AND PAYMENTS DAILY, 
Between the hours of 9 A. M. and 1 P. M., and on Monday After- 
noons from 3 to 7 o'clock. 

ODffice No. 313 (Eljestnut Street, 

NEXT DOOR AVEST OF THE ACADEMY OF FINE ARTS. 

Pi*GsiQPriij 

HENRY HOLLINGSWORTH. 

Managers. 

THOMAS DRAKE, 
JOHN B. BUDD, 
WILLIAM DIVINE, 
M. HUMPHREYS, 
R. BUNDLE SMITH, 
M. W. BALDWIN, 
CORNELIUS TIERS, 
ISAAC P. MORRIS, 

Samuel C. Henzey, Treasurer 
INTEREST FOUR PER CENT. PER ANNUM. 

A. R. TAYLOR, 
TEACHER OF PIANO, FLUTE, VIOLIN AND VOCAL MUSIC, 

Northeast Corner 13th and Melon Streets. 

No. 66 SOUTH THIRD STREET, 

(Oucr Nortl) American anb linitcb States Cl^a^ette, 

PHILADELPHIA. 



CHARLES HUMPHREYS 
CHARLES H. BAKER, 
SAMUEL V. MERRICK, 
WILLIAM W. KEEN, 
JOSEPH RIPKA, 
THOMAS SPARKS, 
THOMAS ALLIBONE, 
PETER WILLIAMSON, 



HERMAN COPE, 
ISAAC ELLIOTT, 
PETER m'CALL, 
WILLIAM E. BOWEN, 
SAMUEL NORRIS, 
ABRAHAM J. LEWIS, 
JOHN WIEGAND, 
HENRY HOLLINGSWORTII. 



DANL. B, SMITH. 



HENRY PEMBERTON. 



BENJ. R. SMITH. 



SMITH, PEMBERTON & CO,, 
iHauufactitriug iJlljemiets, 

No. 30 NORTH FRONT STREET, 

PHILADELPHIA. 
LABORATORY, GRAY'S FERRY ROAD. 



COMMERCIAL INSTITUTIONS. 105 

of others everything withers and dies. The secret of success, 
so well understood by this remarkable man, is not so very 
difficult to solve after all; it lies in a word, and that is, Perse- 
verance. 

The present Bank was chartered in the year 1832, with 
a capital of $5,000,000. In 1847, it was re-chartered, with a 
reduced capital,— $1,250,000. 

The Bank of the Northern Liberties, stands on the 
north side of Vine, east of Third Street. This institution was 
chartered in 1814. Capital, $500,000. 

Commercial Bank, north side of Market Street, between 
Second and Third Streets. Chartered in 1814, with a capital 
of $1,000,000. 

Bank of Commerce, formerly the Moyamensing Bank. 
Incorporated in the year 1832, with a capital of $250,000. 
The present banking-house of this institution, located in Chest- 
nut west of Second Street, is constructed of brown stone. In 
the design of this building, the architect, the late Mr. Johnson, 
has evidently studied utility more than display ; yet the genius 
of the true artist manifests itself throughout, and few of our 
public buildings of this order, surpass it as an imposing piece 
of architecture. 

Bank op Penn Township. — Incorporated in 1828. Capi- 
tal, $250,000. The building is a handsome edifice, pleasantly 
located on the northwest corner of Vine and Sixth Streets. 

Southwark Bank. — ^This institution was incorporated in 
1825, with a capital stock of $250,000. The banking-house 
stands in Second below South Street. 

Manufacturers' and Mechanics' Bank, northwest 
corner of Third and Vine Streets. This institution was char- 
tered in the year 1832, with a capital of $600,000. 

Kensington Bank, Beach Street below Master, was incor- 
porated in 1826. Capital, $250,000. 



106 



PHILADELPHIA AS IT IS. 



PHILADELPHIA 

SAVING FUND SOCIETir 




68 WALNUT STREET. 

OPEN FOR DEPOSITS AND PAYMENTS, 

ON MONDAYS AND THURSDAYS ONLY, 

From 9 A. M. to 1 P. M., and 3 to 7 P. M. 

Drcsitjcnt. 
CLEMENT C. DIDDLE. 



WILLIAM SMITH, 
JOHN BACON, 
THOS. C. ROCKHILL, 
TOBIAS WAGNER, 
CHARLES VEZIN, 
JACOB R. SMITH, 
LEWIS WALN, 
GEORGE CAMPBELL, 

WILLIAM PURVES, Treasurer. 
INTEREST FOUR PER CENT. PER ANNUM. 



JOHN J. VANDERKEMP, 
LAWRENCE LEWIS, 
JOHN R. NEFF, 
QUINTIN CAMPBELL, 
JOHN A. BROWN, 
FRANCIS GURNEY SMITH, 
SAMUEL GRANT, 
THOMAS H. WHITE, 



CALEB COPE, 
SAMUEL W. JONES, 
WILLIAM PLATT, 
JOHN KEATING, 
JAMES DUNDAS, 
HENRY J. WILLIAMS, 
THOMAS ROBINS, 
ADOLPHUS E. BORIE, 



COMMERCIAL INSTITUTIONS. 107 

Tradesmen's Bank, corner of Spruce and Second Streets, 
incorporated in 1847, with a capital of $150,000. 

State Bank at Camden, New Jersey — Branch office, 
No. 12 Church Alley, Philadelphia. This hanking company 
was chartered in 1811, with a capital of $300,000. 

savings banks. 

Philadelphia Savings Bank, No. 68 Walnut Street, 
between Third and Fourth Streets. This institution was in- 
corporated in 1819. It is open for deposits on Mondays and 
Thursdays. 

Western Saving Fund Association, 313 Chestnut, west 
of Tenth Street. Incorporated in 1847. Open for deposits 
daily, except Sunday. ''We have seen," says a writer in a 
London paper, '' a very handsome Temperance Hall, built out 
of penny subscriptions, with the motto cut in stone : 

<" Wise pennies bought it. 

Who would have thought it !' " 

True enough, who would have thought it? yet this started in 
the mind of ''a canny Scot,'' — the idea of Penny Savings Banks, 
which have since been eminently successful. In one city, with a 
population of 40,000 inhabitants, no less than 5,000 have made 
deposits, which during six months amounted to over $5,000, or 
an average of over one dollar each. As will be readily sup- 
posed, these deposits belong to a class which heretofore never 
aspired to the thought of an ordinary Savings Bank, with its 
comparatively speaking high scale of deposits. They are open 
every evening for the receipt of the smallest sums. Consider 
this subject, citizens of Philadelphia. Think of the advantage 
of having converted the eighth part of an entire town popula- 
tion into habits of self-denial and frugality ; of giving to so many 
persons, a stake in the country, a stake not small to them ; — 



108 PHILADELPHIA AS IT IS. 

PENN MUTUAL LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY, 

NORTHEAST CORNER OF THIRD AND DOCK STS, 

THE ONLY PURELY MUTUAL COMPANY IN THE CITY OR STATE. 

Guarantee and Accumulated Capital over $200,000, 
and constantly increasing. 

Reserved Fund, to pay Losses arising from Premiums received to January 

1st, 1851, $142,682 19, and constantly increasing from New 

Policies and Renewals, 

In this Company every dollar received is appropriated, after pay- 
ing losses and expenses, to a Reserved Fund, or capital to pay future 
losses ; and cannot be used for any other purpose (except the interest 
on the dividends declared) until the accumulated capital of the Com- 
pany amounts to ^400,000, when, if the assets of the Company ex- 
ceed the value of all the policies in force, the first dividend declared 
may be paid off, and so on year by year as the situation of the Com- 
pany may warrant ; but no dividend can be paid off until the assets 
of the Company excel the value of all the policies in force, an amount 
equal to the dividend to be paid off. 

TRUSTEES. 
Daniel L. Miller, Joseph M. Thomas, 

William Martin, Edmund A. Souder, 

Samuel C. Huey, Charles Hallowell, 

Theophilus Paulding, Richard S. Newbold, 

William B. Hart, William H. Carr, 

Ellis S. Archer, Henry S. Patterson, M.D., 

John G. Brenner, James B. McFarland, 

William H. Kern, Henry C. Townsend, 

Caleb Clothier, R. Wilson Desilver, 

Augustus W. Harker, John W. Hornor, 

William Robertson, Samuel W. Weer, 

Benjamin Coates, Daniel L. Hutchinson, 

Samuel E. Stokes, Rodolphus Kent, 

Peter S. Miciiler, Easton. 

DANIEL L. MILLER, President. 

SAML. E. STOKES, Vice-President. 
JOHN W. HORNOR, Secretary. 

medical examiners. 
Edward Hartshorne, M. D., No. 453 Walnut Street. 
F. Gurney Smith, Jr., M. D., No. 291 Spruce Street. 
(In attendance at the office of the Company from 1 to 2 p. m., daily.) 

Blank Forms, Tables of Rates, descriptive pamphlets, and every 
information connected with Life Insurance, furnished with pleasure 
and promptness. 



^*a^ 



COMMERCIAL INSTITUTIONS. 



109 



and you cannot view the result as otherwise than important. 
We think this excellent system might be introduced into this 
city, with great advantage. ''Take care of your pennies/' is a 
wise adage. We confess to have now some faith in the proverb. 




PENN BUILDING. 



Penn Mutual Life Insurance Company's Office. — 
This building, constructed during the last year, presents a point 
of much interest in the thoroughfare where it is placed, from its 
decided beauty and originality. It is entirely of cast iron, and 
was the first building of this material erected in Philadelphia. 
The first story is a series of semi-octagons, supporting an order 
highly enriched. Over the front entrance, resting on an orna- 
mented dais, is a cast iron statue of William Penn, weighing 
six hundred pounds. Arcades of beautiful windows, rise 

10 



110 PHILADELPHIA AS IT IS. 

CARPETINGS, OIL CLOTHS, & MATTINGS. 

BAILY & BROTHER, 

IMPORTERS AND MANUFACTURERS OF 

CARPETINGS, 



AND DEALKRS IN 



CANTON MATTINGS, &c., 

N. W. Corner of Twelfth and Market Streets, 



B. & B. invite attention to their large assortment of superior new 
styles of English Velvet, Tapestry, Brussels, and Rich Ingrain 
and Venetian Carpetings, of their own importation. Also to their 
large stock of well-seasoned Floor Oil Cloths, in all widths, from one 
to eight yards. 

Our stock also embraces a great variety of low-priced, medium, 
and superfine American Carpeting, well adapted to the 

COUNTRY TRADE, 
Which we will sell on the most favourable terms. 



COMMERCIAL INSTITUTIONS. Ill 

above this point to the fourth story, which terminates with a 
highly-decorated cornice, supported by consoles, &c. Above 
this, is the fifth story, which forms an appropriate finish to 
the whole edifice. 

The mode of construction is dissimilar to any iron building 
in this country or Europe, many of the plates being not over 
one-fourth of an inch thick, and none over half an inch; the 
whole space occupied by the wall being less than seven inches. 
These plates are jointed and bolted together in a novel method, 
highly creditable to the skill of the contractor, Mr. J. Sin- 
GERLY, who has carefully carried out a design, improved by 
the patient effort of the architect, Mr. J. B. Cummings, to 
construct an iron building without waste of material. 

The style of architecture is the modern or florid Italian. 
Besides the principal entrance on Third Street, there is an ad- 
ditional one on Dock Street, leading to the upper stories. 

The Company's office is elaborately finished, and the fur- 
niture is of the most tasteful and substantial character. 

The neighbourhood of this interesting edifice abounds in 
public buildings, offices, &c. On the opposite side of Third 
Street stands the Girard Bank, and facing the south front 
is the Merchants' Exchange, in which the stranger will find 
the Post-Office, Commercial Reading-rooms, the apartments of 
the Board of Trade, the Board of Brokers, together with several 
Insurance Offices, &c. In Walnut Street, below Third, is 
situated the Farquhar Building, at once chaste and ornamental, 
while to the east of the Exchange is seen the Pennsylvania 
Bank. This latter structure, as viewed from Dock Street, 
forms an object of much attraction. This vicinity is also the 
starting-point for omnibuses running to the various parts of 
the city and adjoining districts. 

Vandyke Building, southeast corner of Third and Chest- 
nut Streets. In the construction of this edifice, the architect 



112 PHILADELPHIA AS IT IS. 

LIFE INSURANCE, ANNUITY, AND TRUST COMPANY. 

Home Office, S. E, Corner of Third and Chestnut Sts., Philadelphia. 
Branch " 5 Nassau St., New York. 
" " 48 Camp St., New Orleans. 

This is quite the only Company in the city, State, or United 
States, that proposes to pay its dividends in cash to its members. 
This Company do not deal in scrip dividends, payable when con- 
venient, but make every cent of profits available to its members, if 
preferred, in cash on, demand. 

Capital and premiums liable for loss, is over $250,000, and con- 
stantly increasing. 

Premium payments can be made with reference to the convenience 
of parties opening policies with the Company. 

Policies will be issued for the benefit of married women and chil- 
dren, free from the claims of the representatives of her husband, or 
of any of his creditors. 

Jg^"" Policies may be assigned without the knowledge of the Com- 
pany. 

J|@^ No policy shall be vitiated through error merely, unless there 
existed at the time a fraudulent intention. 

Jg@°" The original amount of policies will be reduced at any time, 
to suit the pleasure of insured parties, 

J^^ Policies of two or more years' standing will be purchased upon 
surrender. 

g^^ Policies with the profits, forfeited by non-payment of pre- 
miums, may be renewed at any time by the payment of arrears, with 
interest; provided the health of the party at the time is unimpaired. 

The liberality of the travelling license is peculiar to this Company, 
permission being granted to cross the Atlantic, at any season of the 
year, in first-class steamers or sailing packets, free of extra charge. 

The object aimed at by this institution is stability and perpetuity. 
The rates of premium have been carefully prepared with reference to 
fluctuations. The first object of the plan presented is to make cer- 
tain provision to meet the first motive to insure, and which considera- 
tion should be paramount to all others, viz., the prompt payment of 
losses as they occur; after which, to make such additions of profits 
to the policy as the progressive gains of the Company will justify, or 
pay such gains to its members in cash on demand. 

The plan of operations adopted and practised by this Company is 
quite as valuable to the insured as it is popular with the public. 

DIRECTORS. 
Stephen R. Crawford, Jacob L. Florance, Lawrence Johnson, 

Ambrose W. Thompson, William M. Godwin, George M'Henry, 

Benjamin W. Tinglet, Paul B. Goddard, James Devereux, 

William M'Kee. 

STEPHEN R. CRAWFORD, President. 
Ambrose W. Thompson, Vice President. 
Actuary—PLiNT FiSK. Charles G. Imlat, Secretary and Treasurer. 

medical examiners. 
PaulB. Goddard, M.D., Alex. C. Hart, M. D., William Pepper, M.D. 



COMMERCIAL INSTITUTIONS. 



113 




VANDYKE BUILDING. 



has judiciously adapted his plan to the limited space allotted 
him, and has designed the exterior in a tasteful and scientific 
manner. The building is of brown stone, in the Italian style, 
and is five stories high. The first floor is occupied by the 
United States Life Insurance, Annuity, and Trust Company, 
an institution of the most substantial and honourable character, 
chartered by the State of Pennsylvania. The upper stories are 
occupied by agencies, commercial offices, &c. 

In the vicinity of this great central business stand are many 
elegant and beautiful stores, Banks, &c., lately erected. The 
most prominent are, the Bank of North America, the Grranite 
Building, Ledger Office, and Jayne's Buildings. 

10^ 



114 PHILADELPHIA AS IT IS. 

PHILADELPHIA AND NEW YORK 

STEABI TRANSPORTATION CO. 




MERCHANTS' AND SWIFTSURE LINES, 

VIA DEl^AWARE AND RARITAN CANAL. 

These lines are composed of the First Class Steam Propellers, 

ERIE, CAYUaA, VULCAN, IRONSIDES, 

NEW YORK, ONEIDA, BLACK DIAMOND, AND 

ANTHRACITE, 

AND SEVENTEEN BARGES, 

And -will run regularly during the season, leaving each city every 
day (Sunday excepted), and running 

THROUGH IN ABOUT 24 HOURS. 

ALL KINDS OF FREIGHT TAKEN AT THE LOWEST RATES. 

Shippers will find it greatly to their advantage to take this safe 
inland route, and call upon the subscribers previously to making 
other engagements. 

Jg^" Merchandise destined beyond New York and Philadelphia, 
will be forwarded with promptness and despatch, free of commissions. 
For further particulars, apply to 

WM. M. BAIRD & CO., 53 South Wharves, Philada. 
WM. H. THOMSON, Pier 1, N. River, 1 ,r x. 7 
J. & N. BRIGGS, No. 40 South Street, ] ^'"^ ^''''^- 



UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA. 



115 



CHAPTER IV. 



EDUCATION. 




UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA. 



The University of Pennsylvania, Ninth Street below 
Market, was established in 1750 as a charity school and an 
academy, through the exertions of a few public-spirited indi- 
viduals, among whom Dr. Franklin was prominent, — chartered 
and endowed in 1750, erected into a college in 1755, and into 
a University in 1779. 

The building first occupied by this school, was that known as 
'^The Old Academy,'^ in Fourth below Arch Street, originally 
built as a meeting-house by the friends of the Rev. G. Whit- 
field. This society, in disposing of the premises, reserved the 



116 PHILADELPHIA AS IT IS. 

VIRGINIA HOTEL, 

No. 99 Walnut Street, 

North Side, between Third and Fourth Streets, 

Board per day, . . . . $1 25 

Board per week, . . . . 7 00 

FREDERICK AULICK, Agent. 

J. G. O'BRIEN, 

PUBLISHER OF THE 

PHILADELPHIA WHOLESALE BUSINESS DIRECTORY 

AND CIRCULAR, 

Wallace Street, Fiftli liouse above Tenth, 

Spifna CSavlicn. 

BREWSTER & JOHNSON, 
BOOKSELLERS AND STATIONERS, 

No. 5 North Sixth St., Philadelphia, 

KKEP CONSTANTLY FOR SALE, AND MADE T') ORDER, 

BLANK BOOKS IN EVERY STYLE OF BINDING, SCHOOL AND COUNTING- 
HOUSE STATIONERY, SLATE.S. WRAPPING, WRITING, AND 
TISSUE I'Al'ERS. 

Orders from the country promptly attended to. 

ATLANTIC AND MILLFORD GLASS WORKS, 

CROWLEYTOWN AND MILLFORD, BURLINGTON COUNTY, N. J. 
J. HUFFSEY 8o CO., 

MANUFACTURERS AND DEALERS IN EVERT DESCRIPTION OF 

DRUGGIST GLASS WARE. 

Oliice, No. 50 North Fourth Street, above Arch, Philadelphia* 

WM. F. WARBURTON, 
NO. 138 CHESTNUT STREET, 

LATE OF THE FIRM AKD SUCCESSOR TO 

WM. H. BEEBE & CO. 

J. & J. P. STEINER & CO., 

No. 75 North Third Street, 

IBI PORTERS AND WHOLESALE DEALERS IN 

lEnuU'slj, jfrerrcfj, antr (ilTmnan Small limuxtn^ 

AND FANCY GOODS. 

J. STEINER. F. F. WOLGAMUTH. 

J. P. STEINER. HENRY VOLLMER. 



UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA. 117 

right of a meeting hall in it for ever, for the use of itinerant 
preachers. Within the past two years this old and celebrated 
edifice has been removed, and a new and elegant structure of 
brick erected on its site. It is still a school attached to the 
University. 

In 1798, the trustees purchased from the State, the Presi- 
dent's House, built for the accommodation of the President 
of the United States. This spacious building, three stories high 
and 100 feet square, enlarged in 1807 for the convenience of 
the Medical Department, was taken down in 1828, when the 
present ones were erected. They are each 85 feet front, by 
112 deep, surrounded by an open area, separated from the 
street by a neat and substantial iron railing. 

This Institution comprises four departments, viz., the 
academical, the collegiate, the medical, and the law. The pro- 
fessors are of the highest standing in the various departments, 
and the school ranks second to none. 

The Faculty consists of a Provost and a Vice-Provost, a 
Professor of Moral Philosophy, a Professor of Mathematics, 
an Emeritus Professor of the Greek and Latin Languages, a 
Professor of Rhetoric and English Literature, a Professor of 
Natural Philosophy and Chemistry, and a Professor of the 
Greek and Latin Languages. 

Besides these, there is a Professor of French, for voluntary 
classes in that language; and Professors of American History; 
of Chemistry applied to the Arts; and of Natural History, — by 
whom Lectures are occasionally given. 

The college year extends from the eighth day of September, 
to the third day of July (in which month the Commencement 
is held), with two vacations of one week each at Christmas, and 
at the beginning of April. Tuition, $75 a year. 

The catalogue of the last college year contains the names of 
ninety-five students. 



118 



PHILADELPHIA AS IT IS. 



BUIST'S 
AVARRANTED GARDEN SEEDS, 

GROWN IN QUANTITY, AND RETAILED AT OUR 
EXTENSIVE SEED WAREHOUSE, 

No. 97 Chestnut St., above Tliird. 

Dealers supplied on liberal terms. 
ORDERS PROMPTLY EXECUTED. 




-zjst £i ':s:=^ 




ESTABLISHED IN 1828. 

R. BUIST, 

Seed Fami and Nursery, Darby Road, 2 miles below Gray's Ferry. 
Fruit and Ornamental Trees and Green-house Plants cultivated on 
the most extensive scale, and in greater variety than by any other in 
the United States, It will amply repay a visit. Practical attention 
in every department. Catalogues supplied. 

C. A. WILSON'S 

p::iladelphia mercantile institute, 

No. 28 Merchants' Exchange, third story. 

OPEN FOR THE BENEFIT OF THOSE WISHING TO IMPROVE IN 

BOOK-KEEPING, WRITING, ARITHMETIC, 

AND HIGHER BRANCHES OF MATHEMATICS. 
Terms— Payment in Advance. 

Bookkeeping. —A thorough course in all its various branches, with 
and without Journal, $10. 

Writing. — 20 lessons, $3. An unlimited course as to lessons and 
time, $5. 

Arith7netic. — 30 lessons, $3. An unlimited course, $5. 

Practical Surveying, including instruction in Geometry and Trigo- 
nometry, with use of all requisite instruments, and Whitescarver's 
Self-calculating Transit and Protector, $25. 

HOURS OF INSTRUCTION. 
For Gentlemen, 9 to 12—2 to 5—7 to 9. For Ladies, 9 to 12, and as requested. 

C. A. WILSON, F. A. WHITESCARVER, JAS. MESHART, Ass't. 

"^^ Separate apartments for Ladies, '^^g 



GIRARD COLLEGE. 119 

The Law Department was instituted in 1850. The course 
consists of two terms, of six months each, commencing on the 
first Monday in November, each year. 

GiRARD College (See Frontispiece). —This really mag- 
nificent College is situated on the Ridge Road, about a mile 
from the incorporated limits of the City. It was founded by 
Stephen Girard, and is designed for the gratuitous instruc- 
tion and support of destitute orphans. Mr. Girard was a 
native of France, having emigrated to this country at an 
early age and settled in Philadelphia, where, by unwearied 
industry and judicious management, he accumulated a noble 
fortune, the larger portion of which he bequeathed to the city 
of Philadelphia for the erection and support of this institution, 
and improving the city. 

This College is one of the most beautiful structures of 
modern times, as a work of art alone, and a monument of 
private munificence to the cause of education such as few 
countries in the world possess. 

The corner-stone was laid on the 4th of July, 1833, the 
buildings were completed in 1847, and the Institution went 
into operation on the 1st of January, 1848. 

The general design of the main building is that of a Greek 
temple; having eight columns on each end, and eleven on each 
side, including the corner columns both ways. 
^ The superstructure rests on a stylobate or basement, con- 
sisting of eleven steps, which extend around the entire edifice, 
thus imparting a pyramidal appearance to the superstructure, 
which conveys an idea of great solidity, and at the same time 
afi'ords an approach to the peristyle from all sides. 

The order of architecture in which the exterior is composed, 
is the Corinthian : the columns are 6 feet in diameter, and 
55 feet in height; the bases are 9 feet 3 inches in diameter, * 
and 3 feet 2 inches high; the capitals are 8 feet 6 inches high. 



120 



PHILADELPHIA AS IT IS. 



PETERS & CO. 



ZrOS. 74; 6l 76 STOB.TH SIXTH STB.SET, 

PHILADELPHIA, 

MANUFACTURERS OF AND DEALERS IN 

COOKING RANGES, 

WARM AIR 

FURNACES, 

GAS OVENS, 

BATH-BOILERS, 

JLiL K^ iL cooo Jj (Jul 

AND 

VENTILATORS, 

AMERICAN AND ENGLISH 
FANCY ENAMELLED GRATES AND FENDERS. 

MANUFACTURERS, ALSO, OF 

SILVER, GEEMAN-SILYER AND BRASS MOUNTED 

JEWELLERS', ETC., 

SHOW CASES, 

AND OF 

SILVER PLATED AND METAL SASH FOR 

BULK WINDOWS. 

G. S. PETERS. W. S. PETERS. N. S. JOHNSON. 





GIRARD COLLEGE. 123 

The cella or body of the building is 111 feet wide, by 169 
feet long, and 56 feet 8 inches high, including the architrave, 
which corresponds with that of the peristyle. The corners of 
cella are finished with projecting antae of 5 feet 6 inches in the 
width, having bases to correspond with those of the columns. 

The doors of entrance are in the north and south fronts ; 
each door measures 16 feet wide and 32 feet high, in the clear, 
trimmed on the outside with moulded antepagmenta of 2 feet 
7 inches in width, and crowned with a projecting cornice sup- 
ported by richly-carved consoles. 

Each flank is pierced with twenty windows, four of which 
open into each room, and one on each flight of stairs ; those 
which open into the rooms, are grouped and divided by Greek 
antae, surmounted by architraves and cornices. 

The roof is composed of marble tiles, four and a half feet 
long, four feet wide, and three-fourths inches thick in the mid- 
dle, the sides being elevated an inch and a half above the 
general surface, to prevent the water running into the joints; 
each of these joints is covered with a marble saddle, hollowed 
out on the inner side, so as to embrace the ridges on the 
two adjacent tiles. The weight of each of these tiles is 776 lbs., 
and of each saddle 214 lbs., the whole number of tiles is 2064, 
and of saddles 2061 ; the aggregate weight of the tiles and 
saddles is 906 tons ; in addition to which, the marble chimney- 
tops, and cast iron skylights, weigh 20 tons, and the lead, &c., 
of the gutters, 43 J tons; making the entire weight of the roof, 
exclusive of the brick-work which supports it, 969 J tons ! The 
skylights are of cast iron tiles and saddles, so formed as to pre- 
sent an appearance, corresponding to the rest of the roof; in 
the centre of each tile two lights of glass are inserted, measur- 
ing 19 inches in width, 42 in length, and half an inch in thick- 
ness. 

The building is three stories high, the first and second being 



lSi4 



PHILADELPHIA AS IT IS. 



WEAVER & VOLKMAR, 

ETNA HOT AIR FURNACE, 

NO. 121 SOUTH THIRD STREET, ABOVE SPRUCE. 

This furnace pos- 
sesses all discoveries 
bearing upon health- 
ful dispensation of 
hot air. Its longer 
radiating surface is 
placed in a more ad- 
vantageous position 
than in any other. 

]^^ Full particu- 
lars, with a long list 
of patrons having it 
in use, furnished at 
the store, as above, 
or forwarded by mail, 
together with 

A FULL DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTOR's CELEBRATED 




BRISTOW'S HALL, 

100 Chestnut Street. 

For $3, a splendid handwriting insured to all. 

A. P. HUaHES, 

MANUFACTURER OF 

CARHART'S PATENT MELODEONS, 

NO. 258 MARKET STREET, PHILADELPHIA. 

Also, Sole Agent for Melodeons from the celebrated establishment 
of Carhart & Needham ; Agent for J. B. Dunham's Pianos, New York. 



GIRARD COLLEGE. 125 

25 feet from floor to floor, and the third story 30 feet in the 
clear to the eye of the dome ; each story is divided into four 
rooms, each 50 feet square, and vestibules. 

The vestibules in the first story, and the lobbies over them 
in the second and third stories, occupy the northern and south- 
ern ends of the building ; they are each 25 by 50 feet, exclu- 
sive of the space occupied by the stairways. The vaulting of 
each vestibule and lobby, springs from marble entablatures, 
supported by eight columns and as many antee. The shafts of 
these columns are each composed of a single piece ; the order 
of those in the first story is Ionic, in the second, a modified 
Corinthian, from the Tower of the Winds at Athens, and the 
third, a similar style, only somewhat lighter and more ornate. 

All the rooms and vestibules are vaulted with bricks j those 
of the basement, first and second stories, with groin arches, and 
those of the third story, with pendentive domes springing from 
the floor, the horizontal or springing line being four feet square, 
with bands. These bands form semicircular arches on the 
four walls of each room, and from their angles at the floor, 
spring the pendentives. The horizontal section of each room 
is thus resolved into a circle at the top of the bands, and 
crowned with a dome; the dome, as well as the pendentive 
and bands, is enriched with deep cofi'erings, and the eye of 
the dome is finished with an ornamental fret, and covered 
with an inner skylight of 16 feet in diameter. The stairways 
are situated in the four corners of the building j they are all 
composed of white marble, and are five feet three inches in 
width, with two landings or quarter paces in each story ; they 
are constructed on the " geometrical plan.'' All these stairways 
and landings are finished with rich balustrades of cast iron, 
and mahogany rails, springing from massy marble newels. 
The dome over the stairways is similar in construction to those 

in the rooms. 

11* 



126 



PHILADELPHIA AS IT IS. 




PHILADELPHIA & BOSTON 

Iteum l^atM 'E'iti^. 

SAILING DAYS, 

SATURDAY OF EACH WEEK. 
STEAmSHIP WILLIAM PENN, 

CAPT. ZIMKI WHELDEN. 

700 TONS BURTHEN, 
350 Horse Power. 

Steamship Benjamin Franklin, 

CAPT. WINTHROP SEARS. 

700 TONS BURTHEN, 

350 Horse Power. 

AGENTS. 

R. LINCOLN & CO., E. LINCOLN & CO., 
25 CENTRAL WHARF, U SOUTH WHARVES, 

Boston. Philadelphia. 



GIRARD COLLEGE. 127 

The outbuildings are each 52 feet by 125 feet long, and 
three stories high, with a basement 7 feet above the surface of 
the ground j they are all faced with marble and roofed with 
copper. 

The easternmost building embraces four separate and com- 
plete dwelling-houses, for the officers of the Institution. The 
others are fitted up for the accommodation of the pupils, their 
tutors, governesses, and domestics. 

An additional building has recently been erected, to the 
west, for water purposes. The water is raised by a steam engine 
in the cellar, from a large well, and forced into tanks in the 
upper story. All the washing and drying, together with the 
baking, &c., is done by steam in this building. 

The whole establishment is enclosed by a wall ten feet high ; 
it has received from the citizens the name of the '^ ugly wall/' 
and we think justly so, when the splendid edifices it encloses 
are taken into consideration. 

There are two gates of entrance, one on the north and one on 
the south front of the main edifice. 

The college grounds contain about 41 acres, the eastern por- 
tion of which is laid out in grass-plats, and gravel and paved 
walks, between and around all the buildings. The western 
portion of the estate, which contains 20 acres, is laid out in 
gardens, &c. ; a convenient farmhouse, barn, and outbuildings, 
have been erected on it. 

The whole cost of this magnificent college, including the 
improvements of the grounds, &c., was ^1,933,821 78, which 
is $66,198 22 within the amount specified by Mr. Girard, for 
the erection and endowment of the Institution. 

The whole of this building has been erected in strict accor- 
dance with the will of its founder, with the exception of the 
portico, and that is justified by the proviso, that '^ utility and 
good taste should be left to determine in particulars not speci- 



128 PHILADELPHIA AS IT IS. 

LINNARD & WEBER, 

First Premium Piano-Forle Ware Room; 

NO. 294 CHESTNUT STREET, 
Between 10th and 11th, opposite the Academy of Fine Arts. 

Silver Medal awarded for the best Piano-Forte by the Franklin 
Institute, 1850. 

First Premium and Diploma for the best Piano-Forte by the Ohio 
Mechanics' Institute, Cincinnati, 1851. 

LINNARD & WEBER'S PIANOS 

Have invariably been awarded the highest premium 

whenever and wherever they have been 

brought into competition 

with 

those of other Makers. 

J3@- MANUFACTORY, NO. 396 MARKET STREET, -"g^ 

BETWEEN ELEVENTH AND TWELFTH STS. 

SLOTE & MOONEY 

HAVE RENEWED OPERATIONS IN THE 

OPPOSITE THEIR OLD LOCATION, 
West side of AVheeler's Court, North of St. James Street, 

Which were temporarily suspended on account of the late destruc- 
tive fire, that consumed their entire stock of materials. 
Their Type being all new (a beautiful Scotch face), they are prepared 
to do all work entrusted to them in the neatest 
style, and guarantee that 
it shall 
give full satisfaction in appearance and price. 

Particular attention given to Casting Wood Cuts, and 
Jobbing generally. • 



GIRARD COLLEGE. 129 

fied in the will/' Let those who object, look at the building, 
and say whether it would have been a tasteful object without 
the portico. 

Last year, the remains of Mr. Girard were removed from the 
churchyard. Spruce and Sixth Streets, and now rest tempo- 
rarily in the lower vestibule, on the south end of the building, 
beneath a statue of himself, beautifully cut in marble. It is 
said to be a good likeness. 

There is no country that possesses, either among the ruins 
of ancient or the work of modern days, a more beautiful struc- 
ture than this, or one in which chasteness of design, richness 
of decoration, and exquisite skill of workmanship, are more 
happily combined; and it is a subject of congratulation that 
every part of it was executed by American workmen. 

The number of orphans at present in the College is 305. 
The " wiir^ is the governing principle of the Institution ; it 
provides that the orphans shall be instructed in the various 
branches of a sound education, comprising, reading, writing, 
grammar, arithmetic, geography, navigation, surveying, prac- 
tical mathematics, astronomy, natural, chemical, and experi- 
mental philosophy, the French and Spanish languages, and 
such other sciences and learning as the capacities of the pupils 
may merit or warrant. 

It further directs that the orphans should be admitted be- 
tween the age of six and ten years, and that those who merit 
it shall remain in the college until between the age of four- 
teen and eighteen years, when they are to be bound out to 
some useful occupation, such as agriculture, mechanical trades, 
arts, &c. 

The officers and teachers of the Institution at present com- 
prise a president, a secretary, two professors, two physicians, 
a matron, an assistant matron, five male teachers, twelve female 
teachers, and a steward. 



180 PHILADELPHIA AS IT IS. 

WM. N. WIATT'S 

BOOKBINDERY, 

No. 4 Taylor's Alley, 

BELOW CHESTNUT STREET, RUNNING FROM SECOND TO 
FRONT STREETS, PHILADELPHIA. 

Fine and Plain Binding, Blank work of every description, public 
and private Libraries, Music, and all kinds of Pamphlet work, done 
in the cheapest and best manner, at the shortest notice. 

Jg@^ Jobbing of every description. °^g 



BOOK AND STATIONERY STORE, 

NO. 26 IVZAZDEST STKEET, 



KENSINGTON. 



POWERS & WEIGHTMAN, 

MANUFACTURERS OF 

SULPHATE OF QUINIA, MORPHIAS, MERCURIALS, 
AND MEDICINAL CHEMICALS GENERALLY, 

AVest side of Ninth St., from Brown to Parrisii Sts., 

THOMAS H. POWERS. ^, ., v i • • 

WILLIAM WEIGHTMAN. JPljUaMpljia. 

POWERS, WEIGHTMAN & HARRISON, 

MANUFACTURERS OF 

ALUM, OIL OF VITRIOL, AQUAFORTIS, NITRIC AND MURIATIC 

ACIDS, EPSOM SALTS, BLUE VITRIOL, COPPERAS, ETC., 

AND ALCOHOL, 

schuitziKiij:. falls. 

DIRECT TO 

POWERS &, WEIGHTMAN. MANUFACTURING CHEMISTS, 

Ninth and Parrisii Streets, Pliiladelpliia* 

GEO, L. HARRISON, AND 
POWERS AND WEIGHTMAN. 



PUBLIC SCHOOLS. 131 

Clergymen, under no circumstances, according to the will of 
Mr. Grirard, can be admitted into the College or its appurte- 
nances. 

Tickets of admission can be obtained by applying to any of 
the Directors, of whom the following is a correct list for 
1852 : — Samuel Norris, President, No. 307 Chestnut Street; 
William Biddle, N. W. corner of Eleventh and Arch Streets j 
James J. Boswell, No. 50 High Street ; Joseph R. Chandler, 
No. 105 North Tenth Street; Arthur Q. Coffin, No, 60 
Walnut Street; Joseph Cowperthwait, No. 44 Walnut Street; 
Mord. L. Dawson, N. W. corner of Tenth and Filbert Streets ; 
William J. Duane, No. 138 Walnut Street; James R. Gem- 
mill, No. 75 High Street; Thomas Gr. Hollingsworth, No. 53 
Walnut Street; William Martin, Nos. 9 and 10 Exchange; 
Frederick A. Packard, No. 146 Chestnut Street; Samuel H. 
Perkins, No. 143 Walnut Street; Algernon S. Roberts, No. 
80 J Walnut Street; James Rowland, No. 483 Arch Street; 
William Welsh, No. 50 South Wharves; Henry W. Arey, 
Secretary, No. 153 South Ninth Street. 

PUBLIC SCHOOLS. 

The early settlers of Pennsylvania well knew the importance 
of education, and encouraged its diifusion. The illustrious 
Penn says, in his Frame of Grovernment, " Let men be good, 
and the government cannot be bad; but if men be bad, let the 
government be ever so good, they will warp and spoil it, to 
their turn. Those, therefore, who make a good government 
must keep it; viz., men of wisdom and virtue, which qualities, 
because they are not inherited, must be propagated by a na- 
tional education of youth. '^ No system of general education 
was, however, attempted during our colonial existence. The 
patriots who framed the first state constitution, provided, ^' that 
a school or schools shall be established in each county by the 



132 PHILADELPHIA AS IT IS. 



EDV^^RD SHIPPElTf 
Attorney and Counsellor at liaiV) and CommUsioner for nearly- 
all of the United States^ including California* 

No. 173 Walnut Street. 

JOHN L. YOUNG, 

CHEAP AND FASHIONABLE 

HAT AND CAP MANUFACTURER, 

S. W. corner of Sch'l Front and Market Streets, Fhilada. 

FLEGEL, ANTRIM, & ROGERS, 

MANUFACTUEERS OP 

Eegs, Barrels, and other GaskSj 

BY MACHINERY, DRIVEN BY STEAM OR OTHER POWER, 

"StW* Corner of Twelftli and Button wood Streets* 

J. S P I T T A L L, 

ENGRAVER AND DESIGNER ON WOOD, 

No. 141 Walnut Street, North Side, below Fifth. 

Views of Buildings, Newspaper Heads, and Medical and Miscel- 
laneous Illustrations. Also Xylographic Engravings, for Druggists' 
Labels, Manufacturers, &c. 

IMPORTERS AND WHOLESALE DEALERS IN 

BOOT & SHOE FINDING S, 

NO. 32 NORTH FOURTH STREET, 

SAMUEL B. ASHMEAD, | W ll U tt b C I P I) l tt. 

JOHN K. HART, / ^ ' ^ ' 

JOHN H. SIMON, 

AND BLANK BOOK MANUFACTURER. 

Paper and Rag Warehouse, No. 114 North Third Street, 

ONE DOOR ABOVE RACE, PHILADA. 

J^^=° Highest Price paid for Rags. °^a 

THE VOICE OF THE WORLD. ~ 

AWARDED TO CONRAD MEYER, 

FOR HIS TWO PIANOS, OCTOBER 15TH, 185 1. 

ROYAL JURY ON MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS. 

W. Sterndale Rennet, London; Hector Berlioz, Paris; Sir Henry Bishop, London; 
Dr. Robert Black, America; Dr. Schafhault, Munich, Germany; Sir Georpte Smart, 
London; Sigismund Thai berg, London; Dr. Wylde, London; Chevalier Newkom, 
London ; Professor IMschhof, Vienna ; Cipriani Potter, London. 



PUBLIC SCHOOLS. 133 

legislature for the convenient instruction of youth, and that 
all useful learning shall be duly encouraged, in one or more 
universities/' 

The Constitution of 1790 directed that ^Hhe legislature should, 
as soon as conveniently may be, provide by law, for the esta- 
blishment of schools throughout the State, in such manner that 
the poor may be taught gratis. '^ 

Notwithstanding these provisions, little was done by public 
authority towards promoting this great national cause, until 
the year 1818, when the act " to provide for the education of 
children at the public expense, within the city and county of 
Philadelphia," was passed. 

This act was the foundation of our system of common schools. 
The intelligent regarded the success of this experiment with 
deep solicitude, and they soon had reason to be gratified with 
the results. 

In the Lancasterian system, then popular, there were, how- 
ever, serious and inherent defects, and the controllers and direc- 
tors became convinced that a radical change was necessary. 
It was made j and the monitors were succeeded by assistant 
teachers. 

In the year 1828, the controllers were authorized to establish 
schools for the instruction of children under five years of age ; 
and in 1832, a model infant school was opened. Secondary 
schools were subsequently established, and the infant schools 
changed to primary. 

The Central High School, Juniper below Market Street, 
is a beautifully-situated building, with a marble front, embel- 
lished with a portico in the Ionic order. This school was 
established in October, 1838, and has ever since been in suc- 
cessful operation. Its high character is widely known and 
appreciated ; and our city may well be proud of an institution 

12 



134 



PHILADELPHIA AS IT IS. 



E. L. MOSS, 
NOTE AND BILL BROKER, 

No. 80 Walnut Street, 

Second door below Fourth Street, Philadelphia. 

PROMISSORY NOTES AND LOANS ON COLLATERALS NEGOTIATED PROMPTLY. 

COLLECTIONS MADE IN THE SOUTH. 



WM. BAILY & SON, 
Imjiorters and Dealers in 

ENGLISH, FRENCH & SWISS WVTCHES, 

JKWELRY, SILVEK-WAKK, PLATED- 

WARE, AND FANCY ARTICLES, 

' Are constantly rereivinsr the latest styles 
of the above Goods, which are oifered at 
wholesale or retail, at 
No. 216 Market Street, above Sixth, near 
Decatur Street, Philadelpliia 



^""^^^ 



ESTABLISHED IN 1815. 



l<^' 



■^ 'Warranted to le what they a'^'^ 



HERRING'S (WILDER'S PATENT) SALAMANDER SAFES. 
Awarded the 



Prize Medal 

at the 
World's Fair, 

London. 




U Walnut, 

and 
25 Granite 

Streets, 
Philadelphia. 



JOHN FARREIi, Sole Agent for State of Penna. 

R. TELFER, 

DESIGNER AND ENGRAVER ON WDOD, 

No. 47 South Fourth Street, 

CORNER OF HARMONY COURT. 

BOOK AND NEWSPAPER ILLUSTRATIONS, VIEWS OP BUILDINGS 
AND MACHINERY^ SHOWBILLS, LABELS, ETC. 

J|@* Drawings for Patents and designs of all kinds executed -with 
promptness to order. 



PUBLIC SCHOOLS. 



185 




CENTRAL HIGH SCHOOL. 



which, we think, is not surpassed by any similar one in this 
country. 

Since its establishment, upwards of 2130 students have 
enjoyed its benefits. The average number attending the school 
at present is about 500. The course of studies taught, is well 
calculated to prepare them for a career, honourable alike to 
themselves, and useful to their country. These studies com- 
prise Latin and Grreek, French and Spanish, extra English, 
English and Anglo-Saxon, belles-lettres, history, moral, men- 
tal, and political sciences, mathematics, graphics, anatomy, 
physiology, natural history, natural philosophy, and chemistry. 

The examinations of candidates for admission are held semi- 
annually, in January and July. Candidates to be admitted must 
be twelve years of age, must have passed at least one year in 
one of the public schools of this district, and must show on 



136 nilLADELPHIA AS IT IS. 

LINN, SMITH & CO., 

WHOLESALE DRUGGISTS, 

TSo. 8 South Third Street, 

THREE DOORS BELOW MARKET STREET, 
CLAUDIUS B. LINN. HORACE P. SMITH. A. I. OLMSTED. 



L., S. & Co., have always on hand a complete assortment of 

DRUGS, MEDICINES, CHEMICALS, 

SrRGICAL INSTRUMENTS, PATENT MEDICINES, 

MEDICINE CHESTS AND MEDICAL SADDLE-BAGS, 

PAINTS, OILS, GLASS, DYE-STUFFS, 

ACIDS, ZZTDIGO, VARXriSHES^ 

Perfumery, Fancy Goods, &c., &c., 

To which they invite the attention of Druggists, Physicians, and 
Country Dealers generally. Particular attention is given to the 
qualities of their articles ; and their arrangements for packing and 
shipping goods being very complete, they are prepared to fill all 
orders with the utmost despatch. 



PUBLIC SCHOOLS. 137 

examination that he can read, write, and spell correctly, and 
that he has a competent knowledge of grammar, geography, 
history, arithmetic, algebra, and mensuration. 

In the year 1819, there were in the first school district 10 
schools, 2845 pupils, and 10 teachers. At present there are 
256 schools, 727 teachers, and about 50,000 scholars. 

The number and designation of these schools are, 1 High, 
1 Normal, 53 Grammar, 29 Secondary, 130 Primary, and 40 
unclassified, all under the direction of 23 controllers and 210 
directors, distributed throughout the eleven sections, comprising 
the city and onrn.tj of Philadelphia. 

These schooio, since their organization, have been continued 
with increasing interest, by the controllers and directors. Our 
citizens regard their support as a social requirement and public 
obligation, their efficiency and usefulness being abundantly 
manifest, from the great number annually emanating from 
them, instructed in all the useful branches of education. 

To render the instruction in the public schools still more 
perfect, the controllers and directors were authorized to esta- 
blish the Normal School, for the instruction of female teachers, 
which was done in 1848. The instruction of the pupils in 
this school, consists of a thorough training in all the branches 
taught in the public schools, with reference to teaching, toge- 
ther with such a course of mental and moral discipline, as shall 
improve the understanding and elevate the character. The 
course of instruction extends through a term of two years, and 
is the very best that could possibly be adopted to accomplish 
the design of its establishment. 

The examination of candidates for admission is semi-annual, 
in February and July. To be admitted as a pupil, the candi- 
date must be fifteen years of age, and must be proficient in 
orthography, definition of words, reading, English Grammar, 
History of the United States, arithmetic and penmanship, and 

12* 



138 



PHILADELPHIA AS IT IS. 



ALBRA WADLEIGH, 
Southwest Corner of Fourth and Chestnut Streets, 

(PHILADELPHIA BANK BUILDING,) 

GENERAL FIRE AND LIFE INSURANCE AGENCY, 

AND SPECIAL AGENT FOR THE 

CONNECTICUT MUTUAL LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY, 
Of Hartford, Capital $1,200,000, 

HARTFORD FIRE INSURANCE COMPANY, 
Of Hartford, Chartered 1810, 

CASH MUTUAL FIRE INSURANCE COMPANY, 
Of Harrisburg. 




PHILADELPHIA 

STEAM SUGAR REFINERV, 

No. 27 Church Alley. 
JOSEPH S. LOVERING & CO., 

PROPRIETORS. 

sm^ Steam Sugar, Refined without the use of Blood. 



HOUSE OF REFUGE. 1-il 

Morris School — Palmer above Duke Street. 

Harrison School — Master near Second Street. 

The Philadelphia Society for the Establishment 
AND Support of Charity Schools, was incorporated the 6tli 
of April, 1791. This association was organized for the purpose 
of establishing and supporting schools, to educate gratis in 
reading, writing, arithmetic, and other useful learning, chil- 
dren of the poor, of all denominations, in the city of Philadelphia, 
the districts of Southwark, and the Northern Liberties. The 
school. Walnut Street west of Sixth, under charge of this So- 
ciety, has always maintained a high character. The average 
number of pupils attending, is about one hundred and fifty. 
The studies pursued in the Boys' Grammar School, comprise 
reading, penmanship, arithmetic, algebra, mensuration, gram- 
mar, geography, and History and Constitution of the United 
States. The girls, in addition to their studies, are taught 
various branches of needlework. This is very important, and 
will probably, in after life, be of great value to them. 

This association is principally supported in its labours by 
the patronage of the benevolent. 

House of Refuge. — This noble school of reformation, was 
incorporated on the 23d of March, 1826. Its object is "the 
employment of the idle, instruction of the ignorant, reformation 
of the depraved — a general diffusion of good morals, enlarge- 
ment of virtuous society, and the protection of life and property. 
Various Acts of Assembly have been subsequently passed, in 
aid of the Institution, and in extending its benefits. Persons 
under the age of twenty-one years, may be sent to the " Refuge'' 
by the different criminal courts throughout the State ; also by 
the magistrates of the City and County of Philadelphia, in 
either of the following modes, viz., "on the complaint of the 
parent, guardian, or next friend, and with due proof that such 
infant is vicious and beyond the control of such parent, guardian. 



142 



PHILADELPHIA AS IT IS. 



IP-* 1*J 



®®*i 



OLESALE CLOT'' iG ESTABLISHMENT, 

S. W. corner of Fiflh and Market Streets, 
J)l)Uabelpl)ia. 




CYRUS W. FOSS, 

Southwest Corner of Fourth and Chestnut Streets, 

GENERAL FIRE AND LIFE INSURANCE AGENCY, 

AND SPECIAL AGENT FOR THE 



KEYSTONE LIFE INSURANCE CO., OF PENNSYLYANIA, 

AT HARRISBURG, 

AND THE 

CASH MUTUAL FIRE INSURANCE CO., HARRISBURG, PENNA. 



HOUSE OF REFUGE. 143 

&c. Or where complaint and due proof is made that such infant 
is a proper subject for the House of Eefuge, in consequence of 
vagrancy or vicious conduct, aii^^ • ^ at the parent, guardian, &c., 
in whose care such infant is, is inc .^ able or unwilling to exercise 
a proper control over the said infant/' 

There are two departments in the institution ; one for white, 
and the other for coloured children. 

The white department, is situated on Coates Street, between 
Schuylkill Seventh and Eighth Streets. The area occupied is 
about two and a quarter acres. The buildings were erected 
in 1827 and 1828. They accommodate 170 boys and 70 girls. 
The first inmate was received on the 8th of December, 1828. 

The coloured department, situated on the corner of William 
and Parrish Streets, was opened on the 1st of January, 1850. 
The lot on which these buildings stand, is 400 by 210 feet. 
The plan contemplates the accommodation of 154 boys and 98 
girls; but provision is at present only made for 72 of the 
former and 36 of the latter. Want of funds has prevented the 
completion of this praiseworthy object. 

Great improvements have been introduced into these build- 
ings ; they are well warmed, lighted, and ventilated, and are 
very commodious. They were erected at a cost of $70,000. 
It is in contemplation by the managers to erect new buildings, 
for the accommodation of the white children, when the neces- 
sary funds are obtained. An admirable site, adjoining that of 
the coloured department, has been obtained. The lot is ample, 
being 400 feet square. A plan of the buildings, &c., has been 
selected by the board of managers, which will, if fully carried 
out, accommodate 500 children. No efi'ort, we trust, will be want- 
ing to make these new buildings a model for all similar institu- 
tions. The boys in the white department, are employed in canine- 
chair seats, bookbinding, and making razor straps ; while those 
in the coloured department, are occupied in making umbrella 



144 



PHILADELPHIA AS IT IS. 



C. & E. TRACY, 

MANUFACTURERS OP 






AND DEALERS IN 



GOLD AND SILVER BULLION, 

GOIiDSiyCITHS' HAI^Im, 



LIBRARY 



STREET, 



SOUTH 



SIDE, 




EAST 



OF 



FIFTH 



STREET. 



®^2iai?(^SiiSIU^ (a(i>a^ QCs>l*J^21"3<i 



Circular. — We avail ourselves of this opportunity to announce our 
removal to Goldsmiths' Hall, Library Street, where, in larger and 
more convenient premises, we shall continue our business as manu- 
facturers of Watch Cases and Dials, and Assayers and Dealers in Gold 
and Silver Bullion. 

We tender thanks to our customers for the business they have been 
pleased heretofore to transact with us, and assure them we shall 
hereafter study still more closely to please. 

With our present facilities, we shall be able to do a larger amount 
of work, to be more prompt in the execution of special orders, and 
shall endeavour to give every satisfaction in the style and character 
of work entrusted to us. 

Being confident that we are now better prepared than ever to serve 
the wants of the Watch Trade, we respectfully solicit orders. 

C. & E. TRACY. 



academy op the visitation. 147 

Academy of the Protestant Episcopal Church. — 
This Institution was established in 1785, under the auspices of 
the late Bishop White, and revived in 1846, under those of 
Bishop Potter. The Academy, lately erected in Locust Street, 
near Broad, is a noble building, in the Elizabethan style, con- 
structed of red stone. — The pupils are conducted through a 
course of classical and elementary instruction ; to such as have 
the ministry in view, those branches of learning are taught, 
which the canons of this church require as preliminary to an 
entrance upon a course of theological study. A playground 
is attached to the building, and the upper stories are furnished 
with gymnastic implements for the exercise of the pupils. 

Theological Seminary of St. Charles Borromeo. — 
Schuylkill Fifth and Race Streets. This Institution was in- 
corporated in 1848, and is under the direction of Lazaritists, 
or priests of the Congregation of Missions. It is supported, 
principally, by the voluntary donations of the faithful of the 
diocese. The number of students is about thirty, twenty-one 
of whom are preparing for orders : within the past year four 
priests have been ordained. The Seminary buildings have 
lately been enlarged and much improved. 

Philadelphia Academy of the Visitation, situated 
on the southwest corner of Broad and Poplar Streets. The loca- 
tion of this Institution, and the adaptation of the buildings and 
grounds to the health, comfort, and recreation of the inmates, 
are such, as to excite the admiration of all who are interested 
therein. Its position is peculiarly favourable, fronting on the 
noblest avenue in Philadelphia, and situated on one of the 
highest points of ground in the vicinity. This beautiful build- 
ing is of marble, in the Grecian style. It was erected origi- 
nally by one of our wealthy citizens as a private mansion; it 
possesses every convenience for the purpose to which it is now 
appropriated. It is surrounded by a garden, enclosed in front 



148 



PHILADELPHIA AS IT IS. 



R. LINDSAY & CO, 

BOOKSELLERS & STATIONERS, 

N. W. Corner of Fourth and Chestnut Streets, 




''5>-WH0lv 



HAVE ALWAYS ON HAND, A GENERAL ASSORTMENT OF 

MISCELLANEOUS, SCHOOL & CLASSICAL BOOKS, 

ALSO, 

ELEGANT ILLUSTRATED WORKS, 

AND THE 

BIBLES AND PRAYER BOOKS, 

OF VARIOUS STYLES OP BINDING. 
JUVENILE BOOKS IN GREAT ViLRIETlT; 

WITH A GENERAL ASSORTMENT OF 

BLANK BOOKS AND STATIONERY, 

All for sale at very low prices* 



SUNDAY SCHOOLS. 



149 




ACADEMY OF THE VISITATION. 



from the street, by an ornamental iron railing. The grounds 
are spacious, tastefully laid out, and planted with choice and 
beautiful shade trees, shrubs, and flowers. The Academy is 
under the direction of the Ladies of Visitation. 

It may be well to say that this is also the Convent of the 
Visitation of the Blessed Virgin Mary. There are nineteen 
members in the community, thirteen of whom are professed. 
The Institution was incorporated in 1850. 

Society for the Institution and Support of First-day 
OR Sunday Schools, in the city of Philadelphia, and the 
districts of Southwark and the Northern Liberties. This asso- 
ciation, however unpretending in its efforts, has been continued 
through a long series of years. It was organized January 
11th, 1791, by a number of benevolent individuals, their ob- 
ject being "to procure instruction to be given upon the Sabbath, 

13* 



150 PHILADELPHIA AS IT IS. 

JOSEPH H. BRIGHTLY, 

AND 

ENGRAVER ON WOOD, 

No. 141 Chestnut Street, 

THIRD STORY. 

The principal part of the Engravings in this work designed by J. H. B. 

THE FAMILY PAPER OF PHILADELPHIA. 

Fitzgerald's City Item is a weekly family journal, especially 
devoted to Literature, the Fine Arts, Music, and the Drama, of a 
medium size, printed with clear type, on fine white paper. It is dis- 
tributed throughout the city and districts by faithful carriers, and 
carefully and securely mailed to all parts of the world. 

The large and rapidly increasing circulation of " The Item" renders 
it a most valuable advertising medium for our merchants. 

Fitzgerald's City Item is sold by all the periodical agents in the 
city, and may be obtained of them on Thursday afternoon — price 
Five Cents a copy, and copies may be obtained of the principal news- 
paper dealers throughout the United States. 

OUR SUBSCRIPTION TERMS, 

Which can in no case be departed from. Single subscriptions, 
TWO DOLLARS A YEAR, to be paid invariably in advance. No 
paper will be sent without the cash, and in no case continued beyond 
the time paid for. We shall adhere strictly to this rule. 

OUR ADVERTISING TERMS. 

(TEX LINES CONSTITUTE A SQUARE.) 

One Square, one insertion, - - - - $ 60 ' 

Each succeeding ------ 30 

Sixteen lines, half-yearly, - - - - 8 00 

" " yearly, 16 00 

Subscriptions, orders, remittances, and all communications must 
be addressed [post paid, or they will not be taken from the post-office) to 

FITZGERAL.D &- Co., 
No. 46 SoutU Third St., 3d story, Pliilada. 



SUNDAY SCHOOLS. 151 

to such persons as from indigence or other cause were deprived 
of the advantages of moral and intellectual culture in daily 
schools. The first school opened by the Society was at the 
corner of Arch and Third Streets. This was the first free school 
in the State. A second was shortly afterwards opened in Front 
near Arch Street. The success attending this movement, in- 
duced its friends to petition the Legislature, praying ^Hhem to 
establish free schools throughout the State I" In 1797, an act 
of incorporation was granted to this Society, whose mission was 
to prepare the way for other and more improved organizations. 
In consequence of the formation of Sunday Schools by the 
various religious denominations, the necessity of those under 
notice were in a great degree obviated, and they were closed 
about the year 1819. 

At a meeting of the Society in that year, the Board of Visi- 
ters were authorized to apply the funds of the Institution in 
future, as they might from time to time deem advisable, to- 
wards the support of Sunday Schools already established in 
this city. The funds of the Society are invested in mortgages, 
ground rents, &c., the annual interest of which is about $300. 

Communications may be left at the Depository of the 
American Sunday School Union, 146 Chestnut Street. 

Robert Raikes Union Sunday School, Sixth below 
Carpenter Street. This is a neat and substantial building. 
The school is designed for those children who would otherwise 
'^run the street on the Sabbath,'^ although many respectable 
and worthy people send their families to it. It is under the 
direction of the Philadelphia Sunday School Union. 

The Howard Sunday School, situated on the south 
side of Shippen below Fourth Street, Southwark. This Insti- 
tution is one of those noble monuments of truly Christian bene- 
volence, so general in our city. Its mission is to seek out 
from the poverty-stricken, the degraded, and the vicious, in the 



152 



PHILADELPHIA AS IT IS. 



EAGLE WORKS. 



R0MI6, LAY & GO,, 

MANUFACTURERS OP 




PRINTING INKS, 

No. 51 South Fourth Street, 

|]l)ilabclpl]ia, 

Who keep constantly on hand and for sale, all kinds of News, Book, 
and Coloured Inks, Printers' Varnish, Lithographers' Ink, Copper- 
plate Printers' Oil, &c. All of which are warranted equal to any 
made in the United States. 

This advertisement and the balance of the book to the end, is 
printed with Ink from the Eagle Works, and is referred to, as a spe- 
cimen of the quality. 



SCHOOLS AND ACADEMIES. 153 

outskirts of the city, those children, whose education, morals, 
and religious training, have been neglected; to rescue, to 
teach, and to elevate them to respectability and usefulness. 
Every friend and lover of his kind, ought to be a supporter of 
the Howard School. 

The Atmwell School Society, was established in the 
year 1796, principally by the Society of Friends, for the gra- 
tuitous instruction of female children. We visited one of 
these schools, situated in Cherry Street, below Tenth, on the 
north side, and were much pleased with the arrangement 
of the building, and the order and strict attention to their 
studies manifested by the children. The course of studies 
embraces only the useful branches. They are taught well. 

In addition to the above institutions, there are numerous 
others, supported by the benevolent, or by the different reli- 
gious denominations. Among which, are the free schools for 
the education of coloured children, the parish schools 
attached to the Episcopal and Koman Catholic Churches, 
the Presbyterian Institute, the Adelphia School, the Free 
School for the education of Negro Children, founded by Dr. 
Bray, in 1696, and established by " his associates,'' in this city 
at an early date; together with those established and sup- 
ported by the Society of Friends. This last Society was the 
first to establish institutions for the promotion of literature in 
Pennsylvania. The first charter granted for this purpose was 
that by William Penn, in 1697, 'Ho the overseers of the 
schools.'' Nor should we forget the numerous private schools 
and academies which abound in all parts of the city and dis- 
tricts, the very names of which would exceed the limits of the 
present chapter. 



154 PHILADELPHIA AS IT IS. 

PASCAL IRON WORKS. 

MORRIS, TASKER & MORRIS, 

MANUFACTURERS OF 

wMusat mm mmm mm^ 

FOR GAS, STEAM, WATER, ETC. 

STEAM! BOILER FLUES, 

LAP-WELDED, OR BUTT-WELDED WITH SAFE ENDS, 

FOR 

MARINE, LOCOMOTIVE, AND OTHER BOILERS, 

Cut to definite length, as required. 

STOCKS AVTD DIES, 

STEAM VALVES, GAS PIPE TONGS, ETC. 

DWELLINGS, HOTELS, FACTORIES, 

ALSO 

HOSPITALS, PRISONS, OR OTHER PUBLIC BUILDINGS, 

BY THE APPLICATION OP STEAM OR HOT WATER, ON THE MOST 
APPROVED PRINCIPLES. 

Warehouse^ South Third Street^ 

First Door below Walnut Street, 

PHILADELPHIA. 




llilll 



ilill!ll'!!,'i,.ii 












';' ■!(V! 



mm4 t 

I Ik iif 






'liiiiiii 
iiiiii 



i'liill P 



wmm 



156 PHILADELPHIA AS IT IS. 

GEORGE STURGES, 

MANUFACTURER OP 

IMPROVED SPIRAL SPRING MATTRASSES, 

AND 

CAST IRON FURNITURE. 

THREE SILVER MEDALS AWARDED. 

THE AMERICAN INSTITUTE, 
At the late great Fair, held in New York, October 1851, 

THE FRANKLIN INSTITUTE, 
At their Exhibition, held in Philadelphia, November 1851, and 

THE MARYLAND INSTITUTE, 
Just closed, at Baltimore, Maryland, awarded 

Jfivut iivcmium Silljer pietraljs 

TO THE 
MANUFACTURED ONLY BY THE SUBSCRIBER, 

Thus endorsing the opinion expressed by hundreds of our most intel- 
ligent citizens, that this Mattrass is superior to all others for comfort, 
elasticity, convenience of handling, cheapness, and durability, and the 

ONLY PERFECT SPRING BED NOW IN USE. 
The public are invited to call and judge for themselves. 

MEDALS WERE ALSO AWARDED TO THEIR 

An assortment of which, together with a variety of other articles of 
Cast Iron Furniture, are offered and may be had 

AT LOW PRICES. 

asoxiaE STURctzis, 

No. m Walnut Street, Philadelphia, 
S. AV. corner of Baltimore and Frederick Sts., Bait. 



MEDICAL COLLEGES. 157 



CHAPTER V. 



MEDICAL COLLEGES, 



Few cities are more renowned than Piiiladelpliia. True, she 
is not celebrated in historic page, the beguiling legend, or 
poetic song, for battles or for bloody sieges. Her fame is 
more lasting. She has been honoured by the sojourn and 
paternal care of the peaceful, yet heroic William Penn, and 
of Washington, of Patrick Henry, John Adams, and their 
compatriots. Here has been the home of Franklin, Morris, 
Logan, and Rittenhouse. Here convene the scientific, phi- 
lanthropic, and political conventions, and the deliberative as- 
semblies of the various religious societies; and here stands 
the Hall of Independence, where the memorable Declaration of 
Freedom was promulgated, which has sounded so loudly, and 
which yet reverberates in the ears of an awakening world. 

Of the many public institutions of which this city can boast, 
none surpass those for medical education. In this department 
of science she has been favoured with the labours of a Shippen, 
Rush, Wistar, Physick, Barton, Dewees, Godman, Eberle, and 
a host of others. 

No less celebrated or entitled to regard are those who are 
now advancing medical science. They are men of whom we 
may justly feel proud, and their labours add no small amount 
to the laurels won by those just mentioned. Here obstetrics 
has become a science, and surgery advanced equal to its 

14 



158 PHILADELPHIA AS IT IS. 

MEDICAL DEPARTMENT. 

EIGHTY-SIXTH SESSION, 1851-52. 

The Lectures will commence on Monday, October the 6th, and ter- 
minate about the end of March ensuing. 

THEORY AND PRACTICE OF MEDICINE, 

By GEORGE B. WOOD, M.D. 

ANATOMY, 

By WILLIAM E. HORNER, M.D. 

MATERIA MEDICA AND PHARMACY, 

By JOSEPH CARSON, M.D. 

CHEMISTRY, 

By JAMES B. ROGERS, M.D. 

SURGERY, 

By WILLIAM GIBSON, M.D. 

OBSTETRICS AND DISEASES OF WOMEN AND CHILDREN, 

By HUGH L. HODGE, M.D. 

INSTITUTES OF MEDICINE, 

By SAMUEL JACKSON, M.D. 

Clinical Instruction at the Pennsylvania Hospital by 

GEO. B. WOOD, M.D., and by GEO. W. NORRIS, M.D. 

Demonstrative Instruction in Medicine and Surgery by the Profes- 
sors of the Medical Faculty, assisted by 
W. W. GERHARD, M.D., and HENRY H. SMITH, M. D. 
Practical Anatomy, by JOHN NEILL, M.D., Demonstrator. 

W. E. HORNER, M.D., 

I>ea?i of the Medical Faculty, 
386 Chestnut Street, above Thirteenth, opposite United States Mint, 
PIIILADELrillA. 



UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA. 



159 



European state. Philadelphia surgery is nowhere secondary. 
She has the oldest surgical clinic, and can show the greatest 
number of surgical operations, and the largest medical library 
in the country. Here was established the first medical school 
in the Union, and here are now the largest number of 
medical colleges, the most valuable publications, the most 
learned authors, and by far the greatest number of medical 
students. 

What more is requisite to justify the assertion, that Phila- 
delphia is the Medical Metropolis of the United States ? 




UNIVEKSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA. 



The first of these institutions to which we call the atten- 
tion of the reader is the Medical Department of 

The University of Pennsylvania, Ninth Street below 
Market. The University of Pennsylvania had been in existence, 
first as a simple Academy and then a College, some sixteen 
years before a system of medical instruction was admitted into 
its plan. This event took place on the 3d of May, 1765, the 
date at which the first medical professor was appointed. This 
was undoubtedly the first Medical College in the United 
States. 



160 PHILADELPHIA AS IT IS. 

GEORGE W. COLLADAY, 
CONVEYANCER, 

(late recorder of deeds for PHILADELPHIA COUNTY,) 

Goldsmiths' Hall, Library Street, 

No. 3 Main Entrance. 
STRATTOXT'S 



No. 10 North Sixth Street, 

(near market street, west side,) 

33f)tlatidj)!)fa. 

PAWSON & NICHOLSON, 

BOOKBINDERS, 

No. 23 Minor Street, 

BETWEEN MARKET AND CHESTNUT, BELOW SIXTH STREET, 

Amateurs and Connoisseurs are respectfully informed they can have 
their rare or choice books bound in a manner that will yie with the 
first class Paris or London binding. 

B. PRANK PALMER, 

INVENTOR AND MANUFACTURER OF 

PALMER'S PATENT ARTIFICIAL LEG, 

The perfect/ac smi7e of nature, strong and durable, excessively light, 
adapted to all cases of amputation, with free use of knee, ankle, and 
toe joints, by means of a tendo Achilles and the tendons and springs, 
which perform functions of the flexor and extensor muscles. Honoured 
with 

TWENTY GOLD AND SILVER (FIRST PREMIUM) MEDALS. 

AND THE 

MEDAL OF THE WORLD'S EXHIBITION, LONDON, 1851, 

The eminent surgeons of the jurors awarding which pronounced 

" Palmer' s patent, the best art leg they had ever seen." 

Offices— 376 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia. 
Burt's Block, Springfield, Mass. 
30 Regent Street, London, England. 



UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA. 161 

The idea of establishing this school in Philadelphia was con- 
ceived by Dr. Wm. Shippen and Dr. John Morgan. Some 
conversation upon the subject passed between these gentle- 
men, while prosecuting their studies in Europe ; but to which 
of the two the merit of priority in the conception belongs, has 
not been determined. Dr. Shippen, on his return from Europe 
in 1765, delivered a course of lectures in this city on anato- 
my, in the introduction to which he expressed his belief " in 
the expediency and practicability of teaching medicine in all 
its branches in Philadelphia.^' In the mean time, Dr. Morgan 
formed the project of engrafting a Medical Department on the 
College of Philadelphia, and secured in its favour several of the 
most influential friends of the Institution both in Great Britain 
and America. The project was laid before the trustees, on the 
3d of May, 1765, and approved. Dr. Morgan was immediately 
appointed Professor of the Theory and Practice of Medicine, 
and on the 23d of September, the same year. Dr. Shippen was 
appointed Professor of Anatomy and Surgery. Since then the 
number of Professors has been increased, until, at the present 
time, they comprise a Professor of the Theory and Practice of 
Medicine, a Professor of Chemistry, a Professor of Surgery, 
a Professor of Anatomy, a Professor of the Institutes of Medi- 
cine, a Professor of Obstetrics and Diseases of Women and 
Children, a Professor of Materia Medica and Pharmacy, and a 
Professor of Clinical Surgery. Courses of Lectures are de- 
livered by each of the Professors upon the branches of medicine 
respectively attached to their chairs. The sessions begin early 
in October and continue through March. 

The Anatomical Museum in the Medical Hall is fifty feet 
square, with a gallery on three sides. It is abundantly fur- 
nished with preparations of every kind calculated to give the 
fullest illustrations of a course of anatomical lectures. The 
Surgical Cabinet is richly supplied with the means of demon- 

14* 



162 PHILADELPHIA AS IT IS. 

The regular course of Lectures in this Institution commences early in 
October, and continues until the 1st of March. The annual Com- 
mencement for conferring Degrees is held early in March. 
The Faculty is composed as follows : 

ROBLEY DUNGLISON, M.D., 

Professor of Institutes of Medicijie, ^c. 

ROBERT M. HUSTON, M.D., 

Prof, of Materia Medica and General Therapeutics. 

JOSEPH PANCOAST, M.D., 

Prof, of General, Descriptive, and Surgical Anatomy. 

JOHN K. MITCHELL, M.D^ 

Prof, of Practice of Medicine. 

THOMAS D. MUTTER, M.D., 

Prof of Institutes and Practice of Surgery. 

CHARLES D. MEIGS, M.D., 

Prof, of Obstetrics and Diseases of Wornen and Children. 

FRANKLIN BACHE, M.D., 

Prof of Chemistry. 

The College is in Tenth Street below Chestnut. It is a beautiful 
and commodious structure, which has been modified and enlarged, 
from time to time, to adapt it for the necessary number of students. 

The Chemical Laboratory, and the different Cabinets and Museum 
are well supplied with materials for teaching ; and connected with 
the buildings is an hospital department for the reception of surgical 
cases especially. 

Every Wednesday and Saturday in the month of October, and during 
the course. Medical and Surgical cases are investigated, prescribed 
for, and lectured on before the class. During the last year nineteen 
hundred and seventy-nine cases were treated, and two hundred and 
seventy-three operations performed. Amongst these were many major 
operations — as lithotomy, amputation of the leg, arm, &c., extirpation 
of the eye and mamma ; trephining, extensive plastic operations ; re- 
section of the femur for anchylosis, &c., &c. 

The Lectures are so arranged as to permit the student to attend 
the Lectures and Clinical Demonstrations at the Pennsylvania Hospital. 

On and after the 1st of October, the dissecting rooms are open, 
under the direction of the Professor of Anatomy and the Demonstra- 
tor, Dr. Ellerslie Wallace. 

The Fees are as follows : 

Matriculation, which is paid only once, $5 00 

To each Professor, $15, . . . 105 00 

For Graduation, .... 30 00 

The number of students during the session 1850-51, was 504 ; and 
of Graduates 227. 

R. M. HUSTON, M.D., 
Dean of the Faculty, No. 1 Girard St. 

PHILADEiPHIA, NoT,, 1851. 



JEFFERSON MEDICAL COLLEGE. 



163 



stration, and the chemical apparatus is equal in extent and 
variety to any other in the country. 

The Medical Hall is admirably adapted for the purposes of 
the school. It is central in location, and has ample space 
around for free circulation of air. Its dimensions and archi- 
tectural character are such as not to appear incongruous with 
the extent of the school and the high objects for which it was 
established. 




JEFFERSON MEDICAL COLLEGE. 



The Jefferson Medical College was established in 
1825, and chartered the same year. 

The College building, Tenth Street, between Chestnut and 
Walnut, has been repeatedly enlarged, in order to accommodate 
the constantly increasing number of students. 

The principal of these enlargements took place in the year 
1845, when the flourishing condition of the school was such as 
to render the old building (itself already very large) entirely 
inadequate to the purpose for which it was intended. The 
building as it appears at present, was designed by Mr. N. Le 
Brun, architect, and exhibits, on a lot of limited dimensions, the 



164 PHILADELPHIA AS IT IS. 

GEORGE W. LORD & SON, 
AUCTIONEERS, 

210 Market Street, corner of Decatur, up stairs. 
BOOKS, STATIONERY, BOOTS AND SHOES, ETC. 

mSNUV TEM'M'EM'T, 

WORKER IN 

TIN PLATE, SHEET-IRON, ZINC, COPPER, ETC., 

Xo* 3 North. Sixth Street, Pliiladelpliia. 

EDWARD Y. FAEQUHAR, CONVEYANCER^ 

Kotars iDutjltc* 

COMMISSIONER FOR THE FOLLOWING STATES: 

VERMONT, DELAWARE, ALABAMA, MINESOTA, 

RHODE ISLAND, INDIANA, OHIO, MISSOURI. 

Farqiihar Buildiiigs, "Walnut Street* 



JOHN W. RYAN, 

MANUFACTURER OF 

ALCOHOL, CA»IFKINI!, 

AND 

Swanson and Washington Sts., Southwark, Pliilada. 



PHILADELPHIA GENERAL INSURANCE AGENCY, 
U§ Chestnut Street, U. S. Hotel Building. 

This Agency is now doing business for five different Companies, all 
of which have promptly and liberally paid their losses in this city. 
Their aggregate capital is heavy, giving us facilities for insuring to 
a large amount, on one risk or property. We are happy in being 
able to state, that our efforts to afford property holders their insurance 
at fair rates, appears to have been appreciated. A large patronage 
has been kindly extended ; and for this mark of public confidence 
in us, as underwriters, we feel ourselves greatly indebted. 

GILLETT & COGGSHALL, Agents. 

LEE & WALKER'S 

(successors to GEORGE WILLIG;) 

188 Chestnut Street, under the Utah House. 

Music, Musical Instruments, Pianos, &c., wholesale and retail, 

on the lowest terms. 

]^^ Schools, Seminaries, &c., supplied at the shortest notice. °^g 



JEEEERSON MEDICAL COLLEGE. 165 

most ample and convenient arrangements. The front is em- 
bellished by a hexastyle composite portico of beautiful and 
much-admired proportions. 

The entrance, on the north side of the building, leads by am- 
ple stairways to the several lecture-rooms, &c. On the first 
floor is a room 50 by 70 feet, adjoining which is the Labor- 
atory, and other apartments necessary for the purpose of 
the lectures. In the second story is the Anatomical Lecture- 
room, constructed in the form of an amphitheatre, and of the 
same dimensions as the room below. 

The arrangement of these rooms has been made to insure 
comfort to the students, while the important desiderata in 
such establishments, viz., light, ventilation, and acoustic adapta- 
tion, have been attended to. 

A magnificent Museum has been placed in the rear of the 
building on this story. It is amply provided with materials for 
illustrating the various branches. In addition to the Osseous, 
Nervous, Vascular, Muscular, Ligamentous, and other prepara- 
tions for anatomical demonstration, it also contains a large 
number of wet preparations, relating to Pathology, Obstetrics, 
Surgery, &c., and an extensive collection of diseased bones, cal- 
culi, models in wood, plaster, and wax, together with an ample 
series of paintings and engravings, representing healthy and 
morbid parts, fractures, dislocations, tumours, &c., and the 
surgical operations necessary for their relief. 

The dissecting-room is over the Museum, in the third story. 
It is pronounced one of the very best in the city for this 
purpose. 

Convenient rooms for the Faculty, and private chambers for 
the professors and students, are placed in rear of the stairways. 

Attached to the College are hospital accommodations, which 
form part of the clinic of the Institution : they are under 
charge of the different Professors, and are richly supplied with 



166 PHILADELPHIA AS IT IS. 

Jllctrical Kinntitutt oi Pfttlatrelpfjia. 

18 5 2. 

The Annual Course of Lectures will be commenced on the First 
Monday in April, and be continued until October, with the usual 
recess in August. 

LECTURES ON 

General and Special Anatomy, . . . John Neill, M. D. 

Materia Medica and Therapeutics, . . J. J. Reese, M. D. 

Obstetrics and Diseases of Women, . . Wm. B. Page, M. D. 

Principles and Practice of Surgery, . . H. H. Smith, M. D. 

Practice of Medicine, W. W. Gerhard, M. D. 

Medical Chemistry, H. E. Drayton, M. D. 

Physiology, Joseph Leidy, M. D. 

FEE FOR THE COURSE, ... - $60. 
For Graduates and others who have attended two 

fnll Courses in recognised Medical Schools, - 45 

For either Ticket separately, - - - - 10 

For General Tickets and further information, apply to 

JOHN NEIIili, M.D., Secretary, 
317 Spruce Street* 

GIVE US YOUR COUNTENANCE! 
M'CLEES & GERMON'S 



NO. 182 CHESTNUT STREET, 

(Opposite Masonic Hall.) 

With the citizens of Philadelphia this establishment has for six 
years been the most popular resort for Daguerreotypes. The pro- 
prietors pledge themselves to continue to merit their high reputation 
in the Daguerrean Art. 

In addition to the extensive Daguerreotype business, the proprietors 
invite an inspection of their improved Talbotypes, which are made 
to resemble the finest miniature painting in effect of colour, retaining 
all the truthfulness of the Daguerreotype in likeness. 



THE MEDICAL INSTITUTE. 167 

medical and surgical cases, forming a prominent and important 
element in the educational resources of the establishment. It 
appears that there were treated in this department, during 
the clinical year ending April 2d, 1851, nineteen hundred 
and seventy-nine cases, of which one thousand and seventy-four 
were admitted to the medical department, and nine hundred 
and five to the surgical. This list exceeds the preceding year 
by two hundred and seventy, and embraces many of the most 
important medical and surgical cases. 

The Medical Institute of Philadelphia, founded in 
1817, owes its origin to the Professors of the Theory and Prac- 
tice of Medicine in the University of Pennsylvania, and for a 
period of thirty-four years it has occupied an important position 
among the medical institutions of this city, being in fact the 
oldest among them, with the exception of the University. 

The object of Dr. Chapman in founding this school was, pri- 
marily, to benefit his large class of office students, during the 
interval between the winter sessions, by giving them a com- 
bined course of medical instruction. For this purpose, asso- 
ciations were formed at difi'erent periods, with Drs. Horner, T. 
Harris, Mitchell, Dewees, Jackson, Hodge, Bell, and many 
other gentlemen, who have long occupied distinguished public 
situations, and whose names are widely known to the medical 
profession. 

The design of the Institution difi'ers materially from that of 
the winter schools, with which it has no connexion whatever. 
It confers no degree or diploma, being intended rather to 
afi'ord such a course of instruction, practical and demonstrative, 
as is particularly needed by those students who remain in the 
city, either for the whole period of their study, or during any 
single interval between the winter lectures. 

The course of instruction embraces Anatomy, Materia 



168 PHILADELPHIA AS IT IS. 

PEMSTLYANIA COLLEGE-MEDICAL DEPARTMENT. 

FACULTY. 

Wm. Darrach, M.D., Professor of Principles and Practice of Medicine; John Wilt" 
BANK, M.D., Professor of Obstetrics and Diseases of Women and Children ; Henry 
S. Patterson, M.D., Professor of Materia Medica and Pharmacy; William R. Grant, 
M.D., Professor of Anatomy and Physiology; David Gilbert, M.D., Professor of 
Principles and Practice of Surgery; Washington L. Atlee, M.D., Professor of 
Medical Chemistry; Wm. H. Gobrecht, M.D., Demonstrator of Anatomy and Curator 
of the Museum. 

During the summer of 1849, the Trustees and Faculty erected the 
beautiful and spacious edifice which is now occupied, situated in 
Ninth below Locust Street, near the Pennsylvania Hospital. The 
building is as well adapted to its object as any similar edifice in the 
world, and has ample accommodations for a class of four hundred 
pupils. The appliances for heating and ventilation are after the most 
approved modern plans, and secure a steady, comfortable tempera- 
ture, with a free access of fresh, and constant discharge of foul air. 
This is a circumstance of much importance, in view of the fact that 
the health of students so frequently sufi'ers from confinement in 
crowded and illy ventilated rooms. The building contains three 
Lecture Kooms, Museum, Laboratory, Anatomical Rooms, &c. 

The course of instruction occupies nearly five months, without any 
intermission. There are six lectures delivered daily, except on 
clinical days, when there are only four. It is the aim of each Pro- 
fessor to make his course at once full, comprehensive, and practical. 
All the branches are regarded as demonstrative, and are so taught. 
The instruction, therefore, on every topic of medical science, is ad- 
dressed to the eye, as well as the ear of the pupil. Examinations in 
each branch are given by the respective Professors, either at the 
commencement of each lecture, or at separate hours. All the pupils 
may be present at these examinations. 

Clinical Instruction. — The Faculty have ever regarded Clinical in- 
struction as an important part of medical teaching, and, in ad- 
dition to the lectures at the Pennsylvania Hospital, a regular Course 
of Clinical Medicine and Surgery has been appointed, to continue 
throughout the year. During the past year a very large number of 
cases in the departments of Practice and Surgery, with numerous 
operations, were brought before the class. In addition to these 
clinical advantages in the College, all second course students are 
furnished, free of expense, with tickets to the Pennsylvania Hospital, 
one of the largest and best arranged institutions in this country. In 
this hospital about two thousand cases are treated during the year. 
^ The requisites for graduation are the same as those of the Univer- 
sity of Pennsylvania. 

Fees. — Matriculate, $5. Each Professor, $15. Graduation, $30. 
Demonstrator, $10. The number of students in attendance during 
the session of 1850-1 was 126, and present session, 1851-2, about 140. 

All persons having business with the Faculty, or desiring further 
information, will address 

DAVID GILBERT, M.D., Registrar, 
No. 134: Arch Street. 



PENNSYLVANIA COLLEGE. 



169 



Medica, Obstetrics; Practice of Medicine, Surgery, Physiology, 
and Chemistry. 

The course of instruction commences in April and continues 
until October, with the usual vacation during the summer. 




PENNSYLVANIA COLLEGE. 



Pennsylvania College, Ninth below Locust Street. 
This commodious and imposing edifice was erected in 1849. 
The design is from the Architect of Girard College. With 
that beautiful clief-cV oeuvre we do not compare it : neverthe- 
less, this building bears the distinguished features of the same 
genius ; — perfect in its outlines and details, economical and 

15 



170 PHILADELPHIA AS IT IS. 

^^jlilahlpjiia Slsj^nnutinn for J^BMral 3etnrrtinn» 

TENTH ANNUAL ANNOUNCEMENT. 

The Lectures in this Institution will commence on the first Monday 
in April, 1852, and continue, with the usual Midsummer Recess, until 
the opening of the Winter Schools. 

Not more than three Lectures are delivered daily, and the hours are 
so arranged as not to interfere with a regular attendance upon the 
Clinical Instruction at the Hospitals and Medical Colleges. 

The Lectures on Surgery, Obstetrics, and on Physiology, being 
attached to the St. Joseph's Hospital, an additional opportunity 
will be afforded to the Class for Clinical Instruction under their im- 
mediate preceptors. The following is a schedule of the Course : 

ANATOMY, . . . . . J. M. ALLEN, M, D. 

PHYSIOLOGY, . . . . . F. G. SMITH, JR., M. D. 

MEDICAL CHEMISTRY, . . . ROBERT BRIDGES, M. D. 

MATERIA MEDICA AND THERAPEUTICS, FRANCIS WEST, M. D. 

PATHOLOGY AND PRACTICE OF MEDICINE, J. FORSYTH MEIGS, M. D. 

INSTITUTES AND PRACTICE OF SURGERY, J. H. B. m'cLELLAN, M. D. 

OBSTETRICS AND DISEASES OF WOMEN, W. V. KEATING, M. D. 

CLINICAL MEDICINE, .... ALFRED STILLE, M. D. 

FEE FOR THE COURSE, $60. SINGLE TICKETS, $10. 

FRANCIS G. SMITH, JR., Secretary, 
Mo. 291 Spruce Street. 

UNION HOTEL, 

No. 91 "Walnut Street, Ijetween Third and Fotirth. 

This new establishment offers to the traveller and man of business, 
facilities and comforts of Lodging, Dining, &c., in a manner not here- 
tofore attainable in Philadelphia. Restaurant a la Carte. Private 
Supper and Dining Rooms. Choicest Wines, Liquors, and Segars. 

Every article in Season, and every comfort that can be required 
by Lodgers. J. B. CLAES, Proprietor. 

PHILADELPHIA AGENCY OF THE 

TENNESSEE MARINE AND FIRE INSURANCE COMPANY. 

INSUBE MERCHANDISE OR PRODUCE AGAINST LOSS BY 

RIVER, LAKE, OR SEA NAVIGATICN. 
Capital, $300,000. 

JOHN M. HILL, President. JOSEPH VAULX, Secretary. 

FRANCIS H. DUFFEE, Agent, 
No. 82 South Third Street, opposite the Exchange. 
The standing of this Company is unexceptionable, and reference is made to the 
following gentlemen of this city : — Messrs. Grigg, Elliot & Co. ; Wood, Abbott & Co. ; 
11. Patterson & Co.; Campbell, Martin & Co.; Stuart, Brothers ; Humphreys, Dutilh 
& Co.; John Haseltine, Esq.; Evans Rogers, Esq.; David S. Brown & Co., &c. 
Losses promptly adjusted, either here or at the parent OflSce, in Nashville, Tenn. 
|13r" A full statement of the affairs of the Company can be seen at this Office. 



PENNSYLVANIA COLLEGE. 171 

useful in design, and attractive in appearance. The building 
is sixty by eighty feet, five stories high. Its front elevation 
is the Collegiate Grothic, and, being adorned with embattle- 
ments and embrasures, presents to our city a new style of 
edifice, at once substantial, tasteful, and novel. 

The building contains three lecture-rooms, the arrangement 
of which is such as to admit of the speaker and his experi- 
ments and demonstration, being seen from every seat. They 
are all constructed on acoustic principles. In addition to those 
rooms, there is a spacious Museum, a dissecting-room, a che- 
mical laboratory, a Registrar's office, private rooms for the Pro- 
fessors, together with various ante-rooms for the students, and 
apartments for the Janitor. 

The Museum is beautifully arranged. It is 22 feet in width, 
47 in length, and 24 high, surrounded on all sides by a gallery 
12 feet from the fioor. It contains a great variety of wet and 
dry preparations, both physiological and pathological, models 
and casts in plaster and wax, together with an extensive series 
of paintings, diagrams, and plates, classified under the heads 
of Anatomy, Physiology, Medical and Surgical Pathology, and 
Obstetrics, in addition to which there is an extensive cabinet 
of Materia Medica, and a well-selected chemical and philoso- 
phical apparatus. 

The dissecting-room is over the Museum. It is well lighted, 
well ventilated, and every way adapted to its purpose. 

The facade is of brown stone, and is ornamented by two 
massive towers, eighty feet high, crowned with a rich em- 
battled parapet. 

The corner-stone of this edifice was laid on the 31st of May, 
1849, and the building completed and occupied in October, 
1850. 



172 PHILADELPHIA AS IT IS. 

PHILADELPHIA COLLEGE OF MEDICINE, 

Fifth Street^ 

A FEW DOORS SOUTH OF WALNUT STREET. 

Two Full Courses of Lectures are given in each year. 
The Spring Session commences about the 10th of March. The 
Winter Course begins about the 13th of October. 

Degrees are conferred about the 10th of July and 1st of March. 

President, Hon. J. R. BURDEN, M.D. 

FAC VZiT Y. 

JAMES McCLINTOCK, M.D., 

PRINCIPLES AND PRACTICE OF SURGERY. 

RUSH VAN DYKE, M.D., 

MATERIA MEDICA AND GENERAL THERAPEUTICS. 

THOS. D. mitchel:^ ^ti 

THEORY AND PRACTICE OF ML^. ijlfi eil i 

JAMES BRYAN, M.D., 

INSTITUTES OF MEDICINE AND MEDICAL JURISPRUDENCE. 

EZRA S. CARR, M.D., 

MEDICAL CHEMISTRY. 

JAMES McCLINTOCK, M.D., 

GENERAL, SPECIAL, AND SURGICAL ANATOMY. 

F. A. FICKARDT, M.D., 

OBSTETRICS AND DISEASES OF WOMEN AND CHILDREN. 

GEORGE HEWSTON, M.D., 

DEMONSTRATOR OF ANATOMY. 

FEE for a Full Course, ..... $8i 00 

Matriculation (paid once only), . . . . 5 00 

Graduation, . . . . . . 30 00 

For those who have attended two full courses in other Colleges 45 00 
Dissecting Ticket, . . . . . . 10 00 

Perpetual Ticket, . . . . . 150 00 

JI^^'Full Course Candidates for Graduation will be furnished with 
Tickets to the Pennsylvania Hospital, without charge. 

The full Fee will be paid to the Dean, who will issue a Certificate 
which will entitle the Student to the Ticket of each Professor. 
For further information, inquire of 

JAMES McCLINTOCK, M.D., Dean, 

No. 1 Nortlx Eleventh Street* 



PHILADELPHIA COLLEGE. 



173 




PHILADELPHIA COLLEGE. 



The Philadelphia College op Medicine. — This institu- 
tion was chartered in 1847, with all the rights, privileges, and 
immunities, granted to other medical colleges in the State. 

It is located, for the present, in South Fifth, near Walnut 
Street. The building is commodious, and centrally situated, 
though it is in contemplation to erect a new and more impos- 
ing edifice, in a more western situation, as the prospects of the 
school go on improving. In the present building, the facilities 
for instruction are abundantly supplied, the lecture-rooms are 
ample, and the museum is one of the best in the city ; the dis- 

15* 



174 PHILADELPHIA AS IT IS. 

THOMAS SINCLAIR'S 

ESTABLISHMENT, 

101 Chestnut St., Granite Building, 

(North Side, above Third,) 

A SILVER MEDAL AWARDED BY THE FRANKLIN INSTITUTE, ALSO THE 
FIRST PREMIUM BY THE MARYLAND INSTITUTE. 

Having succeeded in bringing this most beautiful art to such per- 
fection that the most delicate touches of the pencil can be equalled, 
if not surpassed, in brilliancy and richness of colours, is now pre- 
pared to execute all orders for 

(See title of this book for specimen.) 
VIGNETTES, SHOW CARDS, 

FANCY LABELS, 

J3ovtraiti5, ILantrscaprs, $^t. 

Anatomical and Geological Drawings executed with the strictest 
accuracy. Also Maps, Plans, Certificates, and all kinds of Labels. 

Merchants and others desiring their circulars & facsimile of their 
own writing, furnished with the proper ink and paper. 

Jg^^ All work warranted equal to any done in the United States. 
Orders forwarded as above will meet with prompt attention. 



PHILADELPHIA COLLEGE. 175 

secting-rooms are unsurpassed, if not unequalled, and the at- 
mosphere of the whole building, so thorough in its ventilation, 
is perfectly pure. 

The full period of study is the same in this institution as 
that at the other colleges, with this difference, that two courses 
of lectures are delivered annually, instead of one. One of 
these is termed the ^'Winter Course,'^ commencing in Octo- 
ber; the other is called the '^Spring Course,'^ commencing 
about a week after the close of the first, on or about the 10th 
of March. The objects of this Spring Course seem sufficiently 
obvious, while its advantages, especially to the students coming 
from a distance, are important. The arrangements of the 
school are such as to place the propriety of the plan beyond a 
cavil, and to render the advantages absolute, since they insure 
the student courses of instruction, and facilities for the acqui- 
sition of knowledge, equally full in the spring as in the 
winter. 

This, though a new enterprise, is in successful operation. 
The Faculty are now prosecuting its tenth course of Lectures. 
The statistics exhibiting a flattering increase, both in reputa- 
tion and size of classes. The corporation has conferred 9 
Adeundenij 19 Honorary, and 215 full degrees. The percent- 
age of graduations betokens the application of a high standard 
of requirements, to the qualifications of the candidate in his 
final examination ; and the number of matriculants speak well 
for the reputation and teaching capacity of the Faculty — the 
number of its attending students having been 799. 

The Faculty comprises, a Professor of Greneral and Special 
Surgical Anatomy, and the Principles and Practice of Surgery, 
a Professor of General Therapeutics, Materia Medica, and 
Pharmacy; a Professor of the Institutes of Medicine and 
Medical Jurisprudence ; a Professor of Medical Chemistry ; a 
Professor of Obstetrics, and Diseases of Women and Children, 



176 PHILADELPHIA AS IT IS. 

HOmCEOPATHIC MEDICAL COLLEGE 

OF PENNSYLVANIA. 
FILBERT STREET, ABOVE ELEVENTH, 

PHILADELPHIA. 

The Lectures of the regular course will commence annually on the 
Second Monday of October, and continue until the first of March 
ensuing. 

Amount of Fees for a full course of Lectures, . . $100 00 
Students who have attended two full courses at other schools, 30 00 
Matriculation Fee, paid only once, . . . . . 5 00 

Practical Anatomy, . . . . . . . . 10 00 

Graduation Fee, 30 00 

FACULTY. 

WALTER WILLIAMSON, M.D., 

PROFESSOR or MATERIA MEDICA AND THERAPEUTICS. 

WILLIAM S. HELMUTH, M.D., 

PROF. OF HOMCEOPATHIC INSTITUTES AND THE PRACTICE OF MEDICINE. 

SAMUEL FREEDLY, M.D., 

PROF. OF BOTANY AND MEDICAL JURISPRUDENCE. 

CHARLES NIEDHARD, M.D., 

PROFESSOR OF CLINICAL MEDICINE. 

JOSEPH G. LOOMIS, M.D., 

PROF. OF OBSTETRICS AND THE DISEASES OF WOMEN AND CHILDREN. 

ALVAN E. SMALL, M.D., 

PROFESSOR OF PHYSIOLOGY AND PATHOLOGY. 

MATTHEW SEMPLE, M.D., 

PROFESSOR OP CHEMISTRY AND TOXICOLOGY. 

FRANCIS SIMS, M.D., 

PROFESSOR OP SURGERY. 

WILLIAM A. GARDINER, M.D., 

PROFESSOR OF ANATOMY. 

J. B. PETHERBRIDGE, M.D., 

DEMONSTRATOR OP ANATOMY. 

WILLIAM A. GARDINER, M.D., dean, 

No. 803 Arch Street, Philada. 



HOMCEOPATHIC MEDICAL COLLEGE. 



177 



and a Demonstrator of Anatomy. The gentlemen occupying 
these chairs are eloquent, successful, and eminently popular 
teachers, who were elected by the corporators solely for their 
experience and ability. They manifest an honourable and laud- 
able zeal in their determination to establish a reputation, which 
shall be second to none. 

The students of this College are admitted to all the advan- 
tages for Clinical instruction afforded by the managers of the 
various hospitals and dispensaries of the city, upon the same 
terms as those of the other schools. 




HOMCEOPATHIC MEDICAL COLLEGE. 



HOMCEOPATHIC MeDICAL COLLEGE OP PENNSYLVANIA. — 

Instituted 1846. — The Faculty of this establishment com- 
prises a Professor of Materia Medica and Therapeutics ; one of 
the Homoeopathic Institutes, and the Practice of Medicine; 
one of Botany, and Medical Jurisprudence; one of Clinical 
Medicine ; one of Obstetrics, and the Diseases of Women and 
Children; one of Physiology and Pathology; one of Chemistry 



178 PHILADELPHIA AS IT IS. 

iHebiral College uf |)enn0ij|bama, 

LOCATED AT PHILADELPHIA. 
THIRD ANNUAL SESSION TO COMMENCE ON 15tH SEPT., 1852. 

FACULTY. 

N. K. MASELEY, M.D., 

PROFESSOR OF ANATOMY. 

ABRAHAM LIVEZEY, M.D., 

PROFESSOR OF PRACTICE OF MEDICINE. 

J. S. LONGSHORE, M.D., 

PROFESSOR OF OBSTETRICS AND DISEASES OF WOMEN AND 

CHILDREN. 

M. W. DICKINSON, M.D., 

PROFESSOR OF MATERIA MEDICA AND PHARMACY. 

DAVID J. JOHNSON, M.D., 

PROFESSOR OF CHEMISTRY AND TOXICOLOGY. 

E. C. ROLFE, M.D., 

PROFESSOR OF SURGERY. 

WM. M. CORNELL, M.D. 

PROFESSOR OF PHYSIOLOGY. 

HANNAH E. LONGSHORE, M.D., 

DEMONSTRATOR OF ANATOMY. 

TZSRIMS. 

Fees to each Professor, . . . $10 00 

Matriculation Fee, 5 00 

Graduation <' .... 15 00 

Demonstrator's " 5 00 

The rules for Graduation are the same as in other Medical Colleges. 

N. R. MASELEY, M.D., Dean, 

No. 229 ARCH STREET. 
PHILADELPHIA. 



FEMALE MEDICAL COLLEGE. 179. 

and Toxicology ; one of Surgery ; one of Anatomy, and a De- 
monstrator of Anatomy. 

The College building, Filbert Street, between Eleventh and 
Twelfth, was constructed with a special view to the object 
to which it is now appropriated. The lecture-rooms are com- 
modious, and that part appropriated to dissection is admirably 
adapted to the purpose, being large, well-ventilated, and sup- 
plied with all the conveniencies necessary for the comfort of 
those engaged in the study of Practical Anatomy. 

The museum contains ample materials for study, in wax 
models, anatomical preparations, morbid and healthy speci- 
mens, both dry and wet, and a large collection of anatomical, 
surgical, and obstetrical plates, of the size of life, a cabinet of 
minerals, specimens of the materia medica, and philosophical 
instruments, &c. 

A dispensary is connected with the College, at which, in ad- 
dition to the regular lectures, clinical instruction is given by 
the different professors. In this dispensary, an extensive 
range of disease is presented for study. A physician is in 
daily attendance, from whose examinations and prescriptions 
the student can have abundant opportunities of acquiring prac- 
tical information. 

We learn that the corporation have in view the establish- 
ment of an hospital, to be attached to this Institution, a charter 
for that purpose having been granted by the State. Energetic 
efforts are now being made for placing this charity in operation 
at an early day. 

The Female Medical College op Pennsylvania. — 
This new Institution was founded in 1849, principally through 
the exertions and influence of Wm. J. Mullen, Esq. It has 
the distinguished honour of being not only the first school of 
the kind in the United States, but in the world. 

The object of the Institution is to instruct respectable and 



180 



PHILADELPHIA AS IT IS. 



PIANO-FORTE WAREROOM, 

No. 25 South Sixth Street, 

(over LINDSAY AND BLAKISTON's BOOKSTORE.) 




GILBERT'S PIANOS. 

The subscriber respectfully calls the attention of strangers in the 
City, as well as the citizens, to his assortment of 

PIANOS 

OF THIS CELEBRATED MAKER, 

WITH OK WITHOUT THE ^OLIAN ATTACHMENTS. 

These Instruments are so well known, that they need no further 
recommendation than their 

LARGE SALE 

TO WARRANT THEM EQUAL TO ANY IN THE COUNTRY. 

Also, Piano-Fortes from all the celebrated Makers in the East, viz., 
A. W. LADD & CO., HALLETT, DAVIS & CO., NEWHALL, and 
others. 

The Assortment of Instruments on hand will always be such 

as no Customer will be obliged to go away without 

purchasing. 

Ladies and Gentlemen, desirous of renting Piano-Fortes, will 
please favour me with a call. 

WARREN HALE, 

No. 35 Soiitli Sixth Street. 



FEMALE MEDICAL COLLEGE. 181 

intelligent females in the various branches of medical science, 
whose rights and privileges, upon receiving the degree of the 
Doctorate in this school, will not be inferior to those of the 
graduates of any other medical institution in this country or 
Europe. 

The popularity attending the first establishment of this 
college was such, that the Legislature of our State granted it 
a charter as broad and liberal as that of any in the Common- 
wealth, upon the presentation of a bare petition. 

The school, so far, exceeds the most sanguine expectations 
of its warmest friends. The number of students attending 
the present course of lectures is about forty, from all parts of 
the country. The course of instruction comprises six branches, 
viz., Anatomy and Physiology, Principles and Practice of Medi- 
cine, Obstetrics and Diseases of Women and Children, Surgery 
and the Institutes of Medicine, Materia Medica, Pharmacy, 
and Chemistry. 

The Museum is amply, and, considering its age, we should 
rather say richly, supplied. It contains an extensive collection 
of wet and dry preparations, illustrating every part of human 
Anatomy and Physiology; together with a large proportion of 
French models and wax preparations. We recommend our 
readers to avail themselves of the opportunity to examine this 
Museum. It is open during the Sessions. 

The building, 229 Arch Street, occupied at present by the 
school is well adapted for its purpose, being perfectly retired 
and free from annoyance. It is proposed, when sufficient 
funds are obtained, to erect a more suitable building for the 
accommodation of the College. We hope the efi"ort will be suc- 
cessful, for the rapidly increasing number of students will soon 
render the present one entirely inadequate. 

The science of Obstetrics in this country is almost entirely 
in the hands of male practitioners. Why should this be so ? 

16 



182 



PHILADELPHIA AS IT IS. 



WHOLESALE AND RETAIL 

CLOTHIHG HOUSE. 

Have the most ex- 
tensive assortment of 
ready-made Clothing, 
of every description 
of New Goods, select- 
ed with great care, 
and made in the latest 
style of taste and 
fashion. 

This mammoth es- 
tablishment employs 
thousands of work- 
men, and can manu- 
facture any quantity 
of goods at the short- 
est notice. Every ex- 
ertion that capital can 
command, ingenuity 
devise, or skill ac- 
complish, is brought 
into exercise, to pro- 
duce not only the best 
Clothing, but to sell 
them at the lowest 
possible prices. 

LARGE SALES AND SMALL PROFITS 

Is the motto of this celebrated establishment. Their materials are 
all bought for Cash. No men in the world can buy them cheaper 
than the proprietors of Tower Hall. Merchants and Dealers in 
Ready-made Clothing will find it to their advantage to purchase at 
this extensive house, where they will find gox)ds in any quantity, and 
every quality, suitable for every market in the United States. The 
Tower Hall Clothing Bazaar is situate at 

182 Market Street, between Fifth and Sixth, 

(Exactly in the centre of the Square.) 




BENNETT & Co., Proprietors. 



COLLEGE OF PHARMACY. 183 

From the earliest history of the art, prior to 16G3, it was 
practised by females. History supplies abundant evidence on 
this point. About that date, the Duchess de Yallieres, a 
favourite mistress of Louis XIY. of France, made the first 
innovation, and the fortunate attendant was soon afterwards 
appointed to the novel yet lucrative ofiice of Midwife to the 
Princess of France. 

Put woman in possession of all the knowledge upon the 
subject of Midwifery, and let her use it for the relief of her 
sex. If she could manage these matters so exclusively before 
the dawnings of science, how much more so now, with the 
light it has afforded ! If there is one appropriate sphere of 
more consequence than another within the scope of woman's 
duty, it is at the bedside of a suffering sister. Now, as for- 
merly, woman is most willing to enter, and most reluctant to 
leave, the abodes of suffering and sorrow. It has always been 
her office to administ< i,'#'''the necessities of the afflicted, and 
most nobly has she m »st£nned it. AVhy then ought she not to 
be educated to preside over the duties of the lying-in chamber? 

Eclectic Medical College of Pennsylvania, Haines 
west of Sixth Street. This new Institution was chartered in 
1850. The lectures commence on the 27th of October, and 
continue until the end of February. 

The Philadelphia College of Pharmacy, Zane above 
Seventh Street. This Institution was established in the year 
1821, and incorporated in 1822, for the following purposes: 
'^ to obviate a departure from the correct customs and estab- 
lished principles of the Drug and Apothecary business," to 
direct attention to the '^ qualities of articles brought into the 
Drug Market," to secure the '' discussion of subjects relating 
to the business, and communicate information beneficial and 
interesting to the trade/' and to create a School of Pharmacy, 



184 PHILADELPHIA AS IT IS. 

J. E. &. B. SCHELL, 

CITV MARBLE! WORKS 

AND 

CORNER OF TENTH AND VINE STREETS. 

Jg^* Monuments, Tomb, and Head Stones ; and jNIarble of every 
description, ready sawed, constantly on hand. 

HENRY COULTER, 

WILLOW AND WOODEN WARE MANUFACTURER, 

AND DEALER IN FRENCH AND GERMAN 

^ratjeUing, £anc^, anb Qrmbroibcrcb Caskets, 

Toys, and Fancy Goods of all descriptions, 

N.W. corner of Third and Arch Streets. 

B. J. WILLIAMS, 

WINDOW BLIND MANUFACTURER; 

AND DEALEK IN 

No. 12 North Sixth Street, Philadelphia. 
AWARDED THE HIGHEST PREMIUM 

AT THE NEW YORK, BALTIMORE, AND PHILADELPHIA EXHIBITIONS. 

A large assortment of Plain and Fancy Window Blinds and Shades 

always on hand, at the lowest cash prices. 

]^^^ Repairing and Jobbing promptly attended to. °^!H 

TRUST C02¥[PANY. 

Money received on Deposit, in sums of Fifty Dollars and upwards, and interest 
allowed on the same— the whole or part payable on demand, after ten days' notice, 
or, if specially agreed upon, without notice, on demand, by the PENNSYLVANIA 
COMPANY FOR INSURANCES ON LIVES AND GRANTING ANNUITIES— 
Capital, $500,000— OfRce, No. 66 Walnut Street. 

This Company, the first Life Insurance Company chartered in the United States, 
insure Lives at the usual rates, and every five years divide with the assured the 
profit of this part of the business. 

They also grant Annuities, immediate, deferred, or contingent, on single and joint 
lives, sell Endowments, purchase Life Interests, Reversionary Interests, Survivor- 
ships, and make contracts generally, that depend on the contingencies of life. They 
act as Assignees and Trustees for Minors or Heirs. 

DIRECTORS 

HYMAN GRATZ, President. William Kirkham, H. J. Williams, S. F. Smith, C. 
Dutilh, J. K, Mitchell, M.D., Pemb. Hutchinson, R. M. Patterson, E. M. Lewis, S. A. 
Mercer, F. Hopkinson, J. R. Davis, J. J. Vanderkemp. 

WM. B. HILL, Actuary. 

J. K. Mitchell, M.D., Medical Examiner. 



COLLEGE OF PHARMACY. 185 

ia which lectures should be delivered, " expressly for the in- 
struction of Druggists and Apothecaries/' 

The influence of this College during the thirty years that 
have elapsed since that time, has been productive of a general 
elevation of the standard of knowledge and skill, as well as 
of professional ethics, among the Apothecaries in Philadel- 
phia; and by the influence of its well-conducted quarterly, 
^' The American Journal of Pharmacy,'^ and by the scattering of 
a large number of graduates throughout the Union, it has con- 
tributed toward a general and widespread improvement in the 
Pharmaceutic art. The Hall, located as above, was built in 
1832. It is spacious and airy, possessing ample room for the 
lectures, apparatus, cabinet, and library, and for the purposes 
generally of the Institution. 

There are three professorships in the school, embracing the 
subjects of Materia Medica, Chemistry, and Pharmacy. The 
annual session commences and ends nearly simultaneously 
with those of the Medical Colleges. The lectures are deli- 
vered in the evenings at 7 and 8 o'clock. 



16- 



186 



PHILADELPHIA AS IT IS. 



STOKES AND BUZBY'S 

WHOLESALE AND RETAIL 

CLOTHING ESTABLISHMENT, 

No. 264 Market Street, 

(South side, first door below Eighth Street.) 




A well-selected Stock of Uncut Goods constantly on hand, for 

Customer Trade. 



AMERICAN PHILOSOPHICAL SOCIETY. 137 



CHAPTER VL 

LITERARY AND SCIENTIFIC INSTITUTIONS. 

" Knowledge hath left the hermit's ruined cell, 
The narrow convent, and the cloister's gloom ; 
With world-embracing wings to soar and dwell 
Mid purer ether and sublimer room. 
The volleyed lightnings of her press consume 
The tyrant's strength, and strike the bigot blind; 
Day after day, its thunders sound the doom 
Of some old wrong, too hideous for the mind. 
Which reason hath illumed, which knowledge hath refined." 

It is always a source of gratification, to find men, whose 
daily avocations are of the most bustling and industrial nature, 
availing themselves of every leisure interval to cultivate and 
increase their means of intellectual enjoyment; and there can 
be no greater ornaments to a city, than those educational and 
literary institutions, which, springing from and supported by 
the people, are adapted to the public wants ; no matter whether 
the buildings are of brick, costly marble, or " plain rooms," 
their objects consecrate and invest them with a host of pleasing 
and pure associations. 

In the very centre of our city, where the hurry of trade, 
and the anxiety of the law, are depicted on numbers of faces, it 
is alike pleasing to the visiter, and honourable to the citizen, 
to find five spacious buildings devoted to the diffusion of know- 
ledge ; we allude to the American Philosophical Society, the 
Philadelphia Library, the Athenaeum, the Franklin Institute, 
and the Mercantile Library. 

American Philosophical Society, Fifth below Chest- 
nut Street, east side. To the ever active and leading spirit of 



188 PHILADELPHIA AS IT IS. 

EDWARD CLARKSON, 

AND 

No. 26 South Third Street, 

Drawings made and Engravings done in tlic liigliest style 

of the Art. 

IGNATIUS LUTZ, 

(recently op chestnut street,) 

CABINET & UPHOLSTERY WAREROOMS, 

No. % South Eleventh, below Walnut Street. 

DRAWING-ROOM, PARLOUR, BOUDOIR, DINING-ROOM, AND 
CHAMBER FURNITURE, 

OF THE LATEST STYLE AND FASHION. 
I. Lutz would particularly call attention to his recent improvement in 

DRESSING-BUREAUS, 

One Lock and Key of -wliich locks and unlocks all the Drawers 
at the same time. 

SPUING MATTRASSES, 

Of his own improvement. 

«^ CURTAINS AND UPHOLSTERY WORK TO ORDER. -« 



AMERICAN PHILOSOPHICAL SOCIETY. 189 

Benjamin Franklin, we owe the origin of the association which 
may be considered as the germ of the present American Philo- 
sophical Society. 

In his own memoir, he tells us that, in the autumn of 1727, 
himself and several of his ingenious acquaintances formed a 
club, ^^for mutual improvement.^' It was called "the Junto.'' 
The number of members was restricted to twelve, and in some 
respects their meetings were secret, to prevent the application 
of improper persons for admission. 

It appears that this " Junto" continued in existence nearly 
forty years, but as its members grew old, it doubtless lost much 
of its activity and spirit, and probably, long before its close, 
the meetings were held only for sociability. In a letter to 
Hugh Roberts, written in July, 1765, Dr. Franklin urges his 
attendance at the "Junto," and says, "We loved, and still love 
one another; we are grown gray together, and yet it is too 
early to part. Let us sit still, till the evening of life is spent. 
The last hours are always the most joyous. When we can 
stay no longer, it is time enough then to bid each other good 
night, separate, and go quietly to bed." 

This " Junto" seems to have been a mere conversational or 
debating society, similar to those immortalized by Addison 
and Johnson. Yet its members appear to have taken an 
active part in establishing various social reforms, and associa- 
tions for the promotion of useful knowledge, prominent among 
which is the one under notice. 

In May, 1743, Franklin drew up and issued a prospectus 
for the formation of such an association. It was entitled, 
" A Proposal for the Promotion of Useful Knowledge among 
the British Provinces of North America;" and may be consi- 
dered the true origin of the American Philosophical Society. 
The J5rst members were all men of science. Their early efforts, 
however, were not successful, and for several years it existed 



190 



PHILADELPHIA AS IT IS. 



CITY ORNAMENTAL IRON WORKS 

121 NORTH TENTH STREET. 




Iron Railings, of new and unique designs, 
both plain and ornamental, put up in the 
best style, at the lowest prices. Verandahs, 
Arbours, Trellis-Work, Tree Boxes, Greyhounds, Hat Stands, Tables, 
Settees, Chairs, and all kinds of Ornamental and Architectural Iron 
Work, of the modern styles. Particular attention given to putting 
up Verandahs and enclosing Cemetery Lots. 

WM. P. HOOD, Tenth St. above Race, Philada. 

WM. GOODRICH & CO., 
MERCANTILE AGENCIT, 

No. 116 Market Street, 

SOUTH SIDB, BELOW FOURTH, 

Collections promptly attended to in any part of the United States, 
Canada, or Europe. 

JOHN D, EGAN, 

PLAIN AND ORNAMENTAL 

BOOKBINDER, 

AND 

No. 3 Phoenix Block, 

CORNER OF SECOND AND DOCK STREETS. 

25 per cent, saved, and sometimes more, to those patronising this 
Establishment. 

Large Illustrated Works, Books of Engravings, Scrap Books, 
Albums, Portfolios, and Music bound with great care and strength, 
in Plain and Elegant Styles. 

N. B. — Pamphlets and Periodicals done up with neatness and 
despatch, and cheaper than any other establishment in the city. 



AMERICAN PHILOSOPHICAL SOCIETY. 191 

but in name. In November, 1767, only six of their number 
remained in Philadelphia ; but these few determined upon 
making an effort for its revival; and by the following January 
they succeeded in electing forty-eight others, many of whom 
were distinguished for their talents, rank, and influence in the 
community. John Penn, the then Governor of the Province, 
became the patron of the Society. The Council chamber at 
the State House was granted for its meetings, and it had also 
the use of the College room, and apparatus for experiments. 
From this time its proceedings were conducted with spirit. 

In the year 1750, there was another scientific association 
established under the name of ''The Junto,'' in which subjects 
of Natural History, Philosophy, Morals, Science, &c., were 
considered and discussed. In 1766, having increased its list 
of members, and adopted new rules for the admission of fo- 
reigners and non-residents as correspondents, the association 
abandoned the name of ^' Junto," and adopted that of the 
" American Society for Promoting and Propagating Useful 
Knowledge." 

These two learned bodies, whose organization was nearly 
similar, and whose pursuits and objects were alike, saw the 
importance of a union ; and in 1768, proposals to this effect 
were made by the American Society to the Philosophical 
Society. After considerable negotiation, the measure was 
effected, and the two societies united. Their first meeting 
was held January 2d, 1769. They were incorporated on the 
15th of March, 1780, as the "American Philosophical Society, 
for Promoting Useful Knowledge," held at Philadelphia. 

The early transactions of this association contain much 
curious and interesting matter, among which we find a notice 
of the first steam-engine built in this city ; also that relative 
to the first boat ever navigated by steam. It is dated Sept. 
27th, 1785, and reads thus : '' The model, with a drawing and 



192 



PHILADELPHIA AS IT IS. 



SHERMAN'S STEAM POWER PRESS 




PRINTING ESTABLISHMENT, 

No. 19 St. James Street, 

(above market, between sixth and seventu streets.) 

J3llUabclpl)ia. 
BOOKS, PAMPHLETS, 



WOOD-CUT PRINTING, 

EXECUTED AT THIS OFFICE IN THE BEST STYLE. 

BRIEFS AND PAPER BOOKS 

ACCURATELY AND NEATLY DONE, WITH GREAT DESPATCH. 

For Specimen of work, refer to this Book, and particularly 
to the Frontispiece. 



THE PHILADELPHIA LIBRARY. 193 

description of a macliine for working a boat against the stream, 
by means of a steam-engine, was laid before the Society by Mr. 
John Fitch/' 

During the Revolutionary War, the meetings were in a 
great measure suspended. In 1779, they were, however, re- 
sumed, and have ever since been continued. 

The site of the present Hall was given to the Society by 
the State, in 1785, the building erected in 1789, and occu- 
pied in 1790. It is a plain brick structure, remarkable only 
for its location and historical recollections. It consists of two 
stories and a basement, — the hall of the association occupying 
the second story. 

In the year 1786, John Hyacinth De Magellan, of London, 
gave to the Society two hundred guineas, to be vested as a 
permanent fund, the interest of which should be annually dis- 
posed of in premiums, to be adjudged to the best author of the 
best discovery, or the most useful invention relating to navi- 
gation, astronomy, or natural philosophy. 

The library contains about 20,000 volumes, in various lan- 
guages, many of which are rare and valuable. Few books are 
purchased, except scientific periodicals; the accessions being 
principally by gift from learned societies and individuals. The 
Society also possesses an extensive cabinet of medals, coins, &c,, 
and a large collection of maps, charts, engravings, and manu- 
scripts. The meetings are held on the first and third Fridays 
of every month, from October to May, and on the third Friday 
in each of the other four months, at 7 o'clock, p. m. The Hall 
is also open every Friday evening, when members meet for the 
purpose of reading and social intercourse. On these occasions 
they may introduce a friend or stranger. Charles B. Trego is 
the secretary and librarian. 

The Philadelphia Library Company, is one of the 
oldest and most extensive in this country. It was instituted 

17 



THE PHILADELPHIA LIBRARY. 195 

in 1731, principally through the influence of Dr. Franklin, 
and the members of '^ The Junto." The first importation of 
books was received from London in 1732, and the Library 
opened in ^' Robert Grace's house," Jones's Alley. In 1740, 
the collection of books having largely increased, the library 
was removed to the upper room of the west wing of the 
State House, the use of which was granted to the Company by 
the Province. On the 13th of March, 1744, the Union Library 
Company of Philadelphia was united with the one under 
notice ; and, in consequence of the additional number of books 
and members, the Library was opened three days in the week, 
and two librarians appointed. In 1771, two additional com- 
panies were annexed. In 1773, the books were removed to a 
more spacious apartment, in Carpenters' Hall ; and in 1790, 
the Library Company took possession of their present building. 
The corner-stone of this edifice was laid on the 31st of Au- 
gust, 1789. It is a plain, substantial-looking structure, si- 
tuated on Fifth below Chestnut Street. The building has a 
truly venerable appearance. The front entrance is surmounted 
by a well-executed statue, in marble, of Dr. Franklin. 

During its early history, this institution was largely en- 
riched by donations from its friends, among which are the 
choice collections of curious and rare books presented by Ro- 
bert Barclay, and the celebrated " Loganian Library ;" — this 
last was a most valuable acquisition. It was the private li- 
brary of the Hon. James Logan, the confidential friend and 
counsellor of William Penn, and consists principally of works 
in the learned and modern languages of Europe. This rare 
collection is kept in a room appropriated for that purpose. 
When first annexed to the Philadelphia Library, it contained 
3,953 volumes; large additions are made to it annually, and 
it is supposed to number at present over 10,000 well-selected 
works. 



196 PHILADELPHIA AS IT IS. 

M'mAKIN'S 

MODEL AMERICAN COURIER, 

Office 141 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia, 

DEVOTED TO LITERATURE, SCIENCEj THE ARTS, THE DRAMA, 

MUSIC, MECHANICS, AGRICULTURE, EDUCATION, 

MORALS, HEALTH, AMUSEMENT, ETC. 

Now publishing, Original Nouvellettes of Mrs. Caroline Lee Hentz, 
Letters from '* Kate Conyngham," Letters from London, New York, 
Boston, &c., &c. Original papers on 

"the farm and the fireside," 

ORIGINAL NOTES OF 

By the Editor, &c., &c. 
The volume commences 1st of March, and the terms are 

One Copy American Courier and One Premium, $2 

Three Copies 

Six Copies 

Ten Copies 

Fifteen Copies 

Twenty Copies 

The Premiums are, 

SURRENDER AT YORKTOWN, 

APOTHEOSIS OF WASHINGTON, 

NAGLE'S HENRY CLAY, 

M'DONOUGH'S VICTORY, 

UNITED STATES & MACEDONIAN, 20 " 26 



One 


(( 




5 


Two Premiums, 


10 


Two 


a 




15 


Two 


11 




20 


Three " 




25 




SIZE. 






24 by 34 inches. 


^, 


20 " 


26 


(( 




17 " 


22 


(( 




20 " 


26 


it 



THE ATIIEN^UM. 197 

The Philadelphia and Loganian libraries contairij united, 
about 60j000 volumes. The income of the Institution is 
$6j300 ; $4,000 of which is annually appropriated to the pur- 
chase of additional works. The Library is open every week- 
day, from 10 A. M., until sunset; during which time, strangers 
have free admission. 

In examining this Library, you are impressed with a sense 
of its magnitude and importance. Look where you will, you 
see books in cases, on shelves, in boxes, — such heaps of books, 
that you are astonished at their apparently perplexing and un- 
accountable variety. One can hardly realize the vastness of 
the labour that provided all these valuable records. L. P. 
Smith is the librarian. 

The Athen^um, is beautifully situated on the southeast 
corner of Sixth and Adelphi Streets. 

This Institution owes its origin to that taste for literary 
pursuits, which has always, to a great extent, characterized 
our city. In the year 1813, a few young men, feeling the 
want of a convenient place of common resort, in which their 
leisure hours could be passed without danger to their morals 
or tastes, came together and arranged a plan for the establish- 
ment of reading rooms, or a place in which periodicals, works 
of all descriptions, books of immediate interest, of reference 
and information, maps and charts, could be read and consulted 
at all hours of the day and evening. The eflforts of these 
young men were successful, for we find that on the 9 th of 
February, 1814, the Athenseum was organized, and articles of 
association adopted. It was first opened to the public, in a 
room over the book store at the southeast corner of Chestnut 
and Fourth Streets. Subsequently, it occupied a portion of 
the American Philosophical Society's building, Fifth below 
Chestnut Street. 

17* 



198 PHILADELPHIA AS IT IS. 

PROSPECTUS FOB. 1852. 

THE SATURDAY EVENING POST. 

THE LEADING LITERARY WEEKLY OF THE UNION. 

The proprietors of THE POST think it unnecessary to dwell upon the 
distinguishing features of their well-known weekly, whose brilliant 
success during an existence of THIRTY YEARS, is a sure guarantee 
for the future. 






luiiHt 



We may say, that we shall maintain for THE POST the character it 
has acquired of being a strictly moral paper, one that a parent may 
allow to go freely before his innocent sons and daughters. A careful 
guard shall also be kept, as heretofore, over our Advertising Columns, 
that nothing of an improper character may obtain admittance. 

THE POST also will contain every week Selected Articles of the 
choicest description, one or more Engravings, Humorous Articles, the 
Most Interesting News, Local News, Bank Note List, State of the 
Markets, the Stock Market, &c., &c. 



H ^ ^ f|!| ^^ 

The terms of THE POST are Two Dollars if paid in advance. Three 
Dollars if not paid in advance. For Five Dollars m advance, one copy 
is sent three years. We continue the following low terms for Clubs, 
to be sent, in the city, to one address, and, in the country, to one 
post-office. 

4 COPIES, $5 00 PER ANNUM. 

8 " (And one to Agent, or the getter up of the Club,) 10 00 " 

13 " (And one to Agent, or the getter up of the Club,) 15 00 " 

20 " (And one to Agent, or the getter up of the Club,) 20 00 " 

The money for Clubs must always be sent in advance. Subscrip- 
tions may be sent at our risk. When the sum is large, a draft should 
be procured if possible — the cost of which may be deducted from the 
amount. Address, always post-paid, 

DEACON & PETERSON; 

Wo. 66 South Third Street, Philadelphia. 

P.S. A copy of THE POST will be sent gratis, as a specimen, to 
any one requesting it. 



THE ATHENiEUM. 



199 




THE A T H E N ^ U M. 



The corner-stone of the present edifice was laid on the 1st 
of November, 1845, and the building opened on the 18th of 
October, 1847. As viewed from Washington Square, the 
Athenaeum has a chaste and beautiful appearance. The whole 
structure is 125 feet on Adelphi Street, and 50 feet on Sixth 
Street, and is 58 feet high. It is of the Italian style of ar- 
chitecture, and is at once bold and imposing. The beautiful 
proportions of its parts, the fine details, and the massive 
crowning cornice, give it an air of stateliness and grandeur, 
most impressive as a piece of city architecture. 

The first story of the building is occupied at present by the 
Controllers of the Public Schools, as their meeting-room and 
offices, and the private office of Mr. Barclay, attorney. The 
second story is arranged for the use of the association, and is 



200 PHILADELPHIA AS IT IS. 

ARTHUR'S HOME GAZETTE, 

FOR 1852. 

THE HOME GAZETTE, through the Editor's untiring efforts to pro- 
duce a weekly family paper combining the highest degree of interest 
and instruction, with an entire 

FREEDOM FROM VULGARITY, LOW SLANG, PROFANITY, 

or anything that can corrupt or deprave the mind, has already gained a 
wide circulation, and won the fullest confidence of a virtuous and dis- 
criminating public. In announcing the Prospectus, for 1852, the 
publishers have little to say beyond what has already been said. 
They have given to 

T. S. AETHUR, THE EDITOR, 

entire control of the paper. Not a line goes in without his super- 
vision ; and he is, therefore, responsible for all that appears therein. 
So that just the same confidence felt in him by the public, as a sound 
and safe moral teacher, may be felt in his " Home Gazette," which 
is emphatically 

A supporter of Religion and Tirtue, and the Conservator of Good 
Morals and Social Well-being. 

In the ORIGINAL LITERARY DEPARTMENT, no magazine in the country 
is better sustained than the "Home Gazette." Besides a regular 
series of articles from many of the best writers in the country. 

Nearly all tliat the E^ditor writes will appear first iu tlie 
'* Home Gazette." 

In order to keep the columns of our paper perfectly free from all 
that may injure either body or mind, all Medical Advertisements will be 
excluded; and also, all advertisements of bad books, or anything that can 
do harm. 

The Home Gazette is printed on white paper, with large clear 

TYPE. 

TERMS OF "ARTHUR'S HOME GAZETTE." 
One copy, per annum, . . . . $2 00 

Three copies, " . . . . 5 00 

Six '« '' . . . . 10 00 

Ten u *< _ ^ ^ . 15 00 

Fourteen, " . . . . 20 00 

Arthur's Home Gazette and Godey's Lady's Book, one year, 
FOUR dollars. 

Where a club of six, ten, or fourteen copies are sent, an extra copy 
will be furnished to the postmaster or other person who makes up 
the club. Address, post paid, 

T. S. ARTHUR & Co., 

No. 107 Walnut Street, Philadelphia. 



ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES. 201 

divided into a news-room, a library, and a cliess-room. The 
news-room fronts on Sixth Street, and a more delightful place 
to pass away an hour cannot be imagined. It is well supplied 
with the principal journals, both of this and foreign countries. 
The library is a large and convenient room, fronting on Adel- 
phi Street, neatly fitted up with book-cases. It contains over 
12,000 volumes. The chess-room is an anteroom between the 
two larger ones. In the third story, is the Hall of 

The Historical Society of Pennsylvania. — This society 
was instituted for the purpose of collecting and preserving 
matters connected with the history of Pennsylvania. The 
library contains 1,728 volumes, including 47 volumes of manu- 
scripts. Most of these books have been received during the 
last five years, principally by donation. It is open on the 
evenings of the second Monday of each month, and is accessi- 
ble to the members ; but only by courtesy to others. 

The books are divided into ten classes, viz., history, biogra- 
phy, manuscripts, pamphlets, periodicals, voyages and travels, 
newspapers, public documents of Pennsylvania, public docu- 
ments of the United States, and miscellaneous works. The 
Society have also a choice collection of coins, &c. 

The Academy of Natural Sciences, northwest corner 
of Broad and Gleorge Streets. This noble Institution was 
founded in January, 1812, and incorporated in 1817. The 
first meeting was composed of but seven gentlemen, having 
for their object, the advancement of Natural Science in all its 
branches. They resolved, at this primary meeting, to assemble 
weekly, for the purpose of conversing on scientific subjects, 
and thus communicate to each other the results of their 
reading, observation, and reflection. At the second meeting, 
held on the 17th of March, the following declaration was passed, 
fully setting forth the objects of the association: ^' We will con- 
tribute to the formation of a museum of natural history, a li- 



202 PHILADELPHIA AS IT IS. 

CHEAPEST FAMILY NEWSPAPER IN THE WORLD ! 

THE DOLLAR NEWSPAPER, 

AFFORDED TO SINGLE SUBSCRIBERS 

AT ONLY ONE DOLLAR PER YEAR. 

The Dollar Newspaper is now in the ninth year of its existence, 
and is printed on a large imperial sheet. 

AS A FAMILY NEWSPAPER 

It has won wide fame, being devoted to all the interests of Trade and 
Business, to Light Literature, and to the various matters which con- 
tribute to the formation of a complete Family Fireside Companion, 
in which amusement and instruction predominate. Its Original 
Domestic Stories have acquired for it a wide popularity ; and to 
maintain favour in this respect, arrangements have been effected 
with some of the ablest Story Writers in the country, both male and 
female. As a vehicle of the latest news, it possesses a worth not 
exceeded by any other paper of its character in the United States. 

FARMERS, ATTENTION! 

No other Family Newspaper gives so much attention to AGRICUL- 
TURAL SUB.JECTS, and no one, it is believed, publishes weekly so 
large an amount of original matter of interest to Farmers. 

TK£ ZMCAKKETS 

WHOLESALE AND RETAIL-PRICES OF CATTLE, OF PRODUCE, ETC., ETC. 
The important subjects which come under this head are minutely 
attended to, and more fully reported than in any other Weekly Family 
Paper in the country. 



TERMS PER YEAR. 




1 Copy, for one year, - - - - §1 

6 Copies, " - - - - 5 

13 " " . - - . 10 

20 " " .... 15 

27 " " - - - - 20 


34 Copies, for one year, - 
42 " " 

50 " " 

75 " " 

150 " " 


- S25 

- 30 

- 35 

- 50 

- 100 



The money in every instance to accompany the order, and free of 
postage, to be directed to the Publishers, Philadelphia. No subscrip- 
tion received for a shorter period of time than one year. 

To insure the privileges extended in this offer to Clubs, the condi- 
tions must be literally complied with, and, as regards the formation 
of the Clubs, the whole number must begin at the same time. 

POSTMASTERS AND SUBSCRIBERS. 
Every Postmaster in the country, whom our Subscribers may make 
their Agent, may write and frank orders for the "Newspaper," or 
sign, frank, and send orders for the "Newspaper," written by an- 
other. 

Jl^"" No subscriptions continued for a longer period than ordered 
and paid for. Address, post-paid, 

A. H. SIMMONS & CO., 
Publisliers of tlie Dollar Ke^vspaper. 
iS* Wm coriicr Tliird and Cliestiiut Streets, Plxiladelphia* 



ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES. 



203 




LOVDEMHrKSHllFfWMti^^— ' 



ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES. 



brary of works on science, a chemical experimental laboratory, 
an experimental philosophical apparatus, and every other de- 
sirable appendage or convenience for the illustration and ad- 
vancement of knowledge, for the common benefit of all who 
may be admitted members of the Institution." Those early 
meetings were held at private residences. Subsequently they 
were enabled to obtain a room in North Second Street, and at 
a still later period, a building in Arch Street, which was 
occupied as the Hall of the Academy until they removed to 
the present building. When this new Hall was erected, it 
was well adapted to its purpose ; but, although only ten years 
ago it was considered large enough to accommodate the col- 
lections for half a century, it is now crowded to excess. 

The library contains a collection of over 126,000 volumes, 



204 PHILADELPHIA AS IT IS. 

W. V. M'KEAN, Principal Editor. WIEN FORNEY, Associate. 

PUBLISHED DAILY AT 

No. 78 SOUTH THIRD STREET, 

PHILADELPHIA. 

Or THREE DOLLARS payable at the end of each six months ; or 
at FIVE DOLLARS per year, when paid at the time of subscribing, 
and punctually at the commencement of each year thereafter. 

THE TRI-WEEKLY PENNSYLVANIAN. 

Published every Tuesday, Thursday, and Saturday, at 
TWO COPIES FOR S5 IN ADVANCE. 

Is Published every Saturday 
AT ONE DOLLAR PER ANNUM, INVARIABLY IN ADVANCE. 

SIX COPIES FOR FIVE DOLLARS. 

THE NORTH AMERICAN AND UNITED 
STATES GAZETTE, 

DEVOTED TO COMMERCIAL, MANUFACTURING, MARINE, MONE- 
TARY, AND GENERAL INTELLIGENCE, 
IS PUBLISHED DAILY AT EIGHT DOLLARS PER ANNUM, AT 
No. 66 SOUTH THIRD STRE5ET, 

BY M'MICHAEL AND BIRD. 

This Paper, in all its departments and arrangements, is equal to 
any in the United States. Its Telegraphic Agencies, its Foreign and 
Domestic Correspondence, its Editorial and Reportorial force, are 
unsurpassed. Every branch is under the supervision of competent 
and experienced persons, who apply themselves exclusively to its 
interest ; and the result is, a condensed, compact, yet comprehensive 
mass of information, of the highest value and importance to every 
man of business. From its immense circulation, and high character, 
both at home and abroad, it is a most desirable and remunerative 
advertising medium. 



AC x\ DEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES. 205 

and nearly 500 maps, charts, &c., exclusive of periodicals, serials, 
and pamphlets. The Library, occupying an apartment on the 
ground floor of the Hall, is about 45 feet by 28, and 14 feet 
high, with a gallery on all its sides. The books are arranged 
according to subjects. This Library is particularly rich in all 
departments of Natural History. In ornithology it is quite 
complete. In this department, at least, it is said to be the 
most extensive in the United States, if not in the world. 

For these magnificent collections, the Academy is mainly 
indebted to the munificence of three gentlemen, — Mr. Maclure, 
Dr. R. E. Griffiths, and Dr. T. B. Wilson. Mr. Maclure 
presented 5,233 volumes, embracing some of the most costly 
works of natural history, the fine arts, and antiquities. In it 
too, are found Bonaparte's great work on Egypt, Pirenesi's 
Italy, and the splendid natural historical illustrations of Ke- 
doute, Humboldt, Poli, and many others. 

The museum is divided into three cabinets, viz., Zoology, 
Botany, and Geology and Mineralogy. It is also said to be the 
best in the United States. 

The attention required by the zoological preparations, and 
the space necessary to their proper exhibition, are obstacles 
against which this Society has been inadequately provided ; 
hence we find the collection of quadrupeds comparatively 
small. 

The department of Comparative Anatomy embraces some 
highly interesting subjects ; among which we may particularize 
the perfect skeleton of the Indian Rhinoceros, brought from 
the Himalaya Mountains, by Dr. Burrows. It also contains 
the late Dr. Morton's celebrated cabinet of crania, the most 
extensive in the world. 

In examining this collection, we were astonished at the 
immense variety displayed. What a gathering ! Here, for aught 
we know, may be the "cranium" of some learned Theban or 

18 



206 PHILADELPHIA AS IT IS. 

i^\)t }pcun$ijbaiiia Inquirer, 

THE LARGEST DAILY PAPER IN THE STATE. 
Devoted to Politics, Literature, News, &c. 



TERMS. 

Daily — Payable half yearly in advance, - - - $8 00 
Tri-Weekly — Payable yearly in advance, - - 5 00 



The Inquirer contains forty columns of matter, printed with clear 
and distinct type, and on good white paper. It is a Journal suited to 
both the Counting-house and the Domestic Circle. 

While News, Politics, and Business matters take the lead in its 
columns, Literature, Science, and Art are not overlooked. 

New York, Washington, and Harrisburg Correspondents keep the 
readers advised on all important National and State affairs, while 
Foreign and Home Correspondents contribute constantly to its columns. 

Its Local Department is also attended to by an efficient corps of 
reporters. 

As a Family and Commercial paper, the Pennsylvania Inquirer 
stands foremost among the newspapers of the Union, the Publisher 
having spared neither labour nor expense to place it in the position it 
now occupies in public estimation. It has an extensive circulation, 
not only in Philadelphia, but throughout this and the neighbouring 
States, thus rendering it one of the most valuable mediums of Ad- 
vertising for the Business community of Philadelphia and elsewhere. 



TERMS FOR ADVERTISING, 

Jg@^ Half Square, 1 time, 25 cents, 

1 Square, 1 time, - - $0 50 

1 " 2 times, - - 75 

1 " 3 times, - - 1 00 

1 " 1 week, - - 1 75 

Ten Lines constitute a Square 



1 Square, 2 weeks, - - $3 25 

1 " 1 month, - 5 00 

1 " 2 months, - 8 00 

1 " 3 months, - 10 00 



JZSSFXSB. KAHDIKa, 

Proprietor and Publisher, 
No. 57 South. Third Street, Philadelphia. 



ACADEMY OF NATURAL SCIENCES. 207 

Babylonian, who three thousand years ago delighted in the 
study of Natural Science ; and there, perhaps that of a cour- 
tier, — 

" Once doomed to kneel 
At Pharaoh's throne, and anxious tremors feel ; 
And this, that of a priest, who often taught the crowd 
With -words of eloquence, -whilst listening votaries bowed; 
Or perhaps, he, face to face, sa-w Moses, -when his sacred rod 
Shook o'er the guilty land the plagues of God. 
This, may have been a sage ; and this hoUo-w skull 
Was peopled once with thoughts, with wit and wisdom full ; 
Yes! through these socket-holes, the curious eye 
Scanned the heavens' wide arch, and read the spangled sky. 
And this, alas! the remnant of some beauteous one. 
That once amid the halls of Memphis shone. 
Three thousand years ago ! Ah, years are swift and brief, 
Since this was, perhaps, the head of a lordly chief. 
Poor skulls ! whilst gazing on you now, 
Ambition well may sigh, and Wisdom bow ; 
Though mute, you do not teach the less — 
A sermon read we in thy ghastliness!" 

Perhaps no one branch of natural science has been more 
assiduously cultivated by the members of this Academy than 
Ornithology. This collection is also said to be without a 
rival in Europe or America. It contains over 25,000 speci- 
mens, beautifully displayed in glass cases. The natural tints 
of the feathers are preserved in all their freshness, and the 
character and natural expression of each individual are fully re- 
tained, ^e never saw finer specimens of the art of taxidermy, 
than those under notice. The collection of humming-birds is 
exceedingly brilliant; the eye in examining them is com- 
pletely dazzled by the kaleidoscope-like glitter of purple and 
gold, of crimson and blue. The collections of eggs, and 
of nests of birds, are also very extensive ; so are those of fishes, 
reptiles, Crustacea, insects, &c. 

The Cabinet of Botany is particularly rich ; the Herbarium 
embracing over 30,000 specimens of plants, of which no less 



208 



PHILADELPHIA AS IT IS. 



D REER 8l HAYES, 



JEWEIiLERS, 



AND ASSAYERS AND DEALERS IN 



GOLD AND SILVER BULLION, 




-" TMJiiwii^ l! 



GOLDSMITHS' HALL, 
Library Street, Philadelphia. 

t^ CALIFORNIA GOLD BOUGHT, -^a 



ACADEMY OP NATURAL SCIENCES. 209 

than 23^000 were bequeathed by the late Mr. L. D. Yon 
Schweinitz. These were the acquisition of a single indi- 
vidual, during a period of forty years devoted to this favour- 
ite science. The Academy also possesses the valuable Herba- 
rium of Mr. T. Nuttall. This gentleman was for many years 
ardently engaged in botanical researches, in pursuit of which 
he traversed the United States and territories, from the At- 
lantic to the Pacific, and from Maine to Mexico. 

The Geological series is also very complete. It comprises 
over seven thousand specimens, of which a large portion are 
fossil organic remains of animals and plants. 

The department of Mineralogy is likewise full. The principal 
portion of this collection was contributed by the late Mr. 
Maclure, an early friend and ardent supporter of the Institu- 
tion; indeed, to this gentleman's talent, generosity, and influ- 
ence the Academy owes, in a great measure, its permanence 
and prosperity. Geology was the engrossing study of his mind, 
and he pursued it with an enthusiasm and success to which 
time, toil, and distance, presented but temporary obstacles. 
He went forth, with his hammer in his hand and his wallet 
on his shoulder, pursuing his researches often amid pathless 
tracts and dreary wastes, until he crossed and recrossed the 
Alleghany Mountains no less than fifty times. Some of his 
adventures were, in after years, the theme of amusing anecdote. 
When travelling in a remote district, the inhabitants seeing 
him battering the rocks, supposed him to be a lunatic escaped 
from confinement; and on one occasion, the inmates of a public 
house, on his approach, took refuge indoors, and refused him 
admittance, until convinced that he was really of sound mind. 

This Institution has added largely to the stock of science, 
and now enjoys a high and well-deserved reputation. The 
Hall is a very beautiful building. Visiters are admitted 
on Tuesday and Friday afternoons. 

18* 



210 



PHILADELPHIA AS IT IS. 



YERGER & ORD, 

PATENTEES AND MANUFACTUEERS OF THE 

METALLIC SKELETON ARTIFICIAL LEG, 



IMPROVED ANATOMICAL MACHINERY 
For the Treatment of Deformities. 

The Metallic Skeleton Limb is light, 
neat, strong, and durable. It is con- 
structed of steel ribs, and rings, or bands, 
united together upon the principle of a 
lattice bridge, or arch, one piece bracing 
and sustaining the other, rendering it 
capable of bearing any required weight; 
the socket or receptacle of the stump 
being open below, allows a free circula- 
tion of air, keeping it always cool and 
healthy, thereby preventing ulceration, 
which is almost invariably the conse- 
quence when the stump is confined in 
air-tight sockets. 

The motions of the knee and ankle 
joints approach so near to nature as to 
render it almost impossible to distinguish 
it from the natural limb; and it can be 
adapted to every form of amputation, and 
worn without the least difficulty. 

No stronger proof can be given of its 
superiority than the fact that it has been 
examined and approved of by all of the 
eminent Surgeons and Physicians in 
Philadelphia -and elsewhere, to whom 
we take pleasure in referring at all times. 
The 5Iassachusetts Charitable Mecha- 
nics' Association, the American Institute, 
New York, and the Franklin Institute, 
Philadelphia, have awarded Silver Medals 
to Yerger & Ord, for the Skeleton Leg 
and Deformity Apparatus constructed by 
them. The public are cautioned against 
a certain party who is endeavouring in 
vain to holster up his shacMing business 
by circulating a petty species of slander, 
which has been justly refuted by an 
overwhelming patronage from those ho expected to win by pursuing a course too far 
beneath the character of a vian for us to notice in detail. 

Every information in reference to the Metallic Leg, Ankle Supporter, and Instru- 
ments for Deformity, will be given on application, personally or by letter (post paid), 
to No. 7 Phoenix Block, Southwest corner of Second and Dock Streets, Philadelphia. 

GEORGE W. YERGER, ^ proprietors 
JOHN F. ORD, > i-roprietors. 




THE MERCANTILE LIBRARY. 



211 




THE ]M E R C A N T I L E LIBRARY. 



The Mercantile Library is situated on the southeast 
corner of Fifth and Library Streets. This Institution was 
founded for the benefit of the young men employed in the va- 
rious mercantile establishments in the city. It was opened in 
temporary rooms, on the 19th of January, 1821, in the second 
story of No. 100 Chestnut Street. The present new and really 
elegant building, was erected in 1844-45, at a cost of 
$23,199 42, including furniture, &c. This building is unsur- 
passed for convenience of arrangement, and adaptation to the 
purpose for which it was designed, and it is justly deemed one 
of the chief ornaments of the city. The Library contains up- 
wards of 10,000 volumes of well-selected books. The reading- 
rooms are always well attended, and the books have an un- 
ceasing circulation. "To all who may have made use of it, the 
" Mercantile" has been a rich treasure, a pure and constant 
source of pleasure and improvement. In its list of members 



212 PHILADELPHIA AS IT IS. 

[F>ii=urg[^ ©^ ©©wiK©^ 

MANUFACTURER OF 

BON'STETS ASTD STRAV/ HATS, 

No. 33 North Fourth Street, four doors above Arch. 

WILLIAM B. EDWARDS, 

mmA mm wmmmmm% 

No. Ill Chestnut Street, 

(up stairs,) 

|)l)ilabelpliia. 
JAMES H. BRYSON'S 

No. 2 North Sixth Street, Philadelphia. 

IN A CHEAP AND SUPERIOR STYLE. 

Cards, Circulars, and every description of Letter-press Printing. 
Labels, Bill Heads, Bank Checks, Notices, Blanks, Auction and 
Library Catalogues, Constitutions, Pamphlets, and Books, at the 
cheapest rates. 

MARCUS A. ROOT'S 

DAGUERREOTYPE CRAYON, 

ODr bignette portraits anh iHiniatures. 

AN IMPORTANT IMPROVEMENT— PROCESS PATENTED. 

Strangers and Citizens are invited to call and examine this new and much admired 

style of "Sun Painting," pronounced "Perfection." 

Root's Galleries, 14:0 Cliestnut St*$ tliird door below FiftU* 

CHARGES REASONABLE. 



N. B. Mr. R. attends personally to his Sitters, and will strive to make every effort 

perfectly satisfactory. 

GOLD MEDAL JUST AWARDED TO M. A. & S. ROOT, 

BY THE AMERICAN INSTITUTE, OF NEW YORK, 
for the 

BEST D AG U ERR EO JY P ES, 

Of all sizes, ever exhibited in this country, making Ten First Premium Gold and 
Silver Medals, awarded at the Great Fairs in Boston, New York, and Philadelphia, 
for Pictures made at Root's Galleries. 

N. B. — Daguerreotypes, Paintings, Drawings, &c., copied. Out-door Views and 
Miniatures of Deceased Persons taken at the shortest notice. 



THE FRANKLIN INSTITUTE. 213 

may be found a large proportion of our most honoured mer- 
chants, who best enjoy and use the fruits of their industry. 

The Franklin Institute, is a valuable association, or- 
ganized, as stated in its constitution, ^^ For the promotion and 
encouragement of Manufactures and the Mechanic and Use- 
ful Arts, by the establishment of popular lectures on the 
sciences connected with them ; by the formation of a library, 
reading-room, and a cabinet of models and minerals ; by offer- 
ing premiums on all subjects deenied worthy of encourage- 
ment ; by examining all new inventions submitted to them ; 
and by such other means as they may judge expedient." 
This Institution was incorporated on the 30th of March, 1824. 
The members are manufacturers, mechanics, artisans, and 
persons friendly to the mechanic arts. The Hall of the Insti- 
tute, located on Seventh, above Chestnut Street, is a plain and 
substantial edifice, having a spacious lecture-room on the first 
story, in which, during the winter season, lectures are deli- 
vered on mechanics, chemistry, and other sciences, to large 
and intelligent audiences. The reading-room, library, and 
cabinets of models and minerals, are in the second story. The 
library, though not large, is valuable ; it contains about 6,000 
volumes, principally mechanical and scientific works. The 
reading-room is well attended, and liberally supplied with 
periodicals and newspapers. In October, of each year, this 
Institution has an extensive exhibition of American manufac- 
tures. The extent and interest of these exhibitions cannot be 
described, or their importance to the industry and skill of 
our mechanics over-estimated. The exhibition is always an 
object of attraction, alike to citizens and strangers. It is ge- 
nerally held in the spacious saloons of the Museum Building, 
corner of Ninth and (j-eorge Streets. 

The Journal of the Franklin Institute, published by this 
Association, is the oldest extant mechanical periodical pub- 



214 



PHILADELPHIA AS IT IS. 



AU PAEISIEN. 



SILVER MEDALS AWARDED! 

PREMIUM SPRING MATTRASS. 
E. FOLIOT, 



^ ^ ^, 4i^ 4^ ^^^ 
SPRING MATTRASS & CABINET-WARE 

No. §9 South Fourth, 

Second door below Walnut Street. 

Bedsteads, Bureaus, Sofas, Chairs, and Arm- 
chairs, Carpets, &c. 

CURTAINS, DRAPERIES. LAMBROQUINS 

M. WALKER & SONS, 

CORNER OF SIXTH ANH 3MARKET STREETS, 




PATENT WIRE SACKING BEDSTEADS, 

OF WROUGHT IRON. 

THE SACKING OF SPRING WIRE BEING EASILY TAKEN APART, 
The whole may he packed in a very small space* 

FOLDING BEDSTEADS, 

WHICH MAY BE CARRIED UNDER THE ARM. 
Wire Cradles, Wrought Iron Chairs, Sofas, Flower-Trainers, Wire 
Fenders, Sieves, and every variety of Iron, Copper, and Brass Wire 
Cloth. 

Circulars and explanations on request by mail, or at the Store. 



LIBRARY OF THE LAW ASSOCIATION. 215 

lisbed in America. The deservedly liigh reputation, both at 
home and abroad, which the Journal has acquired and sus- 
tains, has given it an exchange list and a circulation of the 
best character. It contains notices of all the patents issued 
in the United States, together with a vast amount of informa- 
tion on Mechanics, Chemistry, Civil Engineering, &c., &c. 

Library of the Law Association of Philadelphia. — 
In the year 1802, a few gentlemen of the bar associated them- 
selves for the purpose of obtaining a Law Library. They 
succeeded by degrees in forming a collection, which, with the 
limited number of law books then extant, was all that was 
wanted. With the increasing number of reports in modern 
times, the library, as originally organized, fell very far be- 
hind the professional requirements of the day; and in Septem- 
ber, 1841, an effort was made to enlarge the collection, and to 
place it upon such a basis as should make it worthy of the bar 
to which it belonged. Between the 15th of October, 1841, 
and the 1st of March, 1850, there has been expended by the 
Society, in the purchase of new books, the sum of ^9,583 72, 
exclusive of S865 87, paid for binding, &c. 

The collection, we are informed, is now complete in all those 
departments usually required in the practice of law. There 
exists in it, a series of all the English, Irish, and American 
reports, — a department in which, we believe, no other library, 
either in Great Britain or the United States, is equally 
perfect. The department of text-books is also good ; and, in 
addition to complete collections of the British statutes at large, 
and of the acts, both of our state and federal legislature, in 
their authoritative, unabridged condition, there will be found 
upon the shelves of this Library such digests and works of 
general jurisprudence as have obtained with the profession 
any title to authority. As a means of professional culture, 
and of extending among the bar a knowledge of the judicial 



216 PHILADELPHIA AS IT IS. 

PIANO-FORTE MANUFACTURER, 

No, 52 Soxitli Fifth Street, toelow Walnut, Pliiladclpliia. 
F IV SPHFRR 

PIANO-FORTE MANUFACTURER, 

No. 26 G Chestnut Street, near Tenth. 

pijUabelpliia. 
J. S. EARLE'S 

GALLERY OF PAINTINGS, 

OF HIS OWN IMPORTATION FROM EUROPE, 

MANUFACTORY, 
NO. 216 CHESTNUT STREET, 

OPPOSITE GIRARD HOUSE, PHILADELPHIA. 

J^^ Regilding, Removing, Hanging and Packing attended to ; also, 
Restoring of Paintings. 

ORNAMENTAL STAINED GLASS. 

CATTELL & CRAIG, 

NO. 21 NORTH SEVENTH STREET, PHILADELPHIA, 

MANUFACTURERS OF 

IPAKT©^ S^AHHISID AEJID) IPILi^nH ^PUKf^ISI!]) ©ILilLSS^ 

ALSO LEAD SASH FOR 

CHURCHES. PUBLIC AND PRIVATE BUILDINGS. STEAMBOATS. ETC. 
HOUSE AND SIGN PAINTING 

IN ALL THEIR BRANCHES, NEATLY EXECUTED. 

Jl^^ Orders received for any part of the United States. 

WALTER CRESSON, 
29 Commerce Street, above Fifth, 

MANUFACTURER OF 

IvIILL, CriOSS-CITT, AND PIT SATTS, 

CIRCULAR SAWS, PLASTERING TROWELS, 

VENEERING " BRICK TROWELS, 

COOPERS' *' CARPENTERS' SQUARES, 

WOOD " HAY KNIVES, CASE KNIVES, 

BUTCHERS' BOW, STRAW KNIVES, ETC., 

At lowest prices. 



COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS. 217 

decisions of England, and of the United States, this Library 
affords all that is as yet practicable, and much of all that can 
at any time be desired. 

The Library occupies a room in the second story of the old 
Congress Hall, or County Court-house, Sixth and Chestnut 
Streets. It is open daily, from 10 A. M. to 3 P. M., and from 
4 J o'clock until sunset. 

The College of Physicians, was chartered on the 26th 
of March, 1789. Its objects are, ^'to advance the science of 
medicine, and thereby to lessen human misery, by investi- 
gating the diseases and remedies which are peculiar to this 
country ; by observing the effect of different seasons, climates, 
and situations, upon the human body; by recording the 
changes which are produced in diseases by the progress of 
agriculture, arts, population, and manners ; by searching for 
medicines in the American woods, waters, and in the bowels 
of the earth; by enlarging the avenues to knowledge from the 
discoveries and publications of foreign countries ; and by cul- 
tivating order and uniformity in the practice of physic." 

The College consists of Fellows and Associates. The Fel- 
lows must be practitioners of medicine, residing in the city or 
the incorporated districts of Philadelphia, and must be over 
twenty-four years of age. The Associates are distinguished 
practitioners residing without the above limits. No person 
who gives his support to any system of practice which is sus- 
tained by efforts to weaken or diminish public confidence in 
the science of medicine, or in the medical profession, or who, 
by advertisement, announces himself as possessing superior 
qualifications in the treatment of diseases, or of a particular 
disease, or who holds a patent, or part of a patent, for a surgical 
instrument, or gives a prescription to any apothecary, which 
he refuses to give to other apothecaries, or who deals in secret 
medicines, or publicly recommends them, can be elected either 

19 



218 



PHILADELPHIA AS IT IS. 



MASON'S CHALLENGE BLACKING, 



AND 



COFVINC^ AND WRITING INKS. 




James S. Mason & Co., having removed to their large and com- 
modious new Granite Building, No. 108 North Front Street, are now 
prepared, by the aid of Steam Power, and new and improved ma- 
chinery, to keep pace with the increased demand for their unrivalled 
manufactures, which are warranted of superior quality, and at the 
lowest prices. 

Orders for exportation or home consumption promptly executed by 

JAMES S. MASON & CO., 

No. 108 Nortli Front Street* 



LIBRARIES. 219 

a Fellow or an Associate of this College. Should any member, 
after his election, be so engaged, he immediately forfeits his 
rights as such. 

The Association publishes a summary of its transactions 
every three months. These transactions embrace all written 
communications presented to the College which the publishing 
committee may select, a statement of all the facts relating to 
the science of medicine, surgery, or obstetrics, communicated 
verbally to the College by its Fellows, and an abstract of all 
discussions upon subjects of general interest which take place 
at the meetings of the Society. This periodical is one of the 
most valuable medical works of the day. 

The Library of the German Society, contains a col- 
lection of about 8,000 volumes, of both English and German 
works. The Hall is in Seventh below Market Street. 

The Library of the University of Pennsylvania, 
is located in the University Buildings, Ninth below Market 
Street. This Library originated by private donations from 
the friends of the Institution; among whom the Rev. Wil- 
liam Smith, the first Provost of the College and Academy, 
and Dr. McDowell, one of his successors, deserve to be parti- 
cularly remembered. During the war of Independence, the 
Library was enriched by a donation of books from Louis XVI. 
of France. These books were printed at the royal printing 
ofiice, and consist principally of works on mathematics and on 
natural history, among which is a collection of M. BujBfon's, 
together with some Byzantine historians. They are carefully 
preserved, and will, it is hoped, long remain a memorial of the 
generosity of that unfortunate monarch. The Library at pre- 
sent, contains about 5,000 volumes. 

The Library of the Pennsylvania Hospital. — The 
first medical work possessed by this Institution, was Louis's 
^' History of Materia Medica,'^ presented in 1762. It was 



220 



PHILADELPHIA AS IT IS. 



J. W. M'CURDY & SON, 

XTO. Ill CHSSTNUT STREET, 

WHOLESALE MANUFACTURERS OF 



LADIES', 



MISSES', 



AND 



CHILDREN'S 




BOOTS, 



SHOES, 



AND 



GAITERS. 



Oa Qa aai?®'ao 

WHOLESALE & RETAIL 

CARPETINGS, WINDOW-SHADES. DOOR-MATS. ETC., 

No. 223 North Second Street, above Wood^ 



PETER SCHULER, 



filhW ®°F@ [IT 



/a [K E [i, 



TUNER AND REPAIRER, 
No. 146 Walnut Street, above Fifth, 

PHILADELPHIA. 

Jl^^ Guitars, Violins, &c., carefully put in order. °^a 



LIBRARIES. 221 

subsequently determined to demand a fee from students attend- 
ing the wards, and to appropriate the funds so obtained to the 
founding of a Medical Library. 

The first catalogue published, which was in 1790, contained 
21 folios, 79 quartos, 341 octavos, and 89 duodecimos, a total 
of 528 volumes. The increasing number of students from 
that time, has afforded a fund for the steady increase of the 
library. For several years the books were selected and pur- 
chased by the celebrated Lettsom, who enriched the collection 
with many valuable donations. In the year 1800, Sarah 
Lane presented 142 volumes of medical books, some of which 
are of great rarity ; and on the decease of Dr. B. S. Barton, 
his extensive and choice collection of works on natural history, 
was obtained by purchase from his widow. At present, the 
library contains over 10,000 volumes, occupying a large and 
elegant room in the Hospital. The works are mostly medical, 
and those pertaining to kindred sciences. In these depart- 
ments it is, probably, the most extensive in the country. 

The Apprentices^ Library, southwest corner of Arch 
and Fifth Streets. Among the many organizations for the 
diffusion of knowledge in this city, not among the least is this 
excellent institution. The Apprentices' Library was founded, 
by voluntary contributions from our benevolent citizens, in 
1819. It now contains over 12,000 volumes of well-selected 
books, embracing generally the most approved and standard 
works. The usefulness of this institution can only be esti- 
mated by seeing the number of young persons who seek its 
treasures ; upwards of 1200 boys and 600 girls now partake of 
its benefits. 

The Friends' Library, Race Street below Fifth. This 
Institution loans books to any person, no matter what their 
creed, nation, or colour may be, on producing a certificate of 
character from some one of the Society of Friends. This, and 

19* 



222 PHILADELPHIA AS IT IS. 

MCALLISTER & CO., 
J\o. 48 Chestnut Street, 

PHILADELPHIA, 

Have for sale a large assortment of Gold, Silver, and Light-Blued 
Steel Spectacles. Horn, Tortoise Shell, Blued Steel, Gold, and Gold- 
Plated Hand or Nose Spectacles and Eye-Glasses. 

Cases of Drawing Instruments of Brass, from 50 cents to $30 each. 

" " " of German Silver, from $2 to $40 each. 

Separate Instruments, as Finely Divided Ivory Scales and Protractors, 

Fine Dividers, Drawing Pens, &c. , &c. 
Compound Microscopes, of a Power of 15 to 60 diameters, $1 50 

to $10. 
Achromatic Microscopes for Medical Examinations, $16 to $200. 
Objects for the Microscope, parts of Insects, Wood, Guano, &c., 

20 cents to 50 cents each. 
Anatomical Objects for the Microscope, (Injected,) 75 cents each. 
Eye-Pieces and Object-Glasses for Microscopes, for sale separately. 
Spy-Glasses of a really useful kind, $2 75 to $8 50 each. 

" for Ship's use, $5 to $15. 

Astronomical Telescopes, $30 to $275. 
Self-Registering Thermometers, to show the greatest degree of heat 

or cold in any time, (say during the night,) $2 to $2 60. 
Handsome Thermometers for Parlours, $2 to $10 each. 
Usual Tin Case Thermometers, 62 cents to $1 25 each. 
Hygrometers (Mason's,) to show the dampness of the weather, $3. 
Aneroid Barometers, $15 25 and $18. These can be transported with 

safety ; — the usual kind cannot. 
iSIagic Lanterns, $12 to $23. 

" '♦ to Dissolve, $41 to $51. 

*' " with Gas Light, $120 to $140. These dissolve and 

give a strong clear light. 

The above prices are for the Lanterns only. The Paintings are 
extra, and vary in price according to size and quality. 
Fine Single Views of Jerusalem, Bethlehem, &c., for the Gas Lan- 
tern, $4 50 each. 
A Set of Scripture Painting, usual size, 39 views, $30. 
A Set of Astronomical Sliders, $16. 
Comic Sliders, $1 25 to $3 each. Finely executed Views of the Holy 

Land, Egypt, &c., $3 to $6 each. 
Magnifying Glasses, Camera Lucidas, Landscape Mirrors, Hour 

Glasses, Pentagraphs, Magnets, Tape Measure, Linen or Metallic, 

or to wind up with a spring, Polarizing Apparatus, Print Machines, 

&c., &c. 

"We have Catalogues giving a more definite list of the Microscopes 
and Magic Lanterns. 



224 PHILADELPHIA AS IT IS. 

LINDSAY & BLAKISTON 

PUBLISH 

WYTHES' MICROSCOPIST'S MANUAL, 

Or, A Complete Manual for the Use of the Microscope. 

BY J. H. WYTHES, M.D. 

With Numerous Illustrations. Price $1. 

This is the only microscopic manual published. It has been very 

carefully prepared, Dr. W. having paid much attention to the subject 

for many years. It is freely illustrated, and will be found useful to 

the student, and curious and interesting to the general reader. 

WILLIAM B. GIHON, 

AND 

N.W. Corner of Third and Walnut Streets. 



VAN LOAN DAGUERREAN GALLERY, 

NO. 159 CHESTNUT STREET, 

(nearly opposite the custom house.) 

The Daguerreotypes made at this Establishment rank among the 
VERY FINEST PRODUCTIONS OF THE ART. Every picture is 
GUARANTIED TO GIVE SATISFACTION. FAMILY GROUPS, and 
large plate pictures, as well as the smaller ones, are sold at about 
HALF THE USUAL PRICE of other first class pictures. Fine Lockets, 
Fancy Cases and Frames, always on hand at greatly reduced prices. 

AAEON J. SANSON, 

Sro. 267 CHESTSrUT STREET, 

[Front of Girard Hotel,) 

MANUFACTURER OF THE IMPROVED STYLE ELASTIC STEEL-SPRING 
WHALEBONE-RIB SOLID SOLE LEATHER AND SOLID RIVETTED 

TRAVELLING TRUNKS. 

CARPET-BAGS, VALISES, &c., &o. 



SPRING GARDEN INSTITUTE. 225 

the Apprentices^ Library, are the only institutions of this kind 
in our city. This ought not to be. Free libraries are of the 
highest importance in a community like that of Philadelphia, 
for they would give to the poor, to a great extent, the master- 
key of self-education. It is useless to say that books are 
cheap ; cheap though they be, they are dear to those whose 
toil scarcely suffices to procure their daily living. The founders 
and supporters of the above-mentioned institutions, are en- 
titled to all praise. We hope that ere long others will ^^ Go 
and do likewise.^' 

Since writing the above, we have the pleasure of noticing 
another shrine to Knowledge. Spring Garden is moving in 
the good cause. The citizens of that flourishing district have 
established 

The Spring Garden Institute. — Here, in truth, will be 
a free reading-room and library, of the most approved kind. 
The spirit with which this enterprise has been undertaken is 
admirable. Its friends are earnest, truth-seeking men, who 
not only talk, but labour. Can their efforts be otherwise than 
successful ? 

This new structure — of which our illustration is a correct 
and beautiful view — will be an ornament to its vicinity, Broad 
and Spring Garden Streets. 

In addition to the above Libraries and Associations, there 
are numerous minor institutions and clubs, &c., many of which 
have a choice collection of books for the use of their own mem- 
bers. Nor should we overlook the Southwark Library 
Company, in Second below German Street, the Northern 
Liberties Franklin Library Company, in Second near 
Tammany Street, the Jefferson Library and Literary 
Association, corner of Brown and Second Streets, and the 
Free Eeading-EoOxM Association, of Spring Garden. 



226 PHILADELPHIA AS IT IS. 

OF THE MOST APPROVED KIND, 

FAVOURABLY KNOWN AS 

J. V. M'ELWEE'S PATENT, 

Are now manufactured and for sale at the 

Old Established Bedding and Feather Store, 

Where may also be found a good assortment of 

CAEPETINGS, 

MATTINGS, ETC., 

ALL AT THE LOWEST CASH PRICES. 

HARTLEY & KNIGHT, 

148 South Second Street, above Spruce, Philada. 



N. B. — H. & K., having purchased of J. V. M'Elwee the patent 
right for the Spring Mattrass of his invention, intend having them 
manufactured in such a manner as to merit the high reputation they 
have hitherto deservedly acquired. 



SCHOOL OF DESIGN FOR WOMEN. 



227 




SPRING GARDEN INSTITUTE. 



We learn, also, that the Commissioners of Kensington have 
appropriated a lot of ground as a site for the erection of a 
Hall, to be designated The Kensington Institute. The 
establishment of this praiseworthy enterprise is yet in its in- 
fancy. We hope that the example of Spring Garden will urge 
on the good work, not only in Kensington, but in all our dis- 
tricts. Such institutions will go far to refine and elevate the 
character of our young men ; there cannot be too many of 
them. 

School of Design for Women. — This valuable Institution 
was established in the year 1850, under the patronage of the 
Franklin Institute. Its object is to open, for educated women, 
other avenues of productive industry than are now within their 
reach, by means of which they may find suitable and more 
profitable employments, and to aid the manufacturing interests 



228 



PHILADELPHIA AS IT IS. 



1 hft Largest Printing Establishment in the City. 




T. K. & P. G. COLLINS, 

STEAM POWER PRESS 
PRINTING OFFICE, 

No. 1 Lodge Alley, 

(between market and chestnut, and seventh and eighth streets,) 

BOOK, PAMPHLET, AND JOB PRINTING, 

In all their various branches, executed with neatness and despatch. 

BRIEFS AND PAPER BOOKS, 

Parcliineiit Deeds and Attorneys' Blanks^ &c., &e., 

Printed with facility, neatness, and correctness. 

WOOD-CUT PRINTING, 

In Black, or Tinted Colours, done in superior style. 

N.B. Orders from all parts of the United States punctually 

attended to. 



THE FINE ARTS. 229 

by cultivating the Arts of Design in connexion with the^n- 
dustrial arts. 

Young women, whose minds are sufficiently cultivated to 
enter upon a course of instruction, may freely come forward 
and enjoy the advantages of this school. The charges are 
extremely moderate, considering the benefits to be derived. 

The School of Design will mark, it is hoped, a tiew era in 
our manuftictures. In Europe, signal advantages have been 
derived for the arts, from a close alliance between the useful 
and the ornamental. The silk and porcelain of France, the 
iron and glass of Germany, are instances of the manner in 
which articles of use and luxury can acquire iiicreased attrac- 
tion and value from tasteful decoration or eleo-ant form. The 
care with which, in those countries, the Arts of Design have 
long been fostered, has secured a market for their fabrics, in 
certain branches of industry, which until recently was without 
a rival. 

The importance of this subject to our manufacturers, cannot 
be over-estimated; for, unless as Americans, we can compete 
in matters of taste with European artists, we must for ever 
be subject to the mortification of following where we should 
lead. Then, gentlemen, look to it ! Avail yourselves of the 
immense advantages to your interests here offered, by thus 
bringing the Arts of Design within your reach, while at the 
same time you may enjoy the privilege of cherishing a class of 
your countrywomen every way entitled to the highest respect 
and regard. 

The School is located at No. 70 Walnut Street. 

THE FINE ARTS. 

Philadelphia has the proud distinction of having among her 
many useful public institutions, four incorporated associations 
devoted to the Fine Arts. 

20 



230 



PHILADELPHIA AS IT IS. 








JOHN NEAGLE, 




X:?0 


m.^ 


in<^ir^ I? jv.]iMr^]E] 


Ma 




No. 


9 Sansom Street, above Seventh. 








J. K. LAMBDIN, 




FOB.TZIAZT FAISTTZSR, 




No. 


248 Chestnut Street, above Ninth, Philadelph 


a. 



SAMUEL SLOAN, 
ARCHITECT, 

(Author of "The Model Architect,") 
Office 146 Walnut Street, PJiiladclpliia. 



J. V. BECK'S 



§46 North Second Street. 



CRAP & McCarthy, 

NO. 96 SOUTH THIED STREET, BELOW WALNUT. 

Professional and Visiting Cards, Music Titles, Seals, Stencils, 
Silver-ware, Jewelry, &c., Neatly Engraved. 



ACADEMY OF THE FINE ARTS. 231 

The Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts, lo- 
cated in Chestnut Street, between Tenth and Eleventh Streets, 
is the oldest and perhaps the most important institution of the 
kind in the United States. 

It was organized in 1807, by joint stock subscription, the 
shares in the corporation being then fixed at fifty dollars each, 
subject to an annual contribution of two dollars, entitling each 
stockholder to free admission at all times, within the hours 
appointed for public exhibition. The shares are now fixed at 
thirty dollars each, which includes a commutation of all 
annual dues. The stockholders become joint owners in the 
property of the Institution, the estimated value of which has 
been recently ascertained to amount to $34,955. 

Among the works of art which belong to the Academy arc 
the following rare and important sculptures. Hero and 
Leander, a group in marble, by Steinhauser. Bacchantes, 
a pair in marble, by Cerrachi. Son of Niobe, in marble, 
from the antique. Commodus, a bust, in marble, from the 
antique. Diana, in marble, by Steinhauser. Antinous, in 
marble, from the antique. Venus de Medici, in marble, by 
Canova. The GtATE of the Baptistery of St. John, at 
Florence, a cast from the original, by Lorenzo Grhiberti ; and 
marble busts of Washington, Franklin, Lafayette, 
Hamilton, Allston, Clay, Napoleon, Biddle, and Sir 
Benjamin West. 

The paintings comprise the most valuable collection in this 
country, among which are the following chef -cV ceuv res. 

Washington, a full length, by Gilbert Stuart; Lafayette, 
a full length, by Thomas Sully ; Jackson, a full length by 
Thomas Sully ) Patrick Ly^on, a full length, by John Neagle, 
Death on the Pale Horse, by Sir Benjamin West ; Dead 
Man Restored, by Washington Allston; and numerous mag- 
nificent pictures by the '' old masters." 



82 PHILADELPHIA AS IT IS. 

WILLIAM H. MAURICE, 

108 CHESTNUT STUEET, PHILADELPHIA, 

(between third axd fourth streets, south side,) 

Offers for sale, at moderate prices, a variety of Imported and 
Domestic Staple and Fancy 

PAPER, STATIONERY, BLANK BOOKS, 

CHECKS, NOTES, DRAFTS, BILLS OF EXCHANGE, 
BILLS OF LADING, AND COMMERCIAL BLANKS. 

COPYING PRESSES AND BOOKS, 

AVarranted to give satisfaction. 

ACCOnZfT BOOKS, 

Of every description, constantly on hand, and made to order. 

^Solh JJens, (!5oib anb Qiber JJencil OTases, 

Brown's, Henry's, Stephens', Benedict's, Deacon's, Eaton's, and of 
other manufacturers. 

STEEL PENS. 
Perry's, Gillott's, Moseley's, &c. 

RODGERS' AND OTHER MAKERS' FINE CUTLERY. 

Orders lor ENGRAVING of all kinds executed promptly. 

a SI s So 

English, French, German, and American, of all colours 
and the best qualities. 

STEPHENS' SUPERIOR INKS, 
Genuine, at Wholesale and Retail. 

Neatly executed, from Steel or Copper Plates, and in Lithography, 
Xylography, or Letterpress. 

g@- ORDERS RESPECTFULLY SOLICITED. -^^ 



ART UNION — GRAPHIC ASSOCIATION. 233 

The annual exhibitions commence in May. Admission, 
twenty-five cents, or fifty cents for a season ticket. 

The present officers are, Joseph R. Ingersoll, President ; 
Hyman Gratz, Treasurer; John T. Lewis, Secretary, and 
Eliza Suss, Janitress. 

The Art Union op Philadelphia, located in Chestnut 
Street between Eighth and Ninth Streets, is an institution 
of considerable importance, affording, as it does by its free 
gallery, a place of public resort for strangers, and citizens, at 
all seasons. 

The plan upon which it is managed differs entirely from all 
other Art Unions in the United States. The yearly payment 
of five dollars entitles each subscriber to membership, which 
includes the right of voting, the ownership of the annual en- 
gravings, and a chance in the allotment of prize certificates, 
with which works of American Art may be purchased in any 
part of the country. The distribution of the prizes takes 
place annually on the evening of the last week-day of the year. 

The gallery is opened to the free admission of the public 
every day, Sundays excepted, and is brilliantly illuminated in 
the evenings. The use of this gallery is made free to all 
Artists for the exhibition and sale of their productions. 

Although the gallery is capable of containing more than 
one hundred and fifty paintings at one time, it is yet estimated 
to exhibit over one thousand different original pictures in the 
course of every year — the wall being re-hung once in every 
month. 

The present officers are, Henry C. Carey, President ; Ed- 
ward P. Mitchell, Treasurer ; George W. Dewey, Corre- 
sponding Secretary ; Edward F. Dennison, Actuary. 

The Graphic Association of Philadelphia, is an in- 
corporated company of artists, associated for the purpose of 
studying from Nature, and from Life. They meet every Sa- 

20* 



234 



P H I L A D E L r H T A A S f T I S. 




W. P. & G. W. HACKER, 

IM POUTERS AJsD WUOLESALE DEALERS IN 

CHINA, GLASS, QUEENS WARE, 



AND 



NO. 60 NORTH SECOND STREET, PHILADELPHIA. 

Quccnsware and Glass, in the Original Package, or repacked to order. 



THE PRESS. 285 

turdaj afternoon, in the summer season at the houses or stu- 
dios of each member, in rotation, and devote the afternoon to 
sketching at some spot in the vicinity of the city, which is 
designated by the member whose day it may be. In the 
winter season, they meet on Saturday evenings, and make 
drawings from subjects selected by the members in the same 
manner as before described. 

The present officers are, Samuel B. AVaugh, President; 
Isaac H. Moore, Secretary; A. "Woodside, Treasurer. 

The Artists' Fund Society of Philadelphia. — This 
association is composed of all the artists resident in this city. 
Its object is the accumulation and establishment of a perma- 
nent fund for the support of a Life School, Antique Class, 
and other adjuncts necessary to the cultivation and improve- 
ment of a proper knowledge of the whole range of the Fine 
Arts. 

The present officers are S. B. Waugh, President; Wm. 
E. Winner, Vice-President; John Sartain, Corresponding 
Secretary ; Samuel Sartain, Recording Secretary ; Gr. W. 
Conarroe, Treasurer. 

the press. 

The achievements of the last fifty years have been such that 
no local or temporary interest can satisfy the mind ; every- 
thing is conducted on a grand scale. The extension of educa- 
tion, the progress of science, the facilities of communication 
and intercourse between nations, and, above all, the freedom 
of the Press, and its consequent wide and rapid circulation of 
news, have served to produce this extent of thought and pur- 
pose. In the United States the Press is supremely important. 
The affairs of the republic are debated, not only in Congress, 
but in the journals of the day ; thus enabling the far-oif dweller 



236 PHILADELPHIA AS IT IS. 



GASKILL, COPPER & FRY, 



ENGRAVERS OF 



BOOKBINDERS' TOOLS 



AND 



NO. 18 MINOR STREET, 

Pljilabelpljia. 



orrzcE SEAiiS, 

BANKERS' AND MERCHANTS' ENDORSING STAMPS, 

HEADS FOR NEWSPAPERS, 

And every variety of Ornaments Engraved in Brass. 

EMBOSSING, STANDING, CUTTING, AND SEWING PRESSES, 

LAYING PRESSES AND PLOUGHS, 

AND ALL OTHER ARTICLES FOR BOOKBINDERS' USE, 

At Manufacturers' Prices. 



THE PRESS. 237 

on the shores of the Pacific to canvass the affairs of his govern- 
ment equally as well as the citizen in Washington. The Church, 
in the olden time, furnished the man of talent with the means 
of procuring power and influence ; but for the man of talent 
and tact now, the arena of the Press may well be an ample one, 
where influences the most mighty can be obtained over the 
heads and hearts of millions. Can ambition seek for more ? 

In no part of the country, indeed we may say in the world, 
does the Press maintain a higher tone, or is more characterized 
by originality, courtesy, and propriety, than in Philadelphia : 
controlled as it is, for the most part, by men of high social 
position, its columns are rarely stained by those '^exhibitions" 
which, in some other cities, so often outrage the public sense. 
In our political papers, influenced by party interest and party 
spirit, the decorum of personal intercourse is invariably ob- 
served, and it is seldom, indeed, that the editor forgets in his 
writings the respect due to the profession, and that he too is a 
gentleman. 

The activity and power of the newspaper press of the United 
States date their origin from the Revolutionary War. Pre- 
vious to that great event, they were few in number, and barren 
of that interest, vigour, and originality, so important a feature 
in those of the present day. The Home Government and the 
United Colonies, having determined to settle their dispute by 
arms, both appealed to the people. Each, no doubt, had their 
partisans ; but there were many independent or indifi"erent per- 
sons, whose support was valuable. Then it was that the Press 
entered into the strife, and assumed that direction of public 
opinion, which has continued ever since, and forms so remark- 
able a feature in modern political history. 

The first public journal published in Philadelphia was '' The 
American Weekly Mercury," established in 1719, by Andrew 
Bradford. It was printed on a half sheet quarto paper. A 



238 PHILADELPHIA AS IT IS. 

JOHN FAGAN, 

No. 19 St. James Street, 

(Between Market and Arch, and Sixth and Seventh,) 

GEORGE L. BROOM & CO., 
No. 13 Bread Street, 

(ru.vning from arch to race, between second and third streets.) 

i^iniatitre, |)ortrait, anb JJastil or QTragon Qlrtist, 

No. 106 Chestnut Street* 
DAVID SAMUEL & SON, 

IMPORTERS OF 

FURS AND HATTERS' GOODS, 

No. 5 North Third Street. 
A. QUINT IN, 

UPHOLSTERY AND CABINET-MAKING, 

NO. 292 CHESTNUT STREET, 
(Opposite Academy of the Fine Arts.) 

SH RIVER & M'LEAN, 

FLOUR, PRODUCE, 

AND 

COMMISSION MERCHANTS, 

NO. 34 SOUTH WATER STREET, 
^ 1) f I a Ti e I p Ij f a. 

SAMUEL S. SHRIYER. GEORGE W. m'lEAN. 



THE PRESS. 239 

number, the only one we believe extant, is preserved in the 
Philadelphia Library. In 1723, Samuel Keimer, rendered 
famous by the wit and sarcasm of Benjamin Franklin, estab- 
lished the second paper. It was entitled ^' The Pennsylvania 
Gazette, and Universal Instructor in all the Arts and Sciences." 
This paper subsequently fell into the hands of Benjamin 
Franklin, under whose management it rapidly rose in public 
favour. It continued for a long series of years one of the 
principal papers of the day. The first daily newspaper pub- 
lished in the United States, was '' The Pennsylvania Packet, 
or General Advertiser." It was first issued weekly in 1771, 
and became, in 1784, a daily paper. The Packet eventually 
passed into the hands of Mr. Zachariah Poulson, by whom it 
was continued under the name of " The American Daily Ad- 
vertiser." In 1840, it merged into the present North Ame- 
rican. 

The following list will be found to comprise all the news- 
papers and periodicals published at present in this city. 

Daily Morning. — North American and United States 
Gazette ; Pennsylvania Inquirer ; Pennsylvanian ; Public 
Ledger; The Daily Sun; The Daily News; Pennsylvania 
Statesman; Daily Commercial Register; Philadelphia Demo- 
crat (German); Illustrated News (German); Free Press 
(German). 

Daily Evening. — Evening Bulletin ; Evening Argus. 
Weekly. — Saturday Evening Post; American Courier; 
Fitzgerald's City Item; Saturday Gazette; Arthur's Home 
Gazette; Drawing-Room Journal ; Dollar Newspaper; Scott's 
Weekly Paper ; Philadelphia Herald ; Banner of the Union ; 
Weekly North American; Weekly Pennsylvanian; Weekly 
Bulletin; Dollar Weekly News; Commercial List; Bicknell's 
Reporter; Legal Intelligencer; Philadelphia Democrat; Ame- 
rican Mechanics' Advocate ; New Era ; Southwark Herald ; 



240 



PHILADELPHIA AS IT IS. 




The Subscribers, having removed to 

No. 147 North Third Street, East Side, 

Immediately opposite their former place of business, intend keeping 
a large and well-assorted stock of 

AMERICAN AND IMPORTED DRY GOODS, 

To which they invite the attention of their friends, and buyers generally. 

JAMES, KENT, SANTEE & Co. 



THE PRESS. 241 

Spring Garden Business Directory ; Northern Liberties Direc- 
tory ; The Satirist ; West Philadelphian ; Masonic Mirror. 

Religious. — Episcopal Recorder -, Banner of the Cross ; 
Christian Observer ; Christian Chronicle ; Presbyterian ; Phila- 
delphia Repository ; Catholic Herald ; Pennsylvania Freeman j 
The Friend; Friends' Review; Sunday-School Journal ; Sun- 
day-School Visitor; Youths' Penny Grazette; The Presbyterian 
Sabbath School Visiter. 

Sunday Morning Papers. — Sunday Dispatch; Sunday 
Mercury ; Sunday Grlobe ; Sunday Ledger. 

Monthly. — The Magazines of Philadelphia have long re- 
tained a character honourable alike to their editors, publishers, 
and to the city. The contributions to these periodicals have 
always been of a superior character. 

The first established of these valuable monthlies is 

Godey's Magazine. — The January number, for this year, 
is a capital one. The enterprising publisher is determined not 
to be surpassed either in the quantity or quality of its literary 
matter and embellishments. 

Graham's Magazine also commences the year 1852 richly 
freighted with choice articles from well-known writers in this 
country. The execution of the illustrations cannot be excelled, 

Sartain's Magazine is likewise a valuable periodical. 
Though comparatively a new publication, it already receives a 
liberal support. We know of none that more deserves it. 

Peterson's Magazine has commenced the year 1852 in a 
commendable spirit. Its pages are always filled with a choice 
stock of reading. 

Journal of the Franklin Institute. This is a truly 
valuable work, devoted to the Mechanical and Physical Sciences, 
Civil Engineering, the Arts and Manufactures, and the Re- 
cords of American and Foreign Patented Inventions. No 
mechanic ought to be without the Journal. 

21 



242 PHILADELPHIA AS IT IS. 

EPICUREANS' RETREAT. 

SIMPSON'S SALOONS, NO. 123 QUEEN STREET, BELOW THIRD, 

Superior Oysters in every style, Ice Cream, and Water Ices. 

WM. S. SIMPSON, 

Proprietor. 
RICHARDS, 

SUCCESSOR TO M. P. SIMONS, 
NO. 179 CHESTNUT STREET, 

(Opposite the State House,) 
P irl [L ^ [5) g iL [F^ Sni 1] ^c. 

KLEMM & BROTHER, ' 

JttitiOiiCfil Kni^tniiuent Kmijortec^, 

No. 275 Market Street, 

(Above Seventh, north side,) 
Invite the attention of the trade to their assortment of Musical In- 
struments, Strings, Music, &c., and every article in their line. 

L. N. ROSENTHAL, 
CHROMOGRAPHIC AND ZINCOGRAPHIC 

ESTABLISHMENT, 

S. !'\ Corner of Third and Dock Streets, 

(Fourth Story Exchange CofTeo House,) 

pijilabeipljia. 

Portraits from Life and Landscapes from Nature ; Anatomical and 
Architectural Drawings, and Views of Hotels and Stores ; Music 
Titles, Maps, Plans, and Circulars ; Fac Similes, Bill Heads, Title 
Pages, Certificates, Drafts, Checks, and all kinds of Commercial 
Blanks ; Manufacturers' Labels designed, executed, and printed in 
the latest European style; also Transferring from Copper, Steel, 
and Wood Engravings, &c., &c. 



THE PRESS. 243 

The Odd-Fellows' Magazine. — This periodical is devoted 
to the interests of the Order whose name it hears. 

The Home and Foreign Record of the Presbyterian 
Church in the United States of America; being the organ 
of the Boards of Missions, Education, Foreign Missions, and 
Publication. This valuable work is issued monthly, in quarto 
form, at fifty cents, and in super-royal octavo form at one 
dollar per annum. Ofiico, 265 Chestnut Street. 

The Presbyterian Magazine is another religious pub- 
lication, designed especially for the instruction and edification 
of the families of the Presbyterian Church. Published at 265 
Chestnut Street. 

The Banner of the Covenant. — Conducted by the Sec- 
retaries of the Board of Missions of the Reformed Presbyterian 
Church in Philadelphia. Office, No. 14 Strawberry Street, or 
13 Bank Street. 

The Mother's Journal. — Published by the Board of 
Publication of the Baptist Church, Arch Street. 

Examiner and Record of Medical Science. — Published 
by Lindsay and Blakiston. The value of this periodical is 
well known and duly appreciated by the medical profession of 
the United States, by their liberal patronage. Each number 
contains 84 pages of printed matter, with occasional illus- 
trations. 

The Medical News and Library. — Published by Blan- 
chard & Lea, at the low rate of one dollar a year. 

Quarterlies. — The American Journal of the Medical 
Sciences. — Each number of this popular medical periodical 
contains about two hundred and eighty large octavo pages, 
richly illustrated with engravings. 

The American Journal of Dental Sciences. — Edited 
by Chapin A. Harris, M.D., D. D. S., and Alfred A. Blandy, 
M.D., D. D. S., and published by Lindsay & Blakiston. The 



244 PHILADELPHIA AS IT IS. 

CUMMINGS' EVENING BULLETIN. 

A DAILY PAPER. 

INDEPENDENT ON ALL SUBJECTS. 

Published every Afternoon, at 46 South Third Street. 

The Bulletin contains all the news received by the Mails from all 
parts of the Union ; together with 

THE NEWS BY TELEGRAPH 

up to the moment of going to press every afternoon. 

THE EDITORIAL DEPARTMENT 

treats with independence and fairness all the leading topics of the day. 

THE LOCAL NEWS, 

including reports of Court proceedings, meetings, lectures, &c., is in 
the hands of competent reporters. 

THE FOREIGN NEWS DEPARTMENT 

is carefully attended to. A large supply of European papers by every 
steamer enables us to furnish all the news of the Old World, and by 
the services of 

ABLE FOREIGN CORRESPONDENTS 

the readers are advised of all that is going on in Paris and the other 
capitals. 

TALES, POETRY, AND OTHER SELECTIONS, 

from the best European and American sources, are furnished in every 
number, and in all respects no efforts are spared to make it a first- 
rate Family Paper. 

The Bulletin has a large and increasing circulation among the 
most respectable classes in Philadelphia and its vicinity, audits value 
as 

an advertising medium 
has long been discovered and acknowledged by those who have tried it. 

T E Pv M S. 

The Bulletin is served, at any place in the city and districts, for 
twelve oents a week, payable to the carrier, or for six dollars a 
year, in advance, payable at the office. 

THE SEMI- WEEKLY BULLETIN. 

Intended for country circulation, and containing all the reading matter 
of the daily, is furnished to subscribers at $3 a year : two copies for 
$5, and four copies for §8, invariably in advance. 

editor and proprietor, 
46 Sontti Tliird Street, Philadelphia^ 



THE PRESS. 245 

Journal contains original communications from the most emi- 
nent Dentists, relating directly or indirectly to the Dental 
branch of medicine. This publication is of great value to the 
dentist who desires to keep pace with the progress of the art. 

The American Journal of Pharmacy; devoted to 
Pharmaceutic Research, &c. ', intended for the benefit of the 
Apothecary. Each number contains about ninety-six pages, 
octavo. It is published by the Philadelphia College of Phar- 
macy. This work cannot be too highly recommended to the 
profession. 

Transactions of the College of Physicians of 
Philadelphia. — Published by Lippincott, Grambo & Co. 
This is an able work, devoted to the medical sciences ; at once 
valuable to the student as well as the practitioner. It has 
long enjoyed a wide-spread reputation among the standard 
scientific journals of the day. 

The Biblical Repertory and Princeton Review. — 
This is a religious periodical of the very highest character, 
devoted to all subjects connected with ecclesiastical and general 
history, philosophy, literature, and morals. Each number 
contains 175 pages, making a yearly volume of 700 pages. It 
is furnished to subscribers at the low rate of three dollars per 
annum. Office, 265 Chestnut Street. 

The Protestant Quarterly Review. — Published by 
Collins & Sherrerd. Jos. M. Wilson, 228 Chestnut Street, is 
the principal agent for this Review. 

Semi- Annual. — Ranking' s Half- Yearly Abstract of 
THE Medical Sciences. — Published by Lindsay & Blakis- 
ton. The object of this periodical is to give the physician who 
has not within his reach, or who cannot find time to keep pace 
with the progress of the ever-teeming medical press, a com- 
plete digest of medical literature ; or a work which will pre- 
sent to him, in a condensed form, the most valuable and 

21* 



246 



PHILADELPHIA AS IT IS. 




PHILADELPHIA 



TYPE I STEREOTYPE FO 



IDRY. 



ebel^y jjlrileie eoi]i]ecieD toiii] n ?Hi]iij]g Office. Ihell' i)S3ort- 

h]ei]t of JOB AND ORNAMENTAL LETTER Is 11]^ iqlrCje^i li) il]Ls 

coi(i]f^ij, ^ot^ ii)ei) Mbe lrecei]iiij got i(p i) coh)j)ieie geHeg, fl'oh] 
2ii|h]0i]5 io Q^ei)t ¥Hh]e^ of ii]e ceiebl^^teD scotch faces, 
bi]lei] foi^ beqiny j)1]5 ^i|lrq5iiifi) i)l^e i|i]Hbi)iiec^. 

JHi]iii70 $^es3e3, of ebei^ij DescHpiioi], ?Hi]tii]cj Ji]li, £Jn$e$, 
Sco., of ii]e 5e3i c]i\^\lii^. 

§fei^eofijj)ii]0 ^o^ gleeibiypiog p^oh}j)iiij execifteD. 

L. JOHNSON & CO. 



3Iarch, 1852. 



No. 6 Sansom St. 



THE PRESS. 247 

practical results arrived at by the learned of the profession. 
To such, this publication must prove peculiarly acceptable, 
inasmuch as it places them in possession of the knowledge of 
the day, while it saves them both time and money, and enables 
them to see at a glance, what works are worthy of perusal or 
purchase. 

The Home, the School, and the Church; or, The 
Presbyterian Education Repository. This is a sterling 
work, and one^which would reflect credit on any age or country. 
It is divided into three harmonious departments, the first being 
devoted to the advantages, the responsibilities, encouragements, 
obligations, and principles of home culture. The second in- 
cludes all that belongs to Christian education in schools, 
academies, colleges, and theological seminaries. The last de- 
partment is devoted to the interests of the Church. 

In addition to the above, there are the Transactions of 
THE American Philosophical Society, and The Transac- 
tions OF THE Academy of Natural Sciences, both of 
world-wide reputation. 



248 PHILADELPHIA AS IT IS. 



GENTLEMEN'S FURNISHING STORE, 

No. 173 Clicstnut Street, above Seventh, 

PHILADELPHIA. 







S. H E Y W O D, 




MANUFACTURER 


AND WHOLESALE AND RETAIL ! 


DEALER IN 


SHIRTS, 


C O Ii ILi A R S, 


iVETD 


STOCKS, 


And Importer 


of Gentlemen's 


Furnishing Goods, 




No* 


135 Chestnut 


Street. 





MOORE, HENSZEY & CO., 

IMPORTERS OF 

No. 139 Market Street, 

(between THIRD AND FOURTH,) 

3.9f)ilatielpl)fa. 

SPRING GARDEN TUBE WORKS. 

S. GRIFFITHS, 

MANUFACTURER OF 

WROUGHT IRON TUBES & FITTINGS, 

FOR GAS, STEAM, ETC. 

FACTORY 

In Vine Street, between Schuylkill Second and Third, 

(north side), 
A CONSTANT SUPPLY ALWAYS ON HAND AT 

No. 15 North Dela-ware Seventh Street, 
I. PH I L B I N, 

No. 9 South Seventh Street, below Market. 
WATER CLOSETS, HOT, COLD, AND SHOWER BATHS, 

BOILERS, LIFT AND FORCE PUMPS, 

AND EVERY DESCRIPTION OF 

FIiXTMBERS' M AT E RI AZi S 

Always on hand, and on the most reasonable terms. 

ORDERS FROM THE COUNTRY PROMPTLY ATTENDED TO. °=@|[ 



BENEVOLENT INSTITUTIONS. 219 



CHAPTER VII. 

BENEVOLENT INSTITUTIONS. 

" Where the heart pineth in sorrow and sadness ; 
Where the brain rioteth free in its madness ; 
Where Reason's lamp burneth, shrouded, yet bright,— 
Oh! on such miseries ' Let there be light !' " 

The Charitable Institutions of Philadelphia, proud mo- 
numents of benevolence, rear their heads in all parts of the cit3^ 
They are not excelled, perhaps not equalled, by those of any 
other city, of the same extent, in the world. In this particu- 
lar, Philadelphia has admirably illustrated its name, — '' Bro- 
therly Love.'' First among these praiseworthy associations 

stands — 

The Pennsylvania Hospital. — In the year 1751, a num- 
ber of the benevolent citizens of Philadelphia were incorporated 
by an Act of the Provincial Assembly, as ''The Contributors 
to the Pennsylvania Hospital." The charter was general in 
its character, and provided for '' the relief of the sick, and the 
reception and cure of lunatics." From the first opening of the 
Institution, the Insane Department has always constituted a 
prominent part of this noble charity, and has claimed a large 
share of the attention of its distinguished medical officers and 
managers. 

This benevolent enterprise mainly relies for its support, and 
for the means of extending its usefulness, on private contribu- 
tions and legacies. From the judicious management of these 
resources, has arisen those substantial and convenient buildings, 
on Pine Street, which are now used only for medical, surgical. 



250 



Pill LADE LP II I A AS IT IS. 




THE PENNSYLVANIA HOSPITAL. 



and obstetric patients, and those more recently erected, two 
miles from the city, on the Haverford Road, known as the 
Pennsylvania Hospital for the Insane. 

The square on which the first-named Institution stands, is 
bounded by Spruce and Pine, and Eighth and Ninth Streets. 
The entire lot is enclosed by a brick wall, with the exception 
of about one hundred and fifty feet on Pine Street, which is 
furnished with an iron railing. About seven-eighths of the 
square was purchased in 1755, by the managers, for £500; 
the remaining portion was presented to the Institution, by 
Thomas and Richard Penn, in 1762. 

The Hospital, surrounded on the borders of the square by 
majestic trees, exhibits a south front of venerable aspect, and 
considerable architectural beauty, extending east and west two 
hundred and eighty-one feet. It consists of a centre building, 



THE PENNSYLVANIA HOSPITAL. 251 

united by two long wards, three stories in height, to two wings, 
extending north and south. These wings are surmounted by 
cupolas, and finished so as to present fronts on Eighth and 
Ninth Streets. The centre building is sixty-four feet front, by 
sixty-one in depth, and, to the top of the balustrade surround- 
ing the cupola, seventy-two in height. 

That portion of the Hospital first erected, was the east 
wing, the corner-stone of which was laid May 28th, 1755, by 
John Key, the first European born in Philadelphia. It was 
finished and opened for the reception of patients, the following 
year. The west wing was erected in 1796, and the centre in 
1805. 

In addition to the main edifice, there are various outhouses, 
together with a building on Spruce Street, erected for the ex- 
hibition of West's celebrated painting of " Christ Healing the 
Sick.'' The net proceeds from the exhibition of this picture, 
from 1818 until 1848, when it was removed to the Academy 
of Fine Arts, where it still remains, was nearly $24,000. 

A well-executed statue of William Penn, presented by his 
grandson, John Penn, Esq., stands in the beautiful lawn 
facing Pine Street. (See page 252.) 

The attention paid to neatness and ornament in the exterior 
and grounds of this Institution, gives it an air of elegance 
seldom equalled in establishments of the kind. 

Previous to the year 1841, a large portion of the building 
was appropriated to the accommodation of the insane; but 
since the transfer of this class of patients to the new hospital, 
the building has been, in a great measure, remodelled, and tho- 
roughly repaired ; giving, in consequence, an enlarged accom- 
modation for the ordinary medical and surgical patients. 

The whole revenue of this noble charity is devoted, directly 
or indirectly, to the support of the sick poor. All accidents, 
if brought to the door within twenty-four hours after their oc- 



252 



PHILADELPHIA AS IT IS. 




STATUE OF WILLIAM PEXN. 



currence, are admitted without a question, provided they have 
not occurred out of the State of Penns^dvania. All cases of 
chronic or acute disease are admitted, — if it appears that they 
are at all susceptible of relief, — as far as the accommodation 
of the house will allow. The reader must remember that it is 
not an asylum for the support of the destitute, but an hospital 
for their cure when sick ; consequently, those beyond the reach 
of treatment are not admitted. A limited number of pay pa- 
tients are received, which is but an extension of its charity ; 
for, whatever profits are derived from this source, go to in- 
crease the ability of the Institution to relieve the poor. 

This Hospital has always dispensed its blessings with a gene- 
rous hand. At present, to the one hundred and twenty, al- 



HOSPITAL FOR THE INSANE. 253 

ready ojccupied, it has space provided for one Iiundred and fifty 
additional charity beds. 

Among the beneficial operations of this Institution, are the 
medical lectures delivered there, to over three hundred medi- 
cal students, who annually attend upon the practice of the 
house; thus enjoying opportunities for improvement, the bene- 
fits of which, to themselves and the communities among whom 
they may practise, are quite incalculable. It is well admitted 
that the young practitioner who has sought instruction by the 
bedside, in institutions of this kind, is far better qualified for 
the duties of his profession, than if he enjoyed no such advan- 
tage. For every patient cured or well treated in an hospital, 
hundreds scattered through wide regions of town and country 
may experience similar benefits. In concluding our notice, 
we will state, that since 1841, there have been 13,829 patients 
received into this establishment, of whom 9,800 were poor. 
The average population of the house at present, is about one 
hundred and fifty-eight, — one hundred and twenty of whom 
are poor. 

Visiters are admitted, from 10 o'clock to sunset, every day. 
except Sunday ; and the afternoon of Saturday, only on special 
business. 

Pennsylvania Hospital for the Insane. — -The corner- 
stone of this building was laid on the 22d of June, 1832 ; 
it was opened for the reception of patients on the 1st of 
January, 1841. It is located on a fine farm, of 111 acres, 
between the Westchester and Haverford Roads, on the latter 
of which is the gate of entrance. The principal building and 
the main wings present an eastern front of four hundred and 
thirty-six feet, and consist of a basement and two principal 
stories. 

The centre building is ninety-six feet deep, sixty-three feet 
wide, east of its junctions with the wings, and sixty-seven on 

22 



254 PHILADELPHIA AS IT IS. 

its western side. The former, which is the principal front, is 
built of cut stone, and ornamented with a chaste and elegant 
Doric portico ; the west side has also a portico, of smaller di- 
mensions, and like the rest of the Hospital is of stone, stuc- 
coed to resemble the principal front. The interior arrange- 
ments are unsurpassed for convenience and perfect adaptation 
to the purpose designed. 

Running north and south from the centre buildings, are the 
main wings. The north is occupied by the male, and the 
south by the female patients ; they do not differ materially in 
their structure or arrangements. 

The principal edifice is surmounted by a dome, in which are 
placed iron tanks, from whence water is conveyed to every part 
of the building. The summit of the dome is eighty-five feet 
above the level of the basement, and from it the view is one 
of great beauty, embracing a large extent of country. In 
the distance are seen the Delaware and Schuylkill Hivers, 
the city of Philadelphia, the Grirard College, &c. 

A short distance north and south of the main Hospital, and 
nearly on a line with its eastern front, are the '^ Lodges,'' 
one for each sex : they are also of stone, one story high, and 
built on three sides of a hollow square, the fourth being 
finished with piers and an open iron railing, giving free access 
to the air, and affording a handsome view of the surrounding 
country. These Lodges, are constructed especially for the 
accommodation of noisy and violent patients, and have proved 
an admirable part of the Hospital. Every year's experience 
confirms their great value. 

In each of these buildings, three distinct classes of patients 
can be accommodated ; and from their position and structure, 
the noisiest lunatics cause no annoyance to the inmates of 
the main Hospital, while their accommodations are not less 
comfortable. 



friends' asylum for the insane. 2od 

The workshop is a handsome frame building, two stories 
high, situated near the gateway. 

Of the one hundred and • eleven acres in the farm, about 
forty-one around the Hospital are appropriated as a garden and 
pleasure-ground, and enclosed by a substantial wall. Immedi- 
ately in front of the building is a beautiful lawn, forming a 
segment of a circle, in which is a circular railroad, together 
with extensive flower-beds. The pleasure-ground is beauti- 
fully undulating, and interspersed with clumps and groves of 
forest trees; these are fitted up with seats and summer-houses, 
and are the favourite resort of the patients during the summer. 

The medical treatment of patients in this Institution is of 
the most judicious kind. Here, reason, perchance disturbed 
by the cares of life, or the hand of affliction, is not rudely 
hurled for ever from its throne, by the horrors of a madhouse, 
but is soothed and restored to health by kindness and by love. 
The mind is not allowed to brood over the past in a gloomy 
cell, but is kept in constant exercise, by labour or amusement 
in the garden, on the farm, or in mechanical employments ; — 
riding in the circular railwa}^, ten-pins; carriage riding, or long 
walks ; the use of musical instruments ; attendance at parties, 
lectures, concerts ; all the usual varieties of games, and the 
use of a library and choice collection, of papers and periodicals. 
To this and kindred Institutions, — for there are many of them 
now in our land, — we say God speed ! They are like green 
spots of verdure amid the desert, where the mind impaired in 
its journey, can find peace and repose. Philadelphians may 
well be proud of this noble charity. 

Friends' Asylum for the Insane, near Frankford. — 
This Institution was founded in the year 1815, by contribu- 
tions from the members of the Society of Friends, and is now 
supported by the pay received from patients, donations, and 
contributions. The buildings are well adapted for the purposes 



256 PHILADELPHIA AS IT IS. 

designed, and the administration of the Institution combines 
all that humanity and prudence can produce, to cure or relieve 
the unfortunate objects of its care. 

The United States Naval Asylum. — This noble charity 
was founded in the year 1835, as a Naval School and an Hos- 
pital for Pensioners, but is now used for the latter purpose 
only. It is situated on the banks of the River Schuylkill, a 
short distance below the city, fronting on the Gray's Ferry 
Road. The site is one of the most beautiful in the vicinity 
of Philadelphia, being the highest point of land on the river 
below Fairmount. 

The Asylum consists of three structures, separated from 
each other, yet forming one entire and beautiful plan, — the 
main building, and the residences of the Commodore and Sur- 
geon. 

The main or principal edifice is three stories in height, built 
of Pennsylvania marble, and presents a front of 380 feet, in- 
cluding a centre building of 142 feet by 175 deep; it is em- 
bellished with a beautiful portico of eight columns of the 
Ionic order. The wings contain verandas on each story. 

On the platform are two field pieces, captured at the Battle 
of Saratoga ; and two large marble balls, which were brought by 
the late Commodore El^tot from the Hellespont. The balls 
are said to have been fired fro* ae - 4ebrated Turkish mortar, 
the largest piece of ordnance ir vhe world. 

The basement, or first stoiy, of the centre building, is divi- 
ded into a spacious dining-room, the various culinary depart- 
ments, pantry, and washing and ironing rooms. The wings 
of this story are divided into dormitories, &c. 

The second story contains the Dispensary, and the Officers', 
Surgeon's, and Apothecaries' apartments; also a beautiful 
chapel, fifty-six feet square, lighted from a dome. The wings 
of this story are fitted up into chambers, for the accommoda- 



UNITED STATES NAVAL ASYLUM. 257 

tion of the Pensioners, each being neatly furnished with a bed, 
table, chairs, &c. These rooms are well ventilated ; they open 
directly on the verandas, and are kept remarkably clean. 
The third story contains sleeping apartments, the Infirmary, 
baths, closets, &c. 

The whole building is heated from furnaces in the basement, 
and plenteously supplied with water from Fairmount. 

The Asylum contains about 140 Pensioners at the present 
time, — among whom is Thomas Johnson, the only survivor 
of the daring crew of the Bon Homme Richard. He was one of 
the two men who assisted Paul Jones to lash his vessel to 
the British Frigate Serapis, in that memorable engagement in 
the British Channel.* Each pensioner has an allowance of 
thirty-six dollars a year for clothing, and one dollar a month 
pocket-money, together with one pound and a half of tobacco. 
They are not restricted in diet, — each man having as much as 
he requires. The bill of fare, as shown to us, is equal to that 
of any hotel in the city. 

The buildings are surrounded by a beautiful park, containing 
about twenty-five acres, enclosed in front by an elegant iron 
railing ; it is laid out into walks, flower-beds, and grass-plats, 
and planted with trees, and shrubbery. That portion facing 
the river, affords some fine views, embracing the Schuylkill 
and its shipping, together with the Almshouse, Woodland 
Cemetery, Hamilton Village, &c., on the opposite shore. 

This Institution will compare favourably with any other of 
the kind in the world : it is worthy of the country. Long may 
it continue the happy home of the brave, who have perilled 
their lives, or impaired their health, in the service of their 
native land. 



* Since writing the above notice, this old hero has gone to his long home. lie was 
supposed to have been over one hundred years of age. 



258 



nilLADELPIIIA AS IT IS. 




INSTITUTION FOR THE DEAF AND DUMB. 

Pennsylvania Institution for the Education of the 
Deaf and Dumb. — This benevolent Institution is situated at 
the corner of Broad and Pine Streets. It was founded in the 
year 1820, incorporated in 1821, and removed to the present 
building in 1825 ; the original cost of which was eighty thou- 
sand dollars. 

This charity is supported by donations and the contributions 
of annual subscribers and life members. By the act of incor- 
poration, the State of Pennsylvania, allowed 160 dollars apiece, 
annually, for the support of indigent pupils of this State, the 
number of whom was not to exceed fifty, and the term of each 
not to extend over three years. This number has since been 
increased, and the term extended, by several enactments. 
The number under the present appropriation is 92, and the 
term allowed is six years. 



INSTITUTION FOR THE BLIND. 259 

The Institution at present contains 134 pupils, 92 of whom 
are supported by Pennsylvania, 18 by Maryland, 13 by New 
Jersey, 3 by Delaware, and 13 by the Institution. The sys- 
tem of education adopted in this establishment is that of the 
Abbe de I'Epee and Sicard, which has been so successfully 
practised in Europe. 

The edifice was erected from designs by Haviland, and is 
constructed of granite. It is composed of a centre building, 
50 feet front by 63 in depth. The whole front, including the 
wings, is 96 feet, and it extends back 235 feet. The fagade 
is ornamented by a chaste and beautiful portico, in the Doric 
style of architecture. There are two spacious yards, and an 
enclosed plat laid out as a flower-garden, furnishing ample 
space for exercise for the pupils. The interior arrangements 
are of the most ample kind, comprising eleven school-rooms, a 
lecture-room, cabinet of models, apparatus, and specimens, 
airy sleeping-rooms, an infirmary, workshops, and apartments 
for culinary purposes, &c. To cultivate the understanding, to 
invigorate the constitution, and to train up the child in the 
way he should go, are the leading objects of this Institution, 
and the best efi"orts of the Ofiicers and Directors have been 
aimed to accomplish this great end. By a rule of the Institu- 
tion, deaf and dumb children are not admitted under ten years 
of age. Any respectable stranger is admitted to inspect the 
building on application to the Principal of the Institution, A. B. 
Hutton, A.M. 

The Pennsylvania Institution for the Instruction 
OF THE Blind. — This noble charity is situated in Race Street, 
between Schuylkill Second and Third Streets, and was founded 
in the year 1833, through the exertions of the benevolent. 

The buildings of this Asylum have been much improved 
during the last year, by the erection of additional wings, an 
extension of the upper story, and a material addition to the 



260 



PHILADELPHIA AS IT IS. 




INSTITUTION FOR THE BLIND. 



infirmary ; this enlargement had become absolutely necessary 
in view of the increased number of applicants. 

The number of pupils now receiving instruction at the 
Blind Asylum is 93, of whom 45 are supported by the State 
of Pennsylvania, 6 by New Jersey, 5 by Maryland, 1 by Dela- 
ware, 15 by the Institution, 15 by their own industry, and 6 
by their friends. 

The amount of good done by this charity to a deeply 
afflicted class, and to the community, by giving them the 
means of support, and relieving the public from an inevitable 
charge, commends it strongly to public favour. The organi- 
zation of such charities forms a bright era in the history of 
our race j it is really accomplishing the words of the Prophet, 
that " the blind would see, the dumb speak, and the ears of 
the deaf be unstopped. '^ 



BLOCK LEY ALMSHOUSE. 261 

The Institution is open to strangers every day except Sun- 
day, but to citizens it is only open every Wednesday afternoon, 
when an opportunity is given to examine the workshops, &c. 
At 4 o'clock a concert of vocal and instrumental music is given, 
with an exhibition of the apparatus used in the instruction of 
the pupils. Owing to the impossibility of accommodating the 
large crowds that attended these exhibitions when free, a 
small admission fee is now charged. 

The Race Street line of omnibuses pass the premises, and 
the Vine and Arch Street lines within a square of the gate. 

Principal of the Institution, W. Chapin. 

Friends' Almshouse, located in Walnut below Fourth 
Street. This Institution is sustained by the Society of Friends, 
by legacies, &c. There are few inmates at present. The 
front of the lot has been improved by the erection of several 
elegant buildings, occupied as offices, &c. This antique build- 
ing is worthy of a visit. It is occupied at present by the 
keeper's family, new buildings having been erected for the ac- 
commodation of the inmates. 

Blockley Almshouse. — The extensive range of build- 
ings comprising this Almshouse, are situated on the west side 
of the River Schuylkill, opposite the city. They consist of 
four edifices, each 500 feet front, three stories high, including 
the basement, of regular ashlar masonry, so arranged as to 
enclose a rectangular yard. The front facing the city is orna- 
mented by an elegant portico, in the Tuscan order of architec- 
ture, having six columns, five feet in diameter at the base, and 
thirty feet high, giving a grand and imposing appearance to 
the structure. Looking at its exterior, it is really a palace for 
the poor. 

The average number of paupers maintained during the past 
year, was 1813, at an expense of ^97,925 55^ — being at the 
rate of ^1 04 per week each. 



262 PHILADELPHIA AS IT IS. 

The manufactory and house of employment^ during the same 
period, yielded $21,707 21, and the farm $14,857 05. 

The Children's Asylum attached to the Almshouse, contains 
at present about 362 boys and 1498 girls, altogether 1860, 
supported at an expense of $69,525. 

The Insane department contains about 390 of these poor 
unfortunates. 

The Hospital consists of 11 wards, each 47 by 44 feet, and 
two attics ; altogether containing 432 beds. There are at pre- 
sent about 349 patients under care. 

These buildings have every necessary accommodation that 
can reasonably be expected. What city has better ? 

We may here remark, that the cost of supporting the poor 
at the Almshouse and in the City and Districts was $228,977 11, 
during the year 1851. 

MoYAMENSiNG ALMSHOUSE, situated on Irish Track Lane, 
below Fitzwater Street. The principal building is of brick, with 
several out-houses ; attached are a number of acres of ground, 
on which produce is raised for the use of the Institution. 

This public charity is under the control of the District of 
Moyamensing, which, in consideration of taking care of their 
own poor, pays no tax into the general city and county fund 
for that purpose. 

The Wills Hospital, for the Diseases of the Eye and 
Limbs, was founded by the late James Wills of Philadelphia, 
who bequeathed to the city for that purpose, the sum of 
$108,396 ; which at the time of the completion of the build- 
ing, had accumulated to $122,548. The expense of its erec- 
tion, including the cost of the lot, was $57,203, leaving a 
balance of $65,345 ; the interest of which is available for the 
support of the Institution. 

The corner-stone was laid on the 2d of April, 1832, 
and on the 3d of March, 1834, the Hospital was opened for 
the reception of patients. 



VriLLS HOSPITAL 



263 




z^^^^^Ho:mf2)it: 



WILLS HOSPITAL. 



It is a neat stone structure, eighty feet long and fifty feet 
deep, with a piazza on the south side extending through its 
entire length, and is divided into two large wards, and a number 
of smaller and more private rooms, besides those occupied by 
the officers and others connected with the establishment. 

The Hospital is beautifully situated, being immediately 
opposite to Logan Square. The ample grounds appertaining, 
to It, together with the delightful promenade in front, secure 
not only free ventilation, but, to a considerable extent, also, 
the healthful influences of a rural location. In addition to the 
legacy of Mr. Wills, several small bequests have been re- 
ceived from other individuals, among them one by the late 
Dr. Blenon ; and the Institution is moreover allowed by Act 
of Legislature the temporary use of the unemployed income 
from a fund left by John Bleakly, in 1802, for the relief 



264 PHILADELPHIA AS IT IS. 

of the poor during visitations of the yellow fever ; the net 
annual proceeds of which amount at present to $554. 

The greatest number of patients admitted hitherto into the 
Hospital, at any one time, is about forty-five ; but many more 
attend as " out-patients/' for advice and medicine. Since its 
foundation, upwards of two thousand persons have been cured 
or relieved, as inmates of the Institution, and more than twice 
that number have received its benefits in their own homes. 
Most of these cases are such as would have proved incurable 
in private practice, and in numerous instances the sufferers 
have been restored to sight from a state of total blindness. 

Persons applying for gratuitous admission are expected to 
bring satisfactory evidence of respectable character and indi- 
gent circumstances; pay patients are also admitted, and the 
managers are thus enabled to diffuse its advantages more 
widely among the poor than they could otherwise do. Pa- 
tients from distant parts of the country, have sought relief 
there in preference to treatment at their own homes or hotels, 
and will continue to do so in greater numbers, as more ex- 
tended accommodations are provided. 

Such enlargement is very much required ; and it is to be 
regretted that means should be wanting for so beneficent a 
purpose. Founded for the cure of diseases of the Limbs, as 
well as those of the Eye, to which it is at present restricted, 
it might, with adequate endowments, comprehend all recent 
accidents, as well as chronic ailments, affecting the extremities. 
It is a stock, moreover, upon which various branches of healing 
may be engrafted, bearing severally such designation as might 
be given them by their respective founders. Nothing forbids 
the association therewith of a medical department also ; and 
the city would thus be furnished with another general hospital, 
now greatly needed, of convenient access, and unsurpassed in 
beauty and healthfulness of location by any similar Institution 
in the world. 



THE CITY HOSPITAL. 265 

For many years, it has been steadily dispensing to the poor 
the blessings it was Intended to impart. The good which it 
has done, and is still doing, even in the contracted sphere of 
its present operations, is incalculable ; and with the addition 
of two wings, appropriated one to the Orthopedic and the 
other to the Ophthalmic department, it would be an honour 
to the city, and take at once high rank among the charitable 
institutions of the world. 

The Wills Hospital is governed by a Board of eighteen Di- 
rectors, appointed by the City Councils, who confide its profes- 
sional charge to the following gentlemen, the first-named three 
of whom have been connected with the Institution from its 
commencement, J. Hays, M.D., S. Littell, M.D., J. Parrish, 
M.D., J. Neill, M.D. 

The City Hospital at Bush Hill, is situated at the 
southwest corner of Schuylkill Fourth and Coates Street, 
Spring G-arden. The structure is of brick, and consists of a 
centre building, three stories high, connected to two-story 
wings, running east and west. A portico, enclosed with pivot 
blinds, extends on three sides of the east, and the entire 
length of the west wing. In the front on Coates Street, is an 
ample space, enclosed by a wicket fence, handsomely laid out 
in walks, flower-beds, &c. On each end is a garden, and in 
the rear, a yard, outhouses, &c. 

The centre on the floor and level with the entrance is occu- 
pied by a hall, apartments for the difi"erent officers, and a 
spacious stairway leading to the upper stories. The second 
story is divided into four, and the third into five chambers. 
The attic also contains five rooms. The wings, one for male 
and the other for female patients, are each divided into seven 
wards ; all well aired by spacious windows. There is also a 
room for insane patients. 

The apartments and wards of this Hospital are kept remark- 

23 



266 PHILADELPHIA AS IT IS. 

ably clean, and its whole arrangement is under the most 
judicious management. Thus, though seldom occupied by 
patients, it is always in a state of readiness for any emergency. 
This Institution was established by Act of Assembly, January 
7th, 1818, as a Pest Hospital, where all persons may be sent, 
by order of the Board of Health, Sanitary Committee, or 
other persons appointed by the Board of Health, who are 
afflicted with a pestilential or contagious disease. 

The Hospital is under the exclusive control of the Sanitary 
Committee of the Board, which is composed at present of the 
following gentlemen, viz., Dr. John A. Elkinton, Dr. Plea- 
sants, William Groodwin, Esq., Edward C. Markley, Esq., 
Dr. Grardiner, and Thomas J. Herring, Esq. The physician 
of the Hospital is Dr. John J. Bird, and the Matron, Lydia 
Tomlinson. 

An hospital carriage is always in readiness to convey patients 
to the Institution from any part of the city or county.- 

Christ Church Hospital, Cherry Street, between Third 
and Fourth Streets, founded by Dr. J. Kearsley, for the 
relief of indigent females of the Episcopal Church. 

The Saint Joseph's Hospital, Green Hill. This Institu- 
tion is situated on the Grirard Avenue, within a short distance 
of Girard College, and has the advantage of a fine open lot 
around it, which is well ventilated from the absence of con- 
tiguous buildings. It is capable of accommodating sixty 
patients, the males and females being in separate buildings, 
and receives them at the low price of three dollars per week, 
either for surgical or medical treatment. It is administered 
in its nursing by an experienced religious community, the 
Sisters of Saint Joseph. Persons desirous of entering will 
call upon one of the Managers acting as an Hospital. Com- 
mittee, and furnish the requisite security for their accommoda- 



THE PHILADELPHIA DISPENSARY. 267 

tion, upon which they will be admitted. Surgical accidents 
of a severe kind are received at once for a limited time. 

Prescribers of the Institution — Surgeons. — W. E. Horner, 
M.D., Henry H. Smith, M.D., J. H. B. 3rClellan, M.D. 

Physicians.— \\m. Y. Keating, M.D., Alfred Stille, M.D., 
Francis Gr. Smith, M.D. 

Obstetricians.— B. M'Neill, M.D., Thomas A. Keiley, M.D., 
J. Henry Smaltz, M.D. 

THE DISPENSARIES. 

There are four of these valuable institutions in Philadelphia, 
to dispense medicine, and medical advice, to the poor. It has 
been truly and justly observed, that there are many in every 
community, whose situation prevents their entering an Hospi- 
tal, while there are many others whom an honourable pride 
deters from a public exhibition of their wants. To such, esta- 
blishments like those under notice, must prove a real blessing ; 
and it cannot be doubted, nay, we have ample evidence, that 
many valuable lives are saved to the community by their 
operations. 

The Philadelphia Dispensary, South Fifth below Chest- 
nut Street, was the first established in this city, being founded 
in 1786. The Institution is under the control of a Board of 
twelve Managers, elected annually, by the contributors. The 
Managers elect six attending and four consulting physicians and 
surgeons, an Apothecary, and a Treasurer. The physicians and 
surgeons attend in their turn at the Dispensary every day, at 3 
o'clock, p. M. The apothecary resides in the building. All 
cases, whether acute, chronic, surgical, or obstetrical, are 
promptly attended to, when recommended by a contributor or 
by making proper application to the Dispensary ; such as are 
not able to come in person, are attended at their homes ; but 



268 PHILADELPHIA AS IT IS. 

no persons are deemed objects of this charity but such as are 
really necessitous. 

According to the last report of the Institution, there have 
been 7,362 patients under care of the Dispensary during the 
year past, of which number 7,251 recovered, 78 died, and 33 
remain under care. 

The Obstetric department, founded in 1837, has now become, 
under its able management, a perfect system of prompt and 
active usefulness. 

The payment of five dollars entitles the donor to the privi- 
leges of a contributor, and the payment of fifty dollars con- 
stitutes a life membership. 

The Northern Dispensary was established in 1816. It 
is located at No. 1 Spring Garden Street. There is connected 
with this Institution a lyiog-in department, where the poor 
can have the best attendance, with every comfort that can rea- 
sonably be expected ; indeed, we are informed that few in the 
better ranks of society have better attendance than those receive 
who enjoy the blessings of this charity. 

MOYAMENSING DISPENSARY AND HoUSE OF INDUSTRY, 

Catharine Street, above Seventh. This Institution went into 
operation in 1847, since which time it has done an incalculable 
amount of good, in restoring the health and saving the lives 
of thousands of indigent suff"erers. In the district of its loca- 
tion, a county officer was known to receive, previous to its 
establishment, over $600 per month, for burying the dead, 
who were sent to the grave for want of timely medical assist- 
ance ; now, the same officer has rarely a case during the same 
period. Few charitable institutions have stronger claims upon 
the benevolent. 

Preston Retreat, at present used by the Foster Home 
Association. This elegant building, designed as a lying-in 
hospital for indigent married women, was founded by bequest 
of Dr. Jonas Preston. The edifice is one of the most 



PRESTON RETREAT. 



269 




PRESTON RETREAT. 



beautiful in the city. The lot upon which it stands occupies 
an entire square, extending from Schuylkill Second to Third 
Street, and from Hamilton to Spring Grarden Street. 

The funds left for the support of this Institution are ample, 
but in consequence of their not being available, — being in- 
vested in the Schuylkill Navigation Company's stock, — the 
object of the testator has not been carried into effect. In the 
mean time, the managers have allowed the Foster Home Asso- 
ciation to occupy the premises. 

This Society, as its name implies, is instituted to provide a 
home for the children of the poor, and it now feeds, clothes, 
and instructs about 74 little homeless ones. In our visit to 
this Asylum, we were delighted with the order, remarkable 
cleanliness, and decorum, that pervaded the whole establish- 
ment ; and it was pleasing to see the affection evinced by the 

23* 



270 PHILADELPHIA AS IT IS. 

children toward their attendants. Nowhere did we see happier 
or more cheerful faces. We recommend the generous to visit 
the " Home ;'' we know that their charity will not be mis- 
placed. 

House or Industry, Catharine Street between Seventh 
and Eighth Streets. This charity was organized in the 
winter of 1846, through the exertions of Mr. Mullen, who, 
being acquainted with the deplorable condition of the poor in 
the District of Moyamensing, felt prompted to relieve their most 
pressing necessities, as far as his individual means would per- 
mit. In this benevolent mission he soon found the destitute far 
more numerous than he anticipated, and a very large portion 
sunk in the deepest and most hopeless poverty ; consequently, 
he was led to devise other means for their relief. The plan 
of the Institution under notice was the result, which from its 
inception proved successful. Other kindred spirits were soon 
attracted to his aid, thus cheering on the undertaking and 
enabling it, by enlarged means, to extend its blessings. It 
has been ascertained, that by the system of giving employment 
to the poor, the association have been able to keep each indi- 
vidual comfortable, through the most inclement season of the 
year, at the small expense of about one dollar for three 
months over the received value of their labour, or an average 
of a little more than four dollars per annum. But this is not 
the most important view of this subject. It has also done 
much towards the diminution of crime in the District of its 
location. We find that in January, 1845, there were 409 com- 
mitments to the County Prison, of which number 212 were 
from Moyamensing alone; now the proportion from this 
quarter is greatly diminished. The Coroner, in 1846, received 
not less than six hundred dollars per month for burying the 
dead, over whom he held inquests, in this, then called '' In- 



THE widows' asylum. 271 

fected District ;'' now, his receipts for this purpose are much 
reduced. 

In this benevolent enterprise Mr. Mullen has laboured 
without any other remuneration than that which ought to 
animate the followers of Him, who came to preach glad 
tidings, to bind up the broken' heart, and to raise the fallen. 
We dwell upon this eflfort, because it shows what one person 
can accomplish by perseverance and devotion to one object. 
Happy is that man who makes that object the temporal and 
eternal welfare of his fellow-men. We commend the enter- 
prise to our readers as a system that might well be adopted 
in all large cities, not only with benefit to the destitute, but 
with an actual saving to the public in every point of view. 

The present buildings were erected in 1848, the interior 
arrangements of which are well adapted to the benevolent 
object. The lower story consists' of a store, for the sale of 
provisions, &c., to the poor, at cost prices, a room fitted up 
for the Moyamensing Soup Society, an office for the Moya- 
mensing Dispensary, a kitchen, and a free bathing and washing 
establishment. It is a usual thing for workmen to stop here 
after their day's labour, and bathe, going home clean and re- 
freshed. In the second story are the work-rooms of the Insti- 
tution. The third story contains the much-talked-of Ragged 
Schools. Everything in this room appeared to us in good 
order. These schools are under the charge of some benevo- 
lent ladies of the Society of Friends. The fourth story is 
divided into small rooms, for the purpose of giving a night's 
shelter to those without a home. 

We were much gratified with the general appearance of the 
entire establishment. It is a model in point of cleanliness, 
order, judicious management, and practical benevolence. 

The Widows' Asylum, situated at the northeast corner of 
Schuylkill Fifth and Cherry Streets, was instituted in the year 



272 PHILADELPHIA AS IT IS. 

1819, by contributions, and it still depends upon the same 
resources for support. It contains at present about sixty 
inmates, the oldest of whom is ninety years of age. 

Philadelphia Lying-in Asylum, for the Relief of 
Indigent Women. — This is a new and praiseworthy Institu- 
tion, located at No. 229 Arch Street. It was organized on the 
10th of October, 1850. 

St. Ann's Widows' Asylum, Moyamensing Road below 
Christian Street, is under the charge of the Sisters of St. Joseph. 

Roman Catholic Benevolent Society of Philadelphia, 
an association of ladies, who visit the sick and distressed 
poor, affording them such aid as their means will allow in 
clothing, provisions, money, &c. 

The Orphans' Society of Philadelphia, Race Street 
and Schuylkill Fifth, was formed on the 20th of March, 1814, 
by a number of ladies, who convened for that purpose in the 
schoolroom of the Second Presbyterian Church, and was incor- 
porated on the 29th of January, 1816. 

The object of this benevolent association, is " to rescue from 
ignorance, idleness, and vice, destitute, unprotected, and help- 
less children, by providing for them that support and instruc- 
tion which will eventually enable them to become useful 
members of society." The first orphan was admitted on the 
3d of March, 1815. The family at present consists of eighty- 
four children, — forty-eight boys and thirty-six girls. 

According to the by-laws, no boy shall be bound out as a 
house servant, or to a tavern-keeper, nor until he has received 
a suitable education, and no girl can be bound to a tavern or 
boarding-house keeper. It is the duty of the managers — an 
onerous one too, self-imposed though it be — to keep a mater- 
nal eye over these children, after they leave the Institution, by 
visiting them occasionally, and inquiring into their conduct 
and treatment. 



THE orphans' society. 273 

In the year 1816, the Society received a donation of a large 
lot of ground, that on which the present building stands, from 
four gentlemen, viz., Messrs. J. Cook, Jacob Justice, James 
Wilmer, and Jonah Thompson. The foundation of the first Asy- 
lum was laid the same year, and the building completed, and 
occupied by the children, in April, 1818. This first Orphans' 
Home was a substantial structure, fifty by fifty-three feet, 
three stories high, exclusive of a basement and attic, and was 
erected at a cost of $26,675. This building was entirely de- 
stroyed by fire, on the morning of the 24th of January, 1822, 
when, melancholy to relate, twenty-three of its little inmates 
perished in the conflagration. At that time, there were ninety 
orphans in the family. Such was the rapidity of the flames, 
that of those who escaped, few saved more than their night- 
clothes. The fire having commenced in the kitchen, soon 
extended to the stairway, and from thence it enveloped the 
entire building. Repeated noble attempts were made to 
rescue the little sufi"erers, but the efforts were rendered of no 
avail for want of ladders. 

The sympathy of our citizens was awakened by this cala- 
mity, and the sum of $27,978 was speedily obtained, which, 
with a grant of $5,000 from the State, enabled the managers 
to rebuild the Asylum the following year. The present edifice 
is from a design by William Strickland, and presents an 
excellent plan, embracing every requisite accommodation for 
the inmates at that date ; we think, however, that at present 
many improvements and additions might advantageously be 
made. 

The structure is of brick, one hundred and ten feet by fifty- 
three, and consists of a basement, a principal, and an attic story. 
The materials are of the best kind, and the workmanship 
executed in the most substantial manner. The basement is 
arched, and the stairways are of stone ; indeed, the building, 



274 PHILADELPHIA AS IT IS. 

we may say, is entirely fire-proof. A large area is attached 
to the Asylum, used as a play-ground, which, considering its 
immediate vicinity to one of our noble squares, gives it the ad- 
vantage of a rural location. 

The benevolence of the Christian appears truly in a work 
like this. What friend of his country, of humanity, does not 
wish well to such a noble institution ! 

Saint John's Orphan Asylum. — This new and elegant 
building is located on the west side of the Schuylkill Kiver, 
about two and a half miles from Market Street Bridge. It is 
built on a lot of thirteen acres, adjoining the Cathedral Ceme- 
tery. The structure is of brown stone, in the Tudor style of 
Gothic architecture, — a style peculiarly suited for such insti- 
tutions. It consists of a main edifice, sixty feet long by fifty 
deep, and four stories high, connected to wings of three stories 
the extremes finishing with pointed gables ; the whole length 
is two hundred and twenty feet. Over the main building is a 
turret, surmounted by a cross. The height from the ground 
to the top of the cross is ninety-six feet. The interior, in 
accordance with the exterior appearance of the building, is 
finished in a plain, substantial manner. The basement of the 
centre block, contains the various culinary departments, wash 
and bath rooms, together with the refectory and a play-room 
for the children, when the weather is such as to prevent their 
enjoying out-door amusements. The upper portion is appro- 
priated to the use of the '^ Sisters,'^ or religious order 
having charge of the Institution. The north wing contains 
the chapel, schoolrooms, and dormitories ; and the south wing 
is devoted entirely to dormitories. There are three staircases, 
all of easy access, from any part of the building by the cor- 
ridors. Particular care has been taken in the construction of 
these stairways, to make them commodious and strong. The 
building is designed to accommodate a family of about two 



MAGDALEN ASYLUMS. 275 

hundred and fifty orphans, and their attendants. J. T. 
Mahony, Esq., was the architect of this beautiful edifice. 

Saint John's Female Orphan Asylum. — This Institu- 
tion, under charge of the religious order of the Sisters of 
Charity, is situated on the southwest corner of Spruce and 
Seventh Streets. The average number of orphans is one 
hundred. 

MAGDALEN ASYLUMS. 

There are three of these praiseworthy institutions in Phila- 
delphia. The Magdalen Asylum, Schuylkill Second above 
Race Street, The House of the Good Shepherd, Schuylkill 
Front and George Street, and the Eosine Asylum, Eighth 
above Wood Street. 

The first of these Institutions was organized in the year 
1800. The number of Magdalens who have obtained shelter 
of its charity since then, has been about one thousand, of 
whom upwards of five hundred have been reclaimed, and 
restored to respectable society, or have died under its care, 
manifesting satisfactory evidence of true repentance. The 
Asylum is a plain brick edifice, erected by voluntary contri- 
butions. 

The House of the Good Shepherd, is under charge of 
the Sisters of the Good Shepherd, a religious order, attached 
to the Roman Catholic Church. It has been the means of re- 
claiming many from the paths of vice. 

The Rosine Asylum is a new institution, under the judi- 
cious management of some of our most benevolent ladies ; 
since its organization it has been eminently successful. It is 
pleasing to know, that some of our citizens sympathize with 
the fallen. A moment's reflection will convince the inquirer 
of the absolute necessity of such institutions as those before 



276 PHILADELPHIA AS IT IS. 

US, if we ever hope to reclaim the wanderers from the paths of 
virtue. It has been truly said, that the unhappy girl who has 
been the sufferer from misplaced confidence — and are there not 
too many such, who are more sinned against than sinning ? — 
has no hope of escape from total ruin, unless sheltered by such 
asylums. If not here, where can she go ? Her friends, and 
too often her parents, fear to take her back to the domestic 
hearth, apprehending moral contamination to the other mem- 
bers of the household. Alas ! cast out from all that is dear 
and hallowed in life, humbled in her own estimation, she be- 
comes reckless, and soon, very soon, seeks to drown her woes 
in the intoxicating bowl. That any in such a situation, sur- 
rounded by such unfavourable circumstances, should have the 
resolution to stop and seek to regain a virtuous course of life, 
while the world, notwithstanding their penitence and tears, 
treats them with coldness, enough to deter many from less 
noble resolutions, is truly a matter of wonder. We hope that 
the importance of these institutions will be regarded in their 
proper light, by the citizens of Philadelphia, a city whose 
boast is her benevolence. None have stronger claims. 

Coloured Orphans' Asylum, Thirteenth above Callowhill 
Street. This is a large and commodious building for the 
maintenance and education of coloured orphans, and is one of 
the many monuments of the benevolence of our citizens. It 
contains at present about sixty-seven children. This Institu- 
tion has rescued many little ones from the abodes of wretched- 
ness and vice, which abound in some neighbourhoods of the 
southern portion of our city. It is a cheering thought that 
they may in a future day, become useful members of society, 
instead of a prey to the miseries of crime, to which they were 
exposed. Many poor but worthy coloured people, also, have 
had their dying moments soothed, by the knowledge that there 
was a comfortable home provided for their bereaved little 
ones. 



BENEVOLENT SOCIETIES, ETC. 277 

Donations are gratefully received at tlie Asylum. 

To the above we may add, the Provident Society, The 
Union Benevolent Society, The Northern Association 
FOR THE Relief and Employment of Poor Women, and 
The Temporary Home Asylum. These associations and a 
multitude of others, are organized to assist the poor, by pro- 
viding employment and relieving their immediate wants. The 
remark is often made, that these societies, " do too much for 
the poor," and that they encourage idleness. This is not so ; 
for, from examination and inquiry, we do not hesitate to say, 
that in very few cases has their benevolence been imposed upon. 
Let the caviller accompany the visiters of any one of them, 
and he will for ever after hold his peace, if not assist in the 

good work. 

We might add to this extensive list, the various Soup So- 
cieties and City Trusts, for the distribution of bread, wood, 
and coal, to the poor; the various Beneficial Associations, 
organized for mutual support in time of sickness,— a guide to 
which would form a book itself,— The Humane Society for 
THE Recovery of Drowned Persons, The Society for 
Alleviating the Miseries of Prisons, The Colonization 
Society, the various Abolition Societies, The Foreign 
Benevolent Societies of St. George, St. Andrew, St. 
Patrick, St. David, &c., until we exceeded the limits of the 
present work. 



24 



PENN's treaty with the INDIANS. 279 



CHAPTEK VIII. 

CHURCHES AND RELIGIOUS INSTITUTIONS. 

Religious societies of all denominations are exceedingly 
numerous in Philadelphia. This is creditable to the memory 
of its founder, whose wish was, that every one might worship 
God according to the dictates of his own conscience. 

Penn, himself a distinguished leader in the Society of 
Friends, solemnly declares, that he came into the charge of 
founding the Province of Pennsylvania for 'Hhe Lord's sake.'' 
He desired to establish a people who should be a praise in the 
earth, for conduct, as well as for civil and religious liberty. 

Few of the old churches in Philadelphia are distinguished 
for architectural beauty; but many, erected within the last few 
years, are remarkable for elegance and comfort. Being de- 
signed to suit the wants and the characters of a republican 
people, they excel in beauty of design, elegance of execution, 
and chasteness of decoration, rather than ornate display. 

The first of these societies which claims our attention, is 
The Friends, or Quakers. Meetings of this Society were 
held, previous to the settlement of Philadelphia, at the house 
of Thomas Fairman, at Shackamaxon, — the present Kensing- 
ton. 

This house, Watson says in his '^ Annals," was near " the 
Elm Tree,'' that subsequently obtained such renown as being 
the scene of Penn's Treaty of Friendship with the Indians. 
It was at this Treaty (of which our engraving is a beautiful 
view) that Penn addressed them in these memorable words : 
" We meet on the broad pathway of good faith and good will. 



280 PHILADELPHIA AS IT IS. 

No advantage sliall be taken on either side, but all shall be 
openness and love. I will not call you children, for parents 
sometimes chide their children too severely ; nor brothers only, 
for brothers differ ; — the friendship between thee and me I will 
not compare to a chain, for that the rains may rust, or the 
falling tree may break : we are the same as if one man's 
body were to be divided into two parts ; we are all one flesh 
and blood." The impression made upon the minds of the 
Indians by Penn, at this and subsequent interviews, was such 
that they ever after retained the highest esteem for his me- 
mory, and good will towards Friends. Years after, when cruel- 
minded men made the waters of the placid Conestoga red with 
the blood of the Christian Indians, many of them fled, outcasts 
from their homes, to the city of Brotherly Love, to seek and 
find protection among the followers of " Maquon," as they 
termed Penn. On one occasion a chieftain, in a reply to a com- 
missioner said, " that they should never forget the counsel 
William Penn gave them ' as long as the sun gives light.' " 

In 1685, a meeting-house was erected at the southwest 
corner of Centre Square. This building was designed as a 
State-house, market-house, as well as the chief meeting-house. 
Another meeting-house was erected, in 1685, in Front above 
Arch Street. This was intended to serve for "evening meet- 
ings," and the Centre Square one for the "day meetings." 
In after years, when the house in Pine Street (this old build- 
ing still remains) was erected, they called the Front Street 
building the " North Meeting." In 1789, this structure was 
removed, and a meeting-house erected in Key's Alley. In the 
year 1695, the fourth meeting-house of this Society was 
built, at the southwest corner of Second and Market Streets. 
This was styled, by those unfavourable to Friends' principles, 
the "Quaker Cathedral;" "but," says Watson, "great as 
were the ideas of the primitive population, it was removed, in 



friends' meeting-houses. 281 

1755, to build still greater. The meetings, in time/' he con- 
tinues, '^ were so disturbed by the noise and turmoil of the 
increased population, that it was deemed expedient to sell the 
property ;" which was done in 1808, when the present large 
meeting-house, on Arch near Fourth Street, was erected. 

The Friends' meeting-houses are all remarkable for their 
plain and substantial appearance. The following will be found 
to embrace all those in the city, at present. 

Friends' Meeting-House, Fourth and Arch Streets. The 
burial-ground attached to this building is the oldest in Phila- 
delphia, with the exception of that belonging to the Swedes' 
Church, Southwark. William Penn spoke over the grave of 
the first person interred in it. 

Friends' Meeting-House, Ninth and Spruce Streets. 

Friends' Meeting-House, Twelfth between Chestnut and 
Market Streets. 

Friends' Meeting-House, Green near Fourth Street. 

Friends' Meeting-House, Sixth and Noble Streets. 

Friends' Meeting-House, Washington Street, opposite 
Washington Square. 

Friends' Meeting-House, Pine below Second Street. 

Friends' or Free Quakers' Meeting-House, Race below 
Fifth. 

Friends' or Free Quakers' Meeting-House, Arch and 
Fifth Streets. 

Friends' Meeting-House, West Philadelphia, near the 
forks of Westchester and Darby turnpike roads. 

Friends' Meeting-House, Main Street, Grermantown. 

Friends' Meeting-House, School Street, Germantown. 

In addition to these, they have one in Byberry and two in 
Frankford. 

24^' 



282 PHILADELPHIA AS IT IS. 



EPISCOPAL CHURCHES. 

The first churcli edifice of this denomination to which wc 
call the attention of the reader, is that of the Gloria Dei, or 
Swedes' Church, situated in Swanson below Christian Street, 
near the Navy Yard. It is the oldest church in Philadelphia, 
having been erected in 1700. Its predecessor occupied the 
same site, and was erected in 1677, four years before the ar- 
rival of Penn's colony, in 1681. It was a log building, con- 
structed to serve both as a place of worship, and a block-house 
against the Indians. The burial-ground attached to the Gloria 
Dei, presents a striking contrast to the more modern cemeteries, 
in the rude, antique lettering of its grave-stones. 

While viewing this ancient edifice, the history of the past 
is powerfully recalled. The graves, scattered around, con- 
jure up many a scene of trial, encountered by those early 
pioneers. Here lie the remains of Alexander Wilson, 
the ornithologist : he desired to be buried in this churchyard, 
on account of its beautiful location and retirement ! 

The next in point of antiquity and historical interest is, 

Christ Church, in Second above Market Street. This 
church was organized under the auspices of the Rev. Mr. 
Clayton, in 1695. Its first place of worship was also a log 
building, which was subsequently enlarged and improved. 
This primitive structure gave place to the present stately edi- 
fice, which was commenced in 1727, and completed in 1753. 
The steeple is a graceful piece of architecture. It contains a 
chime of eight bells, purchased in England. They were brought 
to Philadelphia freight free, in the ship Matilda, Captain 
Budden, and in compliment to his generosity, as often as he 
arrived, in subsequent years, they rang forth a merry peal of 
welcome. The communion service of this church is very 



EPISCOPAL CHURCHES. 



283 




CHRIST CHURCH, 



interesting, part of it having been presented by Queen Anne, 
in 1708. 

St. Peter's Church, stands on the southwest corner of 
Third and Pine Streets. It was founded in the year 1758 as 
a '^ chapel of ease" to Christ Church. It has a venerable and 
imposing appearance. The spire is of modern construction, 



Ii84 PHILADELPHIA AS IT IS. 

and contains a chime of bells, presented by the late Mr. Wil- 
cox, for many years an extensive trader to China. 

St. James' Church, Seventh above Market Street, erected 
in 1809, is a plain brick structure, extending east and west 
ninety feet, and is sixty feet wide. The foundation of a 
spire has been laid, but it is doubtful whether it will ever be 
erected. 

St. Paul's Church, Third below Walnut Street. This 
edifice was built in the year 1762, by a few particular friends 
of the Rev. Dr. M'Clenaghan, as an Independent Episcopal 
Church. 

Church of the Epiphany, Schuylkill Eighth and Chestnut 
Streets, is a rich and imposing edifice, with a portico in the 
Doric order. 

Church of the Atonement, Summer and Schuylkill 
Sixth Streets. This is a new building, in the early English 
style. 

GrRACE Church, Twelfth and Cherry Streets. 

St. Luke's Church, Thirteenth near Pine Street. This 
is one of the most beautiful and commodious church edifices 
in Philadelphia. The portico is a fine example of the Corin- 
thian order. 

Church of the Ascension, Lombard above Eleventh 
Street. 

Church of the Mediator, Schuylkill Fourth and Lom- 
bard Streets. 

St. Philip's Church, Vine Street, near Franklin Square. 

St. Andrew's Church, Eighth near Spruce Street. The 
fagade of this building is one of the most perfect specimens of 
the Grecian Ionic order in this city. It is copied from the 
celebrated Temple of Bacchus at Teos. It consists of a portico 
of six fluted columns in enstyle, with a strictly copied entabla- 
ture, embracing all the enrichments and members of the ori- 



EPISCOPAL CHURCHES. 285 

ginal. The portico is approached by a flight of six marble steps, 
extending the whole width of the front. The main entrance 
is fourteen feet by twenty-five ; subdivided into seven horizontal 
compartments of four panels each. The fascios of the panels 
are bold, and enriched with the egg moulding, the stiles and 
rails are studded with rivets, giving the whole the character 
of strength. The nave is planned with middle and side aisles, 
the seats being disposed in simple parallelograms, running east 
and west ; their general appearance is that of a Grecian lounge. 
The front of the gallery is divided, on each side, into five equal 
divisions, forming an elongated panel, each enriched with 
carved mouldings. The columns supporting the gallery are 
composed of a cluster of palm leaves, turning over at the top, 
thus forming the capital ; over each is introduced a wreath, 
the whole supporting a light and graceful entablature. In the 
west end of the church, facing the entrance, are placed the 
pulpit and chancel. The whole of the interior entrance is 17 
by 25 feet. The principal feature in this design is two large 
columns, with their pilasters and entablatures, copied from 
the Temple of Minerva Polius at Athens, and executed with 
all the enrichments, without the slightest deviation from the 
proportions given in '^ Stewart's Athens.^' The pulpit, read- 
ing-desk, and communion table, are elegantly executed. The 
organ loft occupies the east end of the building, over the ves- 
tibule. The front of the organ represents a Grrecian lyre, 
standing on a pedestal, between a cluster of pipes, forming 
themselves into a tower, surmounted by leaves, with a vase at 
each wing. This design is highly and richly finished, and 
forms one of the chief ornaments of the church. 

In the rear of the main edifice is an additional building, 
erected within the last few years. It afi"ords a commodious 
vestry-room, school-room, &c. The lot on which the church 



286 PHILADELPHIA AS IT IS. 

stands, is enclosed in front by a neat iron railing, and on each 
side of the church it is laid out in burial lots. 

Mr. Haviland was the architect of St. Andrew's, and it cer- 
tainly reflects credit on his taste and skill. 

St. Stephen's Church, Tenth below Market Street. This 
imposing and beautiful Grothic structure was erected and con- 
secrated in the year 1823. The front on Tenth Street consists 
of two octangular towers, eighty-six feet in height, comprising 
five stories, with windows and offsets, terminating in an em- 
battled parapet. The towers are connected by a screen wall, 
thirty feet wide, by sixty high. There are three doors of 
entrance, over which there are three large windows, formed 
with a recessed arch, twenty-four feet wide, by thirty-six in 
height. On each flank are the windows of the north and 
south aisles, separated by muUions into four compartments, 
and decorated with panelled tracery. A vestibule communi- 
cates with a stairway in each tower, leading to the gallery and 
organ loft. From the vestibule there are three screen doors, 
which open into the body of the church. The interior is 
highly finished. On entering, the contrast between the open 
sky, and the pervading shade, is so striking as to immediately 
arrest the attention. This light has a pleasing effect, from its 
perfect harmony with the peculiarities of the architecture. 
Here it is poured in a golden flood through the deeply-stained 
and richly-coloured glass of the windows ; — it darts through 
the arches, streams across the aisles, illuminating the minutest 
ornaments of the lofty roof : everything is gilded with lustre. 

The chancel and pulpit form the principal decorations of the 
eastern end, being richly finished with reversed screen panels 
and clustered columns, supporting four canopies. The large 
window behind the pulpit is filled with beautifully-stained 
glass. This window is flanked by recessed panels, containing 
marble tablets, upon which the Lord's Prayer, and the Creed, 



EPISCOPAL CHURCHES. 287 

are engraved. The gallery screen is parallel witli the sides of 
the church, connected in a semicircular form on the west end. 
It is enriched with perforated tracery and panel-work, and is 
supported by clustered columns, the front reed of each column 
rising above the capital, and terminating in a canopy, on a 
level with the top rail of the screen. From the upper part of 
the windows, on the flanks, spring the massy ribs which sus- 
tain the roof; each rib is supported by brackets, and termi- 
nates in a pendant, the spandrels being pierced with panels. 
These ribs, brackets, and pendants, being regularly disposed 
along the ceiling, dividing it into so many compartments, pro- 
duce a rich and beautiful eifect. The organ loft is on the west 
end, over the vestibule. It is capable of containing eighty 
choristers, and is amply lighted by the three front windows. 

St. John's Church, St. John's and Brown Street, is a 
neat and substantial edifice, decorated with a portico of two 
columns in front. 

Church of the Advent, Old York Eoad above Tam- 
many Street. 

St. Mark's Church, Locust near Schuylkill Seventh 
Street. This beautiful Gothic structure was erected in 1849, 
and consecrated to its high and holy use, as a house of prayer, 
May 21st, 1850; on which occasion there were sixty-one cler- 
gymen present — twenty-seven of them, in surplices, filling the 
noble chancel, and adding much to the solemnity of the scene. 
The building is of that order of Gothic architecture known as 
the " decorative," which prevailed at a period when it may be 
said that this order attained its highest point of graceful pro- 
portion and luxuriant beauty. The churches of that age were 
distinguished for their fine proportions and beauty of interior 
efi"ect : the style is therefore valued by the artist for its fine 
forms of adaptation to sacred edifices of every size and cost, 
from the parish church to the gorgeous cathedral. 



PHILADELPHIA AS IT IS. 




ST. MARKS CHURCH. 



St. Mark's is situated on the north side of Locust Street, 
on a lot of ample size, which is enclosed from the street by an 
ornamental iron railing. The building extends east and west 
150 feet; and its breadth, including the tower, is 91 feet. It 
is constructed entirely of freestone, neither paint nor plaster 
having been used internally or externally, — the inside walls 



EPISCOPAL CHURCHES. 289 

being lined with dressed stone, and the woodwork of solid oak. 
The tower is in the position of a south porch ; and through it 
is the principal entrance, by a richly moulded doorway, orna- 
mented with foliated shafts in the jambs. The windows of 
the aisles and clerestory on the flank are of two lights, divided 
by mullions of stone, which are foliated in the arch, showing a 
variety of elegant patterns. They have also moulded stone 
jambs. 

The church has a most imposing appearance, as viewed from 
the southeast : its lofty tower and tapering spire are thence 
seen in all their beauty. Upon the elegance of these peculiar 
features of Gothic architecture it is needless to dwell. The 
page of romance is filled with descriptions of the " heaven- 
directed spire;" — the artist cannot draw a landscape^ the poet 
an Arcadian region, nor the novelist a fairy-land, in which the 
spire is not introduced. Of the beauty of St. Mark's tower 
and spire, all are competent judges. From the plain and solid 
buttress, as it rises from the ground, to the beautifully-exe- 
cuted tracery adorning the top of the tower, from whence the 
spire ascends, the eye knows not where to stop. It wanders 
in delight from the distant vane to the massive base, and ob- 
serves every part, melting into, as it were, and harmonizing 
with the other. It meets with nothing to offend, nothing to 
disturb it. Here are no occult angles, to attract and disturb 
the attention ; no awkward attempts at grandeur, to provoke a 
smile. This tower and spire, in connexion with the edifice, 
we consider among the happiest efforts of its accomplished 
architect, John Notman, Esq. The whole is beautifully and 
justly proportioned. 

The interior is remarkable for its chaste simplicity and ele- 
gance. It is divided into a chancel, nave, and aisle. The 
chancel is furnished with stalls for twenty-four seats ; there is 
also an arcade of three niches, forming the ancient sedilia, and 

25 



290 PniLADELPHIA AS IT IS. 

a recess, to be used as a credence table. The altar is of stone, 
covered with a rich velvet cloth, exquisitely wrought in gold. 
Above the altar is the great east window, of five lights, with 
mullions and foliated tracery in stone ; this is filled with ex- 
ceedingly rich stained glass, of the most magnificent colours; 
it contains the figures of our Saviour and the Apostles Peter, 
Paul, and John, together with that of St. John the Bap- 
tist. The brilliancy of the drapery in these portraits is re- 
markable, although we think the shading too heavy ; for we 
must remember that a stained-glass window is not a mere pic- 
ture, but a means of admitting light; modified and tempered, 
it is true, but still light, for the building to which it apper- 
tains. The nave is twenty-eight feet wide, and one hundred 
feet long. The north and south aisles are each fourteen feet 
wide by one hundred long. The divisions are in seven bays 
on each side ; the piers and arches are of cut stone, supporting 
the clerestory, with bracket-shafts for the roof-timbers. The 
roof is open-timbered, with moulded hammer and collar-beams. 
The north aisle connects with the organ aisle by a fine stone 
arch, which is also open to the chancel. The seats are of oak; 
plain, but of suitable design. The windows are all glazed in 
lead, having borders and tracery in coloured glass, exhibiting 
a great variety of beautiful patterns. The great west window 
is of four lights. It contains the figures of the four Evange- 
lists. The tracery is also filled with fine glass. The drawing 
and pictorial efl"ects of these figures are exquisite specimens of 
the art. The whole of this noble window is rich in harmony 
and efi'ect, and gives an admirable finish to the entire structure. 
The prayer-desk is of an elegant design, corresponding to the 
pulpit, both of which are of carved oak, and of octagonal form. 
The pulpit is raised on a stone base, on the north side of the 
chancel arch. A movable lantern stands between the two, 
from which the lessons are read. The whole floor is laid in 



EPISCOPAL CHURCHES. 291 

tile, of a great variety of colours and patterns. These tiles 
were imported by Mr. S. A. Harrison, No. 146 Walnut Street. 
We hope to see them generally introduced into our public 
buildings, since they are admirably adapted to the climate, and 
can be obtained at about one-half the cost of marble, while 
they have a more beautiful effect. 

The cost of this building, not including the tower and spire, 
was $30,000. It is the private enterprise of five individuals, 
members of the congregation. 

St. Jude's Church, in Franklin above Brown Street, be- 
tween Seventh and Eighth Streets, is built in the early English 
Gothic style, with the high, pointed roof. Its form is that of 
a Latin cross, forty-two feet front on Franklin Street, ex- 
tending that width to the transepts, which are forty feet deep, 
where it widens to eighty feet. The head of the cross beyond 
the chancel will form a Sunday-school building when it is 
completed : the whole length of the structure then will be one 
hundred and twelve feet, from east to west. The entrances 
are through the tower (which it is intended to surmount with 
a spire), and through the corresponding porch on the north 
side. The church is slightly elevated from the street, and is 
without basement. The roof inside is open-timbered. 

Church of the Nativity, Eleventh and Washington 
Streets. This is another beautiful Gothic structure, highly 
creditable to its architect, N. Le Brun, Esq., under whose 
superintendence it was erected. 

Church of the Redemption, northwest corner of Callow- 
hill and Schuylkill Front Streets, is another specimen of the 
early English style. The building, however, is small, and one 
of the least expensive kind. 

Church of the Messiah, Port Richmond, is also a Gothic 
building, every way worthy of the flourishing district of its 
location. 



292 PHILADELPHIA AS IT IS. 

St. Matthew's Church, is beautifully situated in Francis- 
ville, near tlie Girard College. It is a neat little country 
church. 

Church of Emanuel, is located in Marlborough above 
Franklin Street. 

Church of the Evangelists, Fifth above Catharine 
Street. 

Trinity Church, Catharine near Second Street. 

All Saints Church, Twelfth below Fitzwater Street. 

German Episcopal Church, Charlotte above Poplar Street. 

St. Mary's Church, West Philadelphia. 

Church of St. James the Less. — This is another beautiful 
Gothic structure, situated near the Falls of Schuylkill. 

Church of the Crucifixion, Seventh near Bedford Street. 
This is a Free Mission Church, for the coloured population of 
the southern section of our city. This mission commenced 
originally amongst the most destitute and depraved of the 
coloured race. It has, however, gradually extended its influ- 
ence, and now comprises a respectable congregation, and a 
flourishing Sabbath school. The present edifice is of modern 
construction. It is a plain but substantial building, capable 
of seating about five hundred persons. 

St. Thomas's Church (African), Fifth below Walnut 
Street. 

The Floating Church of the Redeemer. — This novel 
yet beautiful structure lies at the foot of Spruce Street. It is a 
free church, designed for seamen and their families. 

PRESBYTERIAN CHURCHES. 

This Church was established in the city of Philadelphia as 
early as the year 1695. The first congregation was organized, 
and held their primary meetings, in a small frame building, one 



PRESBYTERIAN CHURCHES. 293 

story high, which for many years stood on the northwest corner 
of Chestnut and Second Streets. Mr. Jedediah Andrews was 
their first regular pastor. This congregation having increased 
in number, erected, in the year 1704, the building which for- 
merly stood in Market Street, between Second and Third 
Streets. This was a spacious edifice, built in the Grrecian 
style. During the religious excitement occasioned by the 
preaching of the Rev. Gr. Whitfield, there was a division in 
this society, and a part withdrew, under the name of the ^' New 
School," to Mr. Whitfield's meeting-house. This building was 
known in after years, as ^Hhe Old xicademy,'' in Fourth below 
Arch Street. 

In 1750, the New School, then under the pastoral care of 
the Rev. Gr. Tennent, erected the church that lately stood 
on the northwest corner of Third and Arch Streets. This edi- 
fice was long known as the "new meeting-house." Subse- 
quently this congregation became reconciled to the parent 
stock, to which they were reunited, under the name of the 
Second Presbyterian Church. The Third Church, situated 
in Pine Street, between Fourth and Fifth Streets, was esta- 
blished by the Market Street congregation, to accommodate 
that portion of their members '^ living on the hill." 

The Presbyterian Church, since its establishment in this 
city, has been eminently prosperous, no sect having exercised 
a more salutary influence in the cause of humanity and reli- 
gion. 

The First Presbyterian Church is beautifully situated 
in Locust Street, opposite Washington Square. It is a brick 
building, roughcast to imitate marble. The front elevation is 
said to be a copy of the celebrated Ionic temple on the river 
lUyssus, at Athens. The structure is eighty-eight feet in 
length, by seventy-one in width ; the vestibule and principal 
entrance, thirty-seven by thirty-two. The pulpit is placed at 

25* 



294 PHILADELPHIA AS IT IS. 

the south end and is constructed in a segment of a circle. 
This building is one of the most commodious in the city. 

The Second Presbyterian Church, in Seventh below 
Arch Street, we have no hesitation in pronouncing one of the 
most elegant places of worship in Philadelphia, remarkable 
alike for chaste simplicity and beautiful proportions. 

The Third Church is located in Pine near Fourth Street. 

The Fourth Church is a plain brick building in Lombard 
near Thirteenth Street. 

The Fifth Church, Arch above Tenth Street. This im- 
posing building was erected in the year 1823. It is beauti- 
fully situated on one of the most elevated parts of the city, to 
which its steeple is highly ornamental, exhibiting in one view 
in their proper grades, from the base to the summit, the 
Doric, the Ionic, the Corinthian, and the Composite orders of 
architecture. The height of the tower and spire is 165 feet. 
The building extends ninety-one feet north and south, by 
sixty-five in width. Its design comprises simplicity and ele- 
gance, in a degree and manner well suited to the sacred uses 
for which it was erected. 

A large and important addition has been made to this 
church during the past year, by the erection of a building, to 
accommodate the Sunday Schools, on the rear of the lot. 

The Sixth Church is in Spruce near Sixth Street. 

The Seventh, or Penn Square Presbyterian Church, 
is situated on the corner of Broad and Olive Streets. The 
style of architecture, fine proportions, and chaste appearance 
which characterize this edifice, attract the notice and elicit the 
admiration of our citizens. It is justly esteemed among the 
ornaments of Philadelphia. The principal front, on Broad 
Street, consists of a Corinthian portico of eight columns, so 
disposed as to have a return column at each angle and to partly 
surround the massive foundation of a steeple, which it is in- 
tended to erect in a short time. The approach to this portico 




S E V E N J' U r K E S B Y T E R I A N C II I: i: C II. 



296 PHILADELPHIA AS IT IS. 

is by a flight of thirteen steps. The walls and flanks are 
embellished with pilasters, the whole supporting an entablature 
enriched with ornaments peculiar to classic architecture. In 
the basement are ample and convenient rooms for the Sabbath 
School, and lecture-rooms. The principal story is finished in 
an elegant and chaste style, being in conformity with the ex- 
terior. The pulpit rests upon a basement, four feet in height, 
supporting a screen of four Corinthian pillars, whose rich enta- 
blature extends to the ceiling, which is panelled in the most 
beautiful manner, the whole presenting an imposing appearance, 
heightened by the exquisite proportions and harmony of colour 
which reign throughout. 

The steeple intended to surmount the structure will rise to 
the altitude of 215 feet; it will be octagonal throughout in 
its plan, viz., — a panelled pedestal base, supporting a story 
consisting of a nionopteral portico of eight columns, above the 
screen wall and entablature of which, the spire will be built. 
This beautiful edifice was designed by and erected under the 
superintendence of N. Le Brun, Esq., architect, and is one of 
the first of his construction in this city. 

The Eighth, or Scots' Presbyterian Church, in Spruce 
above Third Street, was erected before the War of Indepen- 
dence. During the occupancy of this city by the British, it 
was fitted up as an army hospital. In the year 1843 it was 
considerably enlarged and embellished, according to designs 
furnished by N. Le Brun, Esq. The building presents a 
front elevation consisting of a recessed portico, in the Compo- 
site order, surmounted by a pediment, and flanked by panelled 
wings. From the portico, access is obtained to the audience- 
chamber through the vestibule, on each end of which are 
stairs leading to the galleries. The interior of the church is 
finished in a simple yet chaste manner. The pulpit is embel- 
lished with a screen of Ionic columns. 



PRESBYTERIAN CHURCHES. 297 

The Ninth Presbyterian Church is on the northwest 
corner of Schuylkill Seventh and George Streets. 

The Tenth Presbyterian Church is on the northeast 
corner of Twelfth and Walnut Streets. 

The Eleventh Presbyterian Church, situated in Vine 
below Thirteenth Street, was considerably improved and em- 
bellished during the year 1850. It now presents, to some 
extent, an ornamental appearance. 

The Twelfth Presbyterian Church is situated in Cedar 
(or South) above Eleventh Street. 

The Central Presbyterian Church. — This is a large 
and imposing edifice, situated on the corner of Cherry and 
Eighth Streets. 

Clinton Street Presbyterian Church is eligibly located 
on the corner of Tenth and Clinton Streets. 

The Western Presbyterian Church, Schuylkill Sixth 
and Filbert Streets. 

Associate Presbyterian Church. — This is a new and 
tasty brick edifice, situated on the northwest corner of Schuyl- 
kill Fifth and Filbert Streets. 

Logan Square Presbyterian Church, Schuylkill Third 
and Vine Streets, is a beautiful building, in the Grecian order, 
erected from designs furnished by Mr. Cummings, architect. 

Spring Garden Presbyterian Church, Eleventh above 
Spring Garden Street. The imposing portico of this Church 
is justly admired; and the building is, altogether, one of the 
chief ornaments of the flourishing District of Spring Garden. 

Green Hill Presbyterian Church, situated in Girard 
Avenue above Schuylkill Seventh Street, is a new and elegant 
Gothic edifice. 

Union Presbyterian Church, Thirteenth near Budd 
Street. 



298 PHILADELPHIA AS IT IS. 

First Presbyterian Church (Northern Liberties), But- 
tonwood above Fifth Street. 

Central Presbyterian Church (Northern Liberties), 
Coates below Fourth Street. 

North Presbyterian Church (Northern Liberties), Sixth 
below Coates Street. 

Penn Presbyterian Church, Tenth above Poplar Street. 

First Presbyterian Church (Kensington), Palmer above 
Queen Street. 

Second Presbyterian Church (Kensington), York, east 
of Front Street. 

First Presbyterian Church (Southwark), German above 
Second Street. 

Second Presbyterian Church (Southwark), Third below 
Federal Street. 

Reformed Presbyterian Church, Eleventh below Mar- 
ket Street. 

First Associate Reformed Presbyterian Church, 
Walnut above Fourth Street. 

Second Associate Reformed Presbyterian Church, 
Spruce between Third and Fourth Streets. 

Third Associate Reformed Presbyterian Church, 
Thirteenth above Market Street. 

Fourth Associate Reformed Presbyterian Church, 
Linn near Schuylkill Front Street. 

Fifth Associate Reformed Presbyterian Church, 
Lombard between Schuylkill Third and Fourth Streets. 

CuxMBERLAND PRESBYTERIAN Church (Spring Garden), 
Franklin near Green Street. 

First Independent Presbyterian Church, Broad and 
George Street. 

Second Independent Presbyterian Church, Thirteenth 
near Melon Street. 



PRESBYTERIAN BOARD OF PUBLICATION. 299 

Reformed Presbyterian Church, Cherry below Eleventh 
Street. 

Reformed Presbyterian Church, Schuylkill Front near 
Callowhill Street. 

First Associate Presbyterian Church (Northern Li- 
berties), Frankford Road near Phoenix Street. 

Second Associate Presbyterian Church (Northern Li- 
berties), Jefferson near Oxford Street. 

Associate Presbyterian Church (Southwark), Fifth 
above Washington Street. 

CoHOCKSiNK Presbyterian Church, Germantown Road 
above Fifth Street. 

Presbyterian Church, Port Richmond. 

-Presbyterian Church, Grermantown. 

Presbyterian Church, Mantua. This building is beau- 
tifully situated on Bridge Street. 

West Philadelphia Presbyterian Church, is situated 
on Chestnut Street, Hamilton Tillage. 

First African Presbyterian Ckurch, Seventh below 
Shippen Street. 

Second African Presbyterian Church, Lombard near 
Ninth Street. 

Third African Presbyterian Church, St. Mary above 
Sixth Street. 

In addition to the above, there is a Presbyterian Church in 
Bridesburg, one in Frankford, and one in Manayunk, besides 
several societies, which, having no regular place of worship, 
meet occasionally in some of the numerous Halls in the city. 

Presbyterian Board op Publication Building, 265 
Chestnut Street. This is a handsome edifice constructed of 
brown stone, four stories high, 25 feet front by 174 feet deep. 
An effigy of an open Bible ornaments the front, bearing the 
appropriate inscription Sit Lux, which signifies ^' Let there 



300 PHILADELPHIA AS IT IS. 

be light. '^ This may be considered, though only an executive 
branch, the '■'■ local habitation'' of the Presbyterian Church, 
which quoad cavilia is a corporation of Pennsylvania, though 
in its sacred character it knows no boundaries but those of the 
human family. 

This Building contains the offices of the Board of Publica- 
tion, the Board of Education, and the Board of Domestic 
Missions; the fourth Board, that of Foreign Missions, being 
located at 23 Centre Street, New York. 

Pause upon the massive pavement, before we enter; for 
beneath us, in fire-proof safes, are deposited the immortal 
works of Calvin, Owen, Flavel, Baxter, Bunyan, and others 
famed in Church History. 

The store is large and conveniently fitted up. Here, if you 
have any taste for good reading, you will find many valuable 
works. Proceeding onward, we come to the office of the periodi- 
cals of the Church, viz., the Home and Foreign Record, and 
Presbyterian Sabbath School Visitor ; still farther back is the 
private room of the Publishing Agent. This efi'ort of the 
Church to supply a healthy religious literature for the people, 
is worthy of th^ noblest support. 

In the second story are the offices of the Corresponding Sec- 
retary, and Greneral Agent, together with the Library, consisting 
of a valuable collection of standard books in Divinity, History, 
and Natural Sciences. 

The third story contains the apartments occupied by the 
Board of Education, the object of which is to supply the 
Church with an educated Ministry : for that end it assists 
young men of approved character and talents, through the 
whole of their education. It has at present under its care 
about 388 persons. 

In this story, the offices of the Secretaries and Treasurer of 
the Board of Domestic Missions is also located. This is one 



ROMAN CATHOLIC CHURCHES. 301 

of the most important Boards of this Church, as upon its 
efforts their prosperity mainly depends. During the year 
1850 it has supported 591 missionaries in their labours, sup- 
plied 1113 churches, 49 of which were constituted within that 
year, and within the past twenty-one years, it has been instrumen- 
tal in the organization of 943 churches, aiding in the erection of 
1484 houses of worship, into which upwards of 40,000 persons 
have been received on confession of their faith. 

We have previously noticed the establishment of the first 
Presbyterian church in this city in the year 1695 : there are 
now in connexion with it, in Pennsylvania, 2675 churches, 
2027 ministers, and 210,306 communicants, reported to the 
General Assembly. 

Other parts of the building are occupied by the Board of 
Publication, for store-rooms, workshops, &c. 

ROMAN CATHOLIC CHURCHES. 

The diocese of this communion embraces the eastern dis- 
trict of Pennsylvania, West New Jersey, and the State of 
Delaware. 

Cathedral Church of St. Peter and St. Paul, Schuyl- 
kill Fifth Street, between Race and Summer Streets. This vast 
edifice, now in progress of construction, was commenced in 
September, 1846 -, and although each year, since that date, 
considerable progress has been made in the work, it is at 
present not more than one-third advanced towards completion. 
It was designed by N. Le Brun, Esq., and the whole interior 
of the building, which when finished will be in the highest 
degree grand and magnificent, is progressing according to the 
original design. 

The plan of the edifice is that of the modern Roman cruci- 
form churches, having in the centre a great nave. The vault 
over the nave and transepts will be about seventy-eight feet 

26 



302 



PHILADELPHIA AS IT IS. 




CATHEDRAL OF ST. PETER AND ST. PAUL. 

high, cylindrical and panelled. Over the intersection of the 
cross vaults, there is to be a pendentive dome, one hundred 
and twenty-five feet high. The side aisles and transepts are 



ROMAN CATHOLIC CHURCnES. 803 

divided from the nave by massive piers. The piers support 
the arches on which the clerestory is built ) these piers are to 
be richly ornamented with foliated moulding, &c. j they will 
be further relieved by fluted pilasters, of the Corinthian order, 
with enriched bases and capitals. These pilasters will sup- 
port an entablature, including the architrave, frieze, cornice, 
and blocking-course ; over which will spring the vaulted semi- 
circular ceiling. 

The sanctuary at the east end will be fifty feet square, and 
the high altar, which will be exceedingly magnificent, is to be 
within it. The light thoughout the building is mainly to be 
introduced through the lanterns of the great dome, the small 
pendentive domes over the aisles, and large semicircular win- 
dows at the west end. The richest style of the Roman Corin- 
thian order will prevail throughout the building. The front, 
on Schuylkill Fifth Street, is a beautiful design, by John Not- 
man, Esq., of a highly decorative character, very creditable to 
that gentleman's taste and skill. The plan consists of a por- 
tico of four gigantic columns, sixty feet high, and six feet in 
diameter, finished with richly-sculptured bases and capitals ; 
over these will be an entablature and pediment, in corresponding 
architectural taste. On the frieze will be engraved the words 
Ad Majorem Dei Gloriam. The apex of the pediment will be 
surmounted by a colossal figure of the Saviour, and on the 
opposite angles will be the statues of two angels, in a kneeling 
position. The main entrance will be approached by a flight 
of nine steps, forty-eight feet long. Over the central doorway 
will be the large west window, and over the side doors will be 
niches to receive the figures of the patron saints of the church, 
St. Peter and St. Paul. These niches, together with the door- 
ways and the large window, will be relieved with a bold and 
richly-executed architrave. The wings, which will be lower 
than the central facade, are also to be decorated with columns, 



304 PHILADELPHIA AS IT IS. 

pilasters, and entablatures, and surmounted by towers ; these 
towers will rise to the altitude of one hundred and ten feet. 
In front of these wings, are also floriated niches, to contain 
statues of the " great fathers of the Church.'' The principal 
dome will form an imposing feature in the exterior view. Tt 
will rise to the height of two hundred and ten feet ; and will 
be surrounded by a row of columns, thirty feet high, support- 
ing an enriched entablature. Between these columns will be 
the windows to light the centre of the building. This immense 
dome is to be highly ornamented, both internally and exter- 
nally. Its effect will impart a grandeur of appearance un- 
equalled by any other building in the country. 

Church of St. John the Evangelist, Thirteenth, above 
Chestnut Street, is a large and imposing edifice, built in the 
Gothic style, stuccoed in imitation of marble. 

St. Augustine's Church, Fourth Street, between Race and 
Vine Streets, is constructed of brick, with a tower in the 
centre of the front, which it is intended to surmount with a 
very handsome steeple. The whole of the exterior is very 
chaste and simple. The interior is arranged in the usual 
manner of modern churches ; the sanctuary, however, is novel 
in design and arrangement. It is much admired. The co- 
lumns supporting the dome over it, are of Scagliola marble, 
the capitals of which, together with the entablature over them, 
are richly carved and gilded. The design of this beautiful 
feature of this church, is copied from the much-admired 
remains of the Temple of Jupiter Olympus at Rome. The 
whole of the interior is painted in distemper, presenting an 
exceedingly rich and ornamental appearance. The former 
church occupying this site was destroyed by fire in 1844. 
The present building was erected from designs by N. Le Brun, 
Esq., in 1848. 

The Chapel of Our Lady of Consolation, is a neat 



ROMAN CATHOLIC CHURCHES. 305 

brick edifice, adjoining St. Augustine^s, on Crown Street. It 
is used for the Sunday schools and confraternities of the con- 
gregation of that church. 

St. Mary's Church. — This is a brick building, erected in 
1763 ; it is situated in Fourth Street, between Walnut and 
Spruce Streets. 

St. Joseph's Church, Willing's Alley, between Spruce 
and Walnut Streets, back of Fourth Street. 

Trinity Church, Sixth and Spruce Streets, is an antique- 
looking building. The remains of the late Stephen Girard 
were interred in the burial-ground attached to this church, 
from whence they were removed, in 1851, to the College 
founded by his beneficence. 

St. Patrick's Church, Schuylkill Third above Spruce 
Street. 

St. Francis Xavier's Church, near Fairmount. 

St. Philip de Neri's Church, Queen above Second Street. 

St. Paul's Church, Christian below Tenth Street. This 
is a new and ornamental building, constructed of brick, in the 
Gothic style. 

St. Peter's Church (German). — This building, situated 
at the corner of Franklin Avenue and Fifth Street, was com- 
menced in the year 1843, and the interior completed in 1847. 
The length of the church is one hundred and seventy feet, the 
width of the nave sixty-eight feet, and of the front seventy- 
eight feet. The style of architecture adopted in the interior 
is that known as the ^^ classic Eoman," though the exterior 
possesses a Byzantine character in its appearance. The roofs 
of several portions of the building, such as the vestibules, 
nave, sanctuaries, &c., being of different levels, impart a pic- 
turesque appearance to the whole structure. There is a large 
and massive tower in the centre of the front, which is at 
present one hundred and twenty-five feet high; but, when 

26* 



306 PHILADELPHIA AS IT IS. 

finislied according to the design of the architect, it will reach 
the height of two hundred and twenty feet. In the basement 
story is a chapel, capable of accommodating four hundred per- 
sons, and two apartments appropriated to the use of the Sunday 
schools. The main story is very rich and grand in appearance. 
The height of the interior is forty-four feet, the entablature 
and the panelled and coved ceiling being supported by a multi- 
tude of fluted Composite pilasters, three feet wide, which are 
raised upon panelled pedestals, nine feet high. The sanctuary 
in the east end is thirty-five feet deep, within the ceiling, and 
is ornamented with windows filled with beautifully-stained 
glass. There are three altars. The high altar is of Italian 
marble, the table of which is supported upon eight Doric 
columns. The tabernacle represents a cyclostyle Corinthian 
temple. Under the table of the altar, and between the 
columns, is a marble sarcophagus. This church could accom- 
modate two thousand persons; but from the ample dimensions 
of the pews and aisles, the number of seats is considerably 
limited. The whole of the superstructure was designed and 
erected by N. Le Brun, Esq. In the architectural portion of 
the building, the proportions and arrangements are exact and 
skilful, whilst the decorative part is equally to be admired. 

Attached to this church are several buildings for the accom- 
modation of the religious order of the Redemptionists, who have 
the church under charge. One of these buildings — that on 
the south side — is designed and built, although on a limited 
scale, according to the rules required for monastic establish- 
ments. 

Church op the Assumption, Spring Garden above Eleventh 
Street, is a new building, much noted for its rich and imposing 
appearance. It is constructed of brown stone, in the decorated 
Gothic style of architecture. 

St. Ann's Church, Eichmond. 



BAPTIST CHURCHES. 307 

St. Michael's Church, Jeflferson and Hancock Street, 
Kensington. 

To the above may be added, St. Mary's Church, Pas- 
syunk Road; Catholic Church at Nicetown, N. L. ; German 
Catholic Church, at Bridesburg; Catholic Church at 
Germantown; Catholic Church at Frankford; Catholic 
Church, Robison Street, Manayunk; St. Mary's Church, 
Oak Street, Manayunk ; and the new Catholic Church, in 
Chestnut Street, West Philadelphia. 

baptist churches. 

The first settlers of this respectable denomination who arrived 
in Philadelphia, came from Radnorshire, in England, and 
Killarney, in Ireland, in the year 1686. This infant colony 
settled on the banks of the Pennypack Creek. 

In 1698, nine persons assembled in Philadelphia, and formed 
themselves into a church, under the pastoral charge of Dr. 
John Watts. Their early meetings were held in the " Old 
Barbadoes lot store," on the corner of Second and Chestnut 
Streets. They subsequently united their interest with the 
Presbyterians, so as to meet in the same building for worship, 
as often as either could procure a preacher. This partnership 
continued for about three years, when the society under notice 
removed to "Anthony Morris's brewhouse," which was occu- 
pied occasionally as a mariner's chapel. This building stood 
on the east side of Water Street, near Dock Creek. In this 
humble location they continued their labours until the year 
1707, when, by invitation of the followers of George Keith, 
they united in erecting a more commodious place of meeting, 
on the site of the present First Baptist Church, in Lagrange 
Place, Second below Arch Street. Here they continued to 
worship, the Keithians uniting with them, until the year 1731, 



308 PHILADELPHIA AS IT IS. 

when, the building being too small, it was removed, and a 
much larger one erected. This edifice has subsequently been 
enlarged. 

The Baptists, in olden times, performed the solemn rite of 
immersion in the River Schuylkill, at the foot of Spruce Street. 
The place was long celebrated for rural beauty. It is described 
by a gentleman, in 1770, as being "a, spot where immense 
trees, principally oaks, afford a fine shade, while all around is 
yariegated with shrubs and wild flowers. Near the water is a 
large stone, elevated about three feet, made level on the top 
by art, with steps hewn out at one side to ascend.'' Around 
this druidical pulpit the people assembled to pray, and upon it 
the preacher stood to address them. This was not only a con- 
venient place for the purpose of baptism, but was also a de- 
lightful resort in summer. The British army, in 1777, 
destroyed the grove for fuel, and the place is now occupied by 
coal wharves, in one of which "the stone of witness" is buried 
for ever. 

The following comprises the churches of this communion in 
Philadelphia at present : 

The First Baptist Church, Lagrange Place, Second 
below Arch Street. 

Second Baptist Church, Fifth below Carpenter Street, 
South wark. 

Sansom Street Baptist Church, Sansom above Eighth 
Street, from the originality of its design, deserves particular 
notice. The building is a rotunda, surmounted by a dome, 
crowned with a neat and ornamental cupola. The walls are 
of brick, and the dome is constructed upon the principle 
adopted in that of the famous Halle de Ble, at Paris. Above 
the walls, which are fifty feet high, three risers encircle the 
edifice, before the swell of the dome appears. In front and 
rear of the rotunda, square projections come forward, — that in 



BAPTIST CHURCHES. 309 

• 

front to afford a vestibule and passage-way for the stairs 
leading to the galleries, and that in the rear to provide space 
for the vestry-rooms, &c. 

The front consists of a recessed portico, flanked by wings, 
which are surmounted by cupolas. The principal entrance is 
by a flight of marble steps, into the portico, — which is of the 
Ionic order. On the east and west ends of this portico, are 
the stairs, leading to the upper part of the building. In front 
is the large door, leading to the baptistery and pulpit ; east 
and west aisles run parallel with this. The baptistery is in 
the centre of the circle, surrounded by an open balustrade. 
The pulpit, at the south end, is supported by a screen of 
columns. The galleries encircle the nave of the church, 
except that section occupied by the pulpit. The pews in the 
body of the building, are so disposed as to run parallel with 
its transverse diameter. The number of these pews, together 
with those in the galleries, is three hundred and twenty, 
which, with the free sittings, will contain with comfort, up- 
wards of two thousand, five hundred persons. The structure 
is amply lighted by large square windows below, and an arcad e 
of semicircular windows above the galleries. The lintels of 
the dome light the centre, and ventilate the whole church . 
The base of the dome is encompassed by a broad dental band, 
mouldings, &c. The soffit of the cupola is also enriched with 
mouldings. The design of this building was furnished by 
Mr. Mills ; the first American architect, regularly educated to 
the profession, in this city. He studied under Mr. Latrobe. 

Third Baptist Church, Second below Queen Street. 

Spruce Street Baptist Church, Spruce above Fourth 
Street. This building, as it now stands, forms the most pro- 
minent architectural feature of the line of Spruce Street. 
The original edifice, erected in 1829, was considered a credi- 
table specimen of church architecture of that date. 



310 



PHILADELPHIA AS IT IS. 




SPRUCE STREET BAPTIST CHURCH. 



The alterations which impart its present imposing appear- 
ance, consist in a large addition to the north end, and an entire 
remodelling of the interior and exterior. The new front, from 
the design of T. U. "Walter, Esq., United States Architect, at 
Washington, and executed by his successor in Philadelphia, 



BAPTIST CHURCHES. 311 

R. Morris Smitla, consists ofa basement of Connecticut granite, 
11 feet 6 inches in height, over which rises a principal story 
or order, and an attic order. The principal story is 28 feet 6 
inches in height, flanked by two square projections, and pene- 
trated in the centre by the great entrance door, which is 20 feet 
in height, with an entablature resting on heavy consoles. This 
story finishes in a cornice supported by plain console-modillions, 
and is surmounted by the attic order. The cornice of this last, 
forming the sky-outline of the building, is of a bold and simple 
character. Two cupolas, rising to a total height of ninety feet 
above the pavement, adorn and finish the front, and form 
prominent and picturesque objects in any point of view. 

The interior, executed from the designs and under the super- 
intendcDce of R. Morris Smith, is governed by the same cha- 
racter of massive grandeur which marks the exterior. While 
an appropriate style reigns throughout, the ceiling is beauti- 
fully enriched : it is one of the most pleasing in the city ; 
where, in this portion of the structure, a striking effect has been 
attained in the small height of two feet, limited by the position 
of the old joists and window-openings, by the following simple 
arrangement. A cornice of three feet projection runs along the 
tops of the windows, and sustains beyond it a range of raised 
panelling around the room, perforated by caissons. The large 
ventilator in the centre is surrounded by a circle of radiating, 
enriched panels. Light to the north gallery has been ob- 
tained through the caissons of the ceiling, from a sky-light in 
the roof. 

Schuylkill Baptist Church, corner of Lombard and 
Ashton Streets. 

Tabernacle Baptist Church, Schuylkill Sixth above 
Chestnut Street. 

German Baptist Church, Crown near Callowhill Street. 



312 PHILADELPHIA AS IT IS. 

New Market Street Baptist Church, New Market above 
Noble Street. 

Hope Baptist Church, New Market above Poplar Street, 
Northern Liberties. 

Tenth Baptist Church, Eigbth above Green Street. 

Eleventh Baptist Church, Eleventh between Race and 
Yine Street, the last two are beautiful structures, in the mo- 
dern style. 

Mount Tabor Baptist Church, Sixth near Poplar Street 
Northern Liberties. 

Twelfth Baptist Church, Queen near Shackamaxon Street, 
Kensington. 

Broad Street Baptist Church. — This is a new building, 
in the Gothic style, which, when completed, will be highly 
ornamental to the beautiful neighbourhood of its location. 
Broad above Coates Street. 

North Baptist Church, Sixth Street, near Girard Avenue, 
Spring Garden. 

West Kensington Baptist Church, Hancock above 
Franklin Street, Kensington. 

West Philadelphia Baptist Church. — This is a beau- 
tiful building, occupying one of the finest locations in the 
vicinity of Philadelphia, Chestnut below Park Street, Hamilton 
Village. In addition to these, there is a Baptist Church in 
Holmesburg, one in Frankford, one in Blockley, one in Box- 
borough, one in Germantown, one on Passyunk Road, and one 
near Milestown. 

The First African Baptist Church, Eleventh near 
Pearl Street. 

The Second African Baptist Church, Little Pine 
Street. 

The Clifton Street African Baptist Church, Clifton 
near Pine Street. 



BAPTIST PUBLICATION SOCIETY. 813 

The Fourth African Baptist Church, Lawrence Court. 

American Baptist Publication Society, Office and De- 
pository, 118 Mulberry or Arch Street. This Society was 
formed in 1839, its object being the publication and circulation 
of Baptist books and periodicals. The receipts for the year 
1851, were $40,597 71, of which $18,098 were from book 
sales. The cash receipts from business operations paid all the 
expenses incurred in stereotyping, printing, binding, salaries 
of officers, &c. During the same year sixteen new publications 
were stereotyped or printed, embracing 2708 pages, together 
with 17,250 copies of the Baptist Almanac, and 20,000 copies 
of the Baptist Record. The present value in books, &c., is 
$12,888, and in stereotype plates, $11,100. 

The Association employ twenty-seven colporteur missiona- 
ries, in seven states, Canada, and Oregon, in circulating these 
works; while nineteen ministers and Sunday school libra- 
ries have been furnished. In 1851, grants of books, &c., 
were made to the destitute in twenty-three states, also to 
foreign lands, — viz.. South America, Hayti, France, Greece, 
China, Assam, Birmah, &c. 

The Society's building is a new and ornamental edifice, con- 
structed of brown sandstone. The fagade has a pleasing ap- 
pearance, without being too ornate or expensive. The structure 
is four stories high, the first of which is occupied as the Depo- 
sitory ; the second embraces the Managers' room, and the office 
of the Corresponding Secretary. The upper floors are used as 
store-rooms, &c. We understand that it is in contemplation 
to erect an addition to the rear of the present building, so as 
to have all the work of the establishment done under the imme- 
diate supervision of the officers. 

The periodicals of this Society, published in Philadelphia, 
are. The Christian Chronicle, an able weekly, edited by Messrs. 
W. B. Jacobs and H. Lincoln, The Mother's Journal, published 

27 



314 PHILADELPHIA AS IT IS. 

monthly, edited by Mrs. M. J. Clark, and The Baptist Record, 
a quarterly, edited by T. S. Malcolm and I. N. Brown, Esqs. 

METHODIST CHURCHES. 

The first establishment of this communion in Philadelphia, 
was in the year 1769, by the Rev. Mr. Pilmore, then quite a 
young man, who was sent to this city as a missionary, by the 
Rev. John Wesley. Mr. Pilmore preached his first sermon 
from the State House steps, in Chestnut Street. He was 
early assisted in his pious labours by a British officer, named 
Webb, represented as a perfect Whitfield in declamation. The 
exertions of these gentlemen were attended with the most be- 
neficial results, in the reformation of the poorer classes, to 
whom they generally addressed themselves. We are told that 
many districts, proverbial for licentiousness, became, through 
their influence, examples of morality. The early meetings of 
this Society were held at an inn, situated in a court, which 
formerly ran from Arch to Cherry, near Fourth Street. The 
first building owned by them was the present St. Greorge's 
Church, Fourth near New Street. They purchased it in an 
unfinished state, the building having been previously occupied 
by the British, as a cavalry riding-school. This church was 
long a cold and dreary-looking place, having been fitted up in 
a rough and temporary manner. The pulpit stood about 
twenty feet from the east end ; — a writer notices it as being 
square, not unlike a watch-box with the top sawed 05*. 

During the early history of this Society, it had some re- 
markable revivals. Several eminent preachers from New 
York, Maryland, and New Jersey, frequently came to assist in 
the good work ; among whom, none were more conspicuous 
than the celebrated Benjamin Abbot, of Salem, New Jersey. 
He delighted to come over, as he said, to assist in keeping alive 



METUODIST CHURCHES. 315 

the fire kindled in the church at Philadelphia. Mr. Watson, in 
his ^'Annals/' describes Mr. Abbot as an aged disciple, with 
large and heavy eyebrows, eyes of flame, robust body, and great 
strength of voice, which, when exerted to the utmost while 
preaching, and an occasional stamp of the foot, '^ made the 
house ring." His eloquence is represented as fire, running 
through the assembly, his voice, like a trumpet sounding to 
battle, amid the shouts of victory and the cries of the van- 
quished. 

The clergymen of this branch of the Christian church at 
present in Philadelphia, are generally men of talent, inferior 
to none in fervour and devotion to their high calling. Their 
labours are eminently successful, — few churches in our city 
being more frequented by larger or more intelligent audiences ; 
none include more active members. 

The church edifices belonging to this communion, are more 
remarkable for convenience than for ornamental display; yet 
some of them can boast of considerable architectural beauty. 

The following list will be found to comprise all those of this 
denomination in Philadelphia. 

St. George's Church, Fourth below New Street. This 
was the first established Methodist meeting-house in this city. 

Salem Church, is a neat brick building, constructed in the 
modern style, on the north side of Lombard, between Thirteenth 
and Broad Streets. 

Nazareth Church, Thirteenth below Vine Streets. 

Union Church, Fourth below Arch Street, is one of the 
most elegant and commodious meeting-houses in the city. 

Trinity Church, Eighth above Kace Street, is the most 
beautiful Methodist church in Philadelphia. It diff'ers from 
the others of this Society, in having pews instead of free 
sittings. 

Western Church, Schuylkill Third below Walnut Street. 



316 



PHILADELPHIA AS IT IS. 




T E I N I T Y METHODIST C H U R C II. 



Fifth Street Church, Fifth near Green Street. 

Eighth Street Church, Eighth near Noble Street. 

Harmony Church, New Market above Laurel Street. 

St. John's Church, Third below George Street. 

Sanctuary Church, Fifth below Girard Street. 

Parrish Street Church, Parrish and Eighth Streets. 

Twelfth Street Church, Twelfth and Ogden Street. 

German Methodist Church, Second above Poplar Street. 

Old Brick Church, Queen and Marlborough Street. 

Methodist Church, Callowhill near Schuylkill Fourth 
Street. 

St. John's Church, northeast corner of Shippen and Penn 
Streets. 

Mount Zion Church, Monroe Street. 



LUTHERAN CHURCHES. 



317 



Wharton Street Church, Wharton near Third Street. 
Independent Church, Fifth below Washington Street. 
Ebenezer Church, Christian below Fourth Street. 
St. Paul's Church, Catharine above Sixth Street. 
John Wesley Church (African), Shippen above Seventh 

Street. 
Little Wesley Church (African), Hurst below Lombard 

Street. 

ZoAR Church (African), Brown below Fourth Street. 

Methodist Church (African), Fifth and Coates Street. 

Bethel Church (African), Sixth above Lombard Street. 

Union Methodist Church (African), Little Pine above 
Sixth Street. 

Methodist Church (African), Locust Street, West Phila- 
delphia. 

To the above list may be added twenty-one churches, dis- 
tributed throughout the county, — making a total of fifty-three 
buildings. 

LUTHERAN CHURCHES. 

The first church of this communion in Philadelphia was 
erected in 1743. It yet remains, in Fifth above Arch Street. 
This antique edifice is seventy-two feet by forty-four, and 
twenty-two feet high to the eaves. During the occupancy of 
the city by the British, in 1777, it was the garrison-church -, 
and, after the victory achieved by the Army of Independence 
at Yorktown, Congress went to it in a body, to return thanks 
to G-od. For a long period the services in this church were 
performed in the German language; but, owing to the in- 
creased number of members who did not learn the language of 
their ancestors, an attempt was made to have the services per- 
formed, at least once a day, in the English language. This 

27* 



318 



PHILADELPHIA AS IT IS. 




ST. mark's chukch. 



measure was resisted, and, in consequence, a large party with- 
drew, and erected tlie elegant 

St. John's Church, in Race Street, between Fifth and 
Sixth Streets. This is an imposing edifice, in the Roman 
style of architecture ; it is of brick, one hundred feet by sixty- 
seven. 

ZiON Church, situated on the southeast corner of Cherry 
and Fourth Streets, is one of the most substantially-erected 
and commodious churches in Philadelphia. It is also of 
brick, of the Roman style, and is one hundred and seven feet 
long, seventy-one broad, and forty-four feet to the spring 
of the roof. It was intended to surmount this edifice with a 
steeple, the tower of which was partly erected with the build- 



GERMAN REFORMED CHURCHES. 319 

ing in 1766. In 1777, the British army removed the pews, 
and occupied the building as a temporary hospital. This 
church was destroyed by fire on the 26th of December, 1794 ; 
but the walls remaining entire and sound, it was rebuilt and 
much improved in 1795. The organ is one of the largest and 
best-toned in the city. 

St. Matthew's Church, New below Fourth Street. 

German Lutheran Church, Fourth below Thompson 
Street. 

Zion and St. Michael's, Brown and St. John Streets. 

St. Mark's Church. — This is a new and beautiful build- 
ing, situated on the south side of Spring Garden Street, west 
of Thirteenth Street. It is a brick structure, masticated. The 
front presents a fine specimen of the Romanesque style of ar- 
chitecture, characterized at once for simplicity and taste. 

Lutheran Church, Queen and Main Streets, German- 
town. 

St. Michael's Church, Main Street, Germantown. 

There is also a Lutheran Church in Frankford, one in Box- 
borough, and one in Passyunk. 

GERMAN REFORMED CHURCHES. 

The early establishment of this denomination in Philadel- 
phia County was in Germantown, where they erected a meet- 
ing-house in 1733. 

The First German Reformed Church erected in our 
city was in Race below Fourth Street, in 1747. This edifice 
was octagonal in form, surmounted by a spire. It was removed 
in 1762, and a more commodious one erected, which, in 1837, 
gave place to the present neat brick structure. 

German Reformed Church, St. John near Green Street. 

There is also a German Reformed Church in Manayunk, 
and one in Roxborough. 



320 



PHILADELPHIA AS IT IS. 



DUTCH REFORMED CHURCHES. 



The First Dutch Keformed Church, Crown above Race 
Street, is a brick building, ninety by sixty feet. 




SECOND DUTCH KEFORMED CHURCH. 



The Second Dutch Reformed Church, corner of Tenth 
and Filbert Streets, is a fine building. The fagade, on 
Tenth Street, is ornamented with a beautiful Doric portico, 
resting on an elevated base. The interior will compare with 
that of any other church in the city, in point of taste and 
finish. 



UNIVERSALIST CHURCHES. 321 



MORAVIAN CHURCH. 

The first congregation of this communion that settled in 
North America, came from Berthelsdorf, a village belonging 
to Count Zinzendorf, in Upper Lusatia, whence they were ex- 
pelled by the Elector of Saxony. The instructions given to 
these exiles by the Count is worthy of notice. " Submit your- 
selves/' he said, " in all things, to the guidance of Grod ; pre- 
serve your liberty of conscience ; but avoid all religious dis- 
putes. Ever keep in view the call given you by God, — to 
preach the gospel of Christ to the heathen; and, further, en- 
deavour as much as possible to earn your own bread." The 
first colony arrived in Pennsylvania in 1738, the larger portion 
of which settled at Bethlehem. In 1742, the members of the 
Society who had remained in Philadelphia erected the church 
which still stands on the corner of Race and Bread Streets. 
The Moravians, though few in number when compared with 
other sects, are yet noted for piety and industry. The burial- 
ground belonging to this church is situated on the corner of 
Vine and Franklin Streets. 

UNIVERSALIST CHURCHES. 

The First Universalist Church is situated in Lombard 
above Fourth Street. 

The Second Universalist Church, Callowhill between 
Fourth and Fifth Streets. Both of these buildings are of 
brick; the latter roughcast, in imitation of marble. This 
building is eighty feet long, sixty wide, and thirty-four high 
to the spring of the roof. The interior is neat, and the pulpit 
is handsomely decorated. 

The Third Universalist Church is a plain structure, 
situated in Phoenix near Amber Street, Kensington. 



322 



PHILADELPHIA AS IT IS. 



The Fourth Universalist Church, situated in Locust 
above Thirteenth Street, is a new edifice, in the Collegiate 
Gothic style, erected from designs by Mr. Walter. 




THE UNITARIAN CHURCH. 



The Unitarian Church, situated on the corner of Tenth 
and Locust Streets, is a beautiful building in the Grecian 
style. 



HEBREW synagogues. 

The First Synagogue erected in the city, is situated in 
Cherry near Third Street. 



HEBREW SYNAGOGUES. 



323 




THE THIP^D SYNAGOGUE. 



The Second Synagogue, situated in Juliana above Wood 
Street. 

The Third Synagogue, in Crown below Vine Street. 
This last is a new and imposing building, constructed of brown 
stone, in the Egyptian style. 



324 PHILADELPHIA AS IT IS. 

The Bible Christians have a churcli, situated in Third 
below Thompson Street. 

The Disciples of Christ, Fifth and Graskill Streets. 

The Covenanters have two places of worship in Phila- 
delphia, — one in Schuylkill Sixth near Race Street, and the 
other in Cherry Street, between Tenth and Eleventh Streets. 

The Menonists' or Dunkers' Church, in Germantown, 
has been established from an early day. 

New Jerusalem Church, Fourth below German Street 
Southwark. A Society of this denomination meet for worship 
at present, in Sansom Street Hall. 

In addition to the above religious societies in this city, 
there is the Union Chapel, Chestnut Hill, The Church of 
the United Brethren, Clinton above Poplar Street, and 
the Mariners' Church, Water near Chestnut Street. 



the bible. 

Around the Bible centre a thousand lovely associations, 
thoughts, and feelings. It is the source of all true and lasting 
knowledge — the only true guide to happiness. The blessings 
of liberty and civilization cluster around and lie in its path. 
Where the Bible is read, there are wholesome laws, civil pros- 
perity, and social endearments. It is a teacher in schools, a 
counsellor in senates, and a cheerful friend at the fireside. It 
gives wisdom to the ignorant, confidence to the doubting, joy 
to the comfortless, light to the straying, and hope to the hope- 
less. 

The diffusion of the Bible in our midst, together with the 
means of its distribution, are here noticed. 

The first of these Institutions to which we direct attention, is 

The Pennsylvania Bible Society, which was established 



BIBLE SOCIETIES. 325 

forty-three years ago. This noble Association has circulated in 
this state, since 1840, about 500,000 copies of the Sacred Scrip- 
tures. The number issued during the past year, was 38,583. 
The receipts in the same period, have amounted to $26,897 85. 
It has in connexion with it 120 auxiliaries throughout the 
state. 

Orders and communications should be addressed to Wilfred 
Hall, Depository Agent, 144 Chestnut Street. 

The Philadelphia Bible Society, formed in 1838, 
stands in the position of a county organization. Its particular 
duty is the supplying of those who are destitute of the Scrip- 
tures within the streets, courts, lanes, and alleys of Philadel- 
phia. The hardy sons of the deep are also the subjects of its 
peculiar care. We may here remark, that " The Book," is 
published in all the modern languages, so that emigrants and 
sailors, from all climes, can be supplied with it in their own 
tongue. 

During the past year, Bibles and Testaments have been dis- 
tributed in the German, Swedish, Danish, Italian, Portuguese, 
Greek, and Welsh languages. This Society employs four col- 
porteurs, or missionaries, in this good work. 

The Female Bible Society of Philadelphia, insti- 
tuted April 24th, 1814. The members of this Association 
not only contribute their money, but aid in the circulation of 
the Bible personally. The Society is divided into a number 
of auxiliaries, distributed throughout the county, each of 
which is a separate and distinct organization, yet united in a 
bond of general union for mutual support. These auxiliaries 
are, the Northwestern, Southwestern, Southeastern, South- 
wark, Moyamensing, West Kensington, and Spring Garden 
Societies. 

All communications to these Bible Societies, should be ad- 
dressed to the Depository, 144 Chestnut Street. 

28 



326 PHILADELPHIA AS IT IS. 

In addition to those mentioned, there are The Northern 
Liberties Bible Society, GtErmantown Female Bible 
Society, Frankford Bible Society, and Manayunk and 
RoxBOROUGH Female Bible Society. 

We may here remark, for general information, that the 
various Bible societies established since 1804, in different 
parts of the world, have issued no less than 40,000,000 copies 
of the Holy Scriptures, — the United States raising alone for 
that noble cause, during the past year, $1,750,000. It is 
printed in no less than 130 different languages, now spoken 
by the principal varieties of the human family. 

The Bible Association of the Friends in America, 
was founded in 1829, for the purpose of encouraging ''a, wider 
circulation, as well as a more frequent and serious perusal, 
of the Sacred Scriptures, among such as are members of the 
Religious Society of Friends, and also, as its funds will permit, 
to other persons." 

Since the establishment of this Association, they have 
printed 23,350 copies of the Reference Bible, 12,530 of the 
24mo. school Bible, 15,196 of the 12mo. Testament, and 5,768 
of the 24mo. Testament. These books are circulated through 
auxiliaries in different parts of the continent. 

The Depository is at No. 50 North Fourth Street, above 
Arch. Mr. John Richardson is the agent, to whom communi- 
cations should be addressed. 

religious institutions. 

American Sunday School Union Building, 146 Chestnut 
Street, between Sixth and Seventh Streets. This is a spacious 
and imposing edifice, well adapted to the purpose designed. 
It is a brick structure, five stories high, masticated and 
painted, which much enhances its general appearance. The 
lower story is divided by an entry, leading to the upper part 



MISCELLANEOUS ASSOCIATIONS. 327 

of the building, into two extensive stores, the west one of 
which is occupied by the Society as their Depository and Pub- 
lication Office. 

Few institutions in our city are better calculated to promote 
the cause of Christianity than the one under notice. Its 
influence is not bounded by ^^ locality'-' or "sect;'' it is truly 
American. 

The "■ Union" was formed in 1824, by the combination of 
several local associations, having for their object " The con- 
centration of the efforts of Sunday School societies in different 
sections of the United States, together with the diffusion of 
useful information by moral and religious publications, mis- 
sions," &c. 

According to the Constitution, the Union is composed of 
the various evangelical denominations. No control is assumed 
by it over any school whatever, the principal and primary 
object being to aid and encourage the establishment of Sab- 
bath Schools throughout the United States, without any inter- 
ference in their future organization or government. 

MISCELLANEOUS ASSOCIATIONS. 

Masonic Lodges.— These, at present, include a Grand 
Lodge, three Mark Lodges, a Grand Chapter, three subordi- 
nate Chapters, and twenty-three subordinate Lodges, in Phila- 
delphia and adjoining districts. 

The Masonic Hall is situated in Third Street, between 
Walnut and Spruce Streets. 

In the year 1809, the large Gothic edifice on Chestnut 
Street, between Seventh and Eighth Streets, known as " The 
Masonic Hall," was erected. We learn that the Order have 
in contemplation the removal of this building, and the erection 
on its site of another, which will be, not only more adapted to 



328 



PHILADELPHIA AS IT IS. 



the accommodation of the numerous lodges, &c., but an orna- 
ment to the city. 

Independent Order of Odd Fellows. — Of this excellent 
Order, there are one hundred and fourteen Lodges, embracing 
over twenty thousand members, in the city and adjoining dis- 
tricts. Many of the halls erected in different sections of Phi- 
ladelphia County, for the use and accommodation of the Order, 
are beautiful, chaste, and commodious buildings. The most 
prominent of these is the 




-=ZBri^H^mv^ 



ODD FELLOWS UALL. 



Odd Fellows' Hall, Sixth Street between Arch and Race 
Streets. This structure, sixty-two feet front by one hundred 
in depth, is quite imposing in its appearance. 

Odd Fellows' Hall, Third and Brown Streets, Northern 
Liberties, is also an elegant building, in the Egyptian style of 
architecture. 



MISCELLANEOUS ASSOCIATIONS. 329 

Odd Fellows' Hall, Broad and Spring Garden Streets. — 
This new hall, creditable to the enterprise of the Order, and 
an ornament to its vicinity, was erected in 1851. In addition 
to these, there is a hall, erected in 1850, at the corner of 
Tenth and South Streets ; one in Third below German Street ; 
one in West Philadelphia, one in Germantown, one in Rox- 
borough, and two in Manayunk. 

Among the many associations in Philadelphia, we may 
mention. The United Order of American Mechanics, 
The Druids, The Independent Order of Good Fellows, 
and The Improved Order of Red Men, as worthy of parti- 
cular regard, being organized for the purpose of cultivating 
the principles of Friendship and Benevolence among their 
members. 

The Mutual Beneficial Societies in Philadelphia are, 
also, exceedingly numerous. Their names alone would far 
surpass our limits. 

Temperance Societies. — We rejoice to sec this cause 
again awakening a lively interest in our city, where it ever 
has had many ardent friends. Among the Temperance orga- 
nizations in Philadelphia, The Order of the Sons of TexM- 
perance. The Independent Order of Good Samaritans, 
The Cadets of Temperance, The Pupils of Temperance, 
The Daughters of Temperance, and The Daughters of 
Samaria, are worthy of notice. These and kindred associa- 
tions are the pioneers of a glorious, peaceful age. When we 
reflect on the vast sums that have been squandered in intoxi- 
cating drink, which has been the means of so much misery, wick- 
edness, and brutality — how Intemperance stands in the way of 
man's social progress— how it thwarts every good and bene- 
volent design — what innocence it has defiled — what hopes 
blighted, and homes made desolate,— can we do otherwise than 

wish them God speed? 

28* 



330 PHILADELPHIA AS IT IS. 

JOHN McARTHUR, Jr., 

ARCHITECT, 
Office No. 16 Mercantile Library Buildings. 

WILLIAM H. REASE, 



LITHOGRAPHER 



No. 17 South Fifth Street, above Chestnut. 



WILLIAM E. ROaERS, 
artists' colours, 

Chestnut Street, Art Union Building. 



JOSEPH T. K. HAND, 
manufacturing jeweller, 

No. 10 Minor Street. 



HENRY L. GADECKEN, 
manufacturing jeweller. 

No. 6 North Ninth, and Southwest corner of Fifth and Market Sts. 

y. B. PALMER, 

advertising and subscription agency, 

N. W. corner of Third and Chestnut Streets. 

A. J. CHAUVEAU, 

(successor to s. henrion,) 
wholesale and retail confectioner. 

No. 242 Market Street. 

A. L. YANSANT, 
confectioner and fruiterer. 

No. 222 Chestnut Street, below Ninth. 



ISAAC S. WILLIAMS, 



importer and manufacturer of planished, japanned, 

AND plain tin- ware. 
No. 256 Market Street, below Eighth. 



LAUREL HILL CEMETERY. 331 



CHAPTER IX. 

CEMETERIES OF PHILADELPHIA AND ITS VICINITY. 

Some of these cemeteries are the "loveliest spots upon 
earth/' and they ought to be so. We love the beautiful while 
living, and it is a pleasing thought that when our journey is 
over, we shall be laid amid the loveliness of Nature. Alex- 
ander Wilson's last wish was to be laid beneath a shady 
tree, where the songsters that charmed him while living, might 
come and sing around his tomb F Poor Wilson ! even your 
last hope on earth has been disappointed ; few birds carol around 
your grave. The solitude you loved has long ago deserted 
your lowly bed.* 

We propose to notice some of the most prominent cemeteries 
in our city and its vicinity. 

laurel hill CEMETERY.f 

" Here may the heart, half desolate and broken, 
Far from the city's pomp its vigil keep, 
And wreath with fairest flowers, aflfection's token, 
The pale, cold marble, where its loved ones sleep." 

This cemetery is beautifully situated between the Ridge 
Road and the Ri^er Schuylkill, about three and a half miles 
from Philadelphia. It consists of two sections, designated re- 
spectively North and South Laurel Hill. 

* Alexander Wilson, the Ornithologist, died in this city in the year 1814, and is 
buried in the Swedes' Churchyard, Southwark, The testimonial to his memory is a 
plain marble slab, easily distinguished among the few humble monuments in that 
old ground. 

t From "The Cemeteries of Philadelphia," a new work, preparing for the press by 
R. A. Smith, the first part of which, "Laurel Hill Cemetery," will be published at an 
early day. 



PHILADELPHIA AS IT IS. 



J. & M. BAIRD, 

ARBLl! WORKS, 

spring Garden Street, above Ridge Road, 
|)l)ilabclpl)ia. 




Constantly on hand, a large assortment of Monuments and Grave- 
stones, of the most approved designs and handsomest description of 
American and Italian Marble ; also a large number of beautiful de- 
signs for Monuments, &c., from which Purchasers can make selection, 
and have the work completed in the best manner, at the shortest notice. 

IMPORTED GARDEN STATUARY AND VASES. 

©IF (SEa^^ilf© m)IliII©M^3 
AND FINEST QUALITY OF MARBLE. 

The Trade furnished with all kinds of Marble, in the block, or cut to 
sizes for Monuments or other purposes. 

JOHN BAIRD. MATTHEW BAIRD. 

SPRING GARDEN STREET, ABOVE RIDGE ROAD. 



LAUREL HILL CEMETERY. 



333 




BRICh TL r DtL . 'v 



LAUREL HILL CEMETERY. 



The grounds of the North section (which first claims our 
attention) are substantially enclosed, and the whole plot sur- 
veyed into lots of various dimensions, from eighty to one 
thousand square feet. The improvements consist of an elegant 
entrance, constructed of brown stone, in the Doric style; a 
Gothic chapel ; the superintendent's residence ) a spacious re- 
ceiving vault ; an observatory, commanding a charming view 
of the river and opposite shore; stabling, &c., sufficient to 
accommodate over forty carriages; and a hot-house, where 
flowers, plants, and shrubs of every variety are cultivated with 
the greatest care. The entrance on the Ridge Road presents 
a bold and commanding appearance, through which is a vista 
of remarkable beauty. On each side are lodges for the accom- 
modation of the attendants, &c. 



oo- 



PIIILADELPHIA AS IT IS. 



M. "WAiiKEit & soirs, 

IVortlieast comer of Sixth and Market Streets^ 

MANUFACTURERS OF THE 

FATSNT VCrROUGKT IROIT RAILZIVG, 

C^ cXa cXa c^ t^r> cJk^ cXd cXo c^-> c 




For Cemeteries, Public Grounds, Cottages, Verandas, and "Window 
Guards, &c., &c., &c. 

This article is superseding every other kind of Fencing, being 
cheaper in proportion to its strength, and much more durable. Also, 
a new article of 

entirely of Wrought Iron, at prices from One Dollar and fifty cents, 
and upwards, for rods of sixteen feet. 

MYRON SHEW, 

''^ *1^ 1^ ''^ 'fL ''^ ''^ ''^ !!i^ ''"'Jv "'"^ '^1 \ ^ '"'^ 

''liiiii< kit Km "'mli 'umul ''iiii:iii ''>uiiiiii 'liituii ^ ''lui '<u 'nil 'km 'w ''liu l]i\ 

k 

AND DEALER IN 

DAGUERREOTYPE APPARATUS. PLATES, CASES. CHEMICALS. ETC., 
No. 118 Chestnut Street. 



A great variety of Fancy Cases, Papier Mache, inlaid with pearl, 
Turkey Morocco, velvet Book Cases, Lockets, &c., constantly on hand. 

J|@^ This being the only establishment in the city of Philadelphia 
where all materials used in the Daguerreotype business are kept 
constantly on hand, for sale, persons wanting a supply will find it 
to their interest to call direct, where they are sure of finding all 
articles required. 



LAUREL HILL CEMETERY. 



335 




The first object of 
attraction, on passing 
through the gate, is 
the celebrated group of 
Thorn, representing Old 
Mortality, his Pony, 
and Sir Walter Scott. 
The reader will find the 
scene in Sir Walter 
Scott's historical tale of 
" Old Mortality.'' 
To the north of this 
effort of " the Burns of Sculpture," is the Godfrey Monu- 
ment, a beautiful obelisk, ornamented by a ship and a quad- 
rant. Near the monument is the original gravestone, much 



336 PHILADELPHIA AS IT IS. 

JOSEPH M. OLIVER, 

CONFECTIONER AND FRUITERER, 
No. 248 Market Street, between Seventh and Eiglith. 

C. BENKERT, 

FASHIONABLE BOOT MAKER, 



No. 40 South Fourth Street, above Chestnut. 



THEO. MEOAROEE, 

WHOLESALE AND RETAIL PAPER MERCHANT, 
No. 3 Decatur Street. 

a. W. p. MONROE, 

WHOLESALE AND RETAIL PAPER MERCHANT, 
No. 19 St. James Street, between Sixth and Seventh. 

REAZER^S WRITING ACADEMY, 

No. 179 Chestnut Street, opposite the State House. 

JOHN M. aUMMEY, 

REAL ESTATE BROKER, 
No. 8 South Seventh Street. 

JAMES SHERIDAN, 

MERCHANT TAILOR, 

No. 16 South Ninth Street. 

WILLIAM NEILL, 

MERCHANT TAILOR, 
No. 4 South Ninth Street. 

JOHN RORER & SONS, 

SURGICAL INSTRUMENT MANUFACTURERS^ 
No. 28 North Sixth Street. 

JOSEPH RINK, 

TOY AND FANCY STORE, 
No. 230 Chestnut Street. 



LAUREL HILL CEMETERY. 337 

defaced. Beneath these memorials lie the ashes of Thomas 
Godfrey, the inventor of the Mariner's Quadrant, together 
with those of his father and mother. 

The monument was erected by the Mercantile Library Com- 
pany of Philadelphia, aided by citizens of Philadelphia and 
Grermantown, in gratitude for the enduring benefit his inven- 
tion has conferred upon the navigation and commerce of the 
world. 

In the northeast corner of the cemetery is the burial-ground 
attached to St. John's Lutheran Church. 

Following the carriage-road, to the left we view the chaste 
and ornamental tomb of Oscar Douglass, a Philadelphia 
fireman, killed by the falling of a wall, while in the discharge 
of his duty, January 23d, 1841. This monument was erected 
as a tribute to his many virtues, by his fellow-members of the 
Pennsylvania Fire Company. West of this is the rich and 
imposing tribute to the memory of the brave and lamented 
General and Major Twiggs, father and son ; both fell in 
the recent war with Mexico. In this vicinity, too, repose the 
ashes of the poet, the scholar, and divine — Walter Colton. 
A plain obelisk marks his last resting-place. 

Innumerable monuments are tastefully disposed in this 
neighbourhood — some of them being exquisite works of art; 
while trees, shrubs, and flowers, of every variety and hue, 
throw a delicious shade around. Among these tonibs is the 
figure of a lovely child, a master-piece of the celebrated sculp- 
tor, Pettrich. It is much visited, and generally admired. No 
less beautiful, though more humble in pretension, is that to 
'' Our Dear Willie." 

We are now in the vicinity of the Gothic Chapel, the scene 
in front of which is one of unparalleled loveliness. In such a 
pleasing spot, when the birds are singing, and flowers and 
trees present their ever-new verdure, the dreariness of the 

29 



338 PHILADELPHIA AS IT IS. 

ORNAMENTAL IRON WORKS, 

Ridge Koadj above Buttonwood Street; Philadelphia. 

ROBE RT WOOD, 

MANUFACTURES EVERY DESCRIPTION OF 

IRON RAILINGS AND VERANDAS, 

Spiral and Straight Stairs, on an Improved Plan. 

Also, Iron Settees, Chairs, Hat and Umbrella Stands, Centre and 
Pier Tables, Music Stands and Racks, Spittoons, Balcony, Mantel, 
and Pier Brackets, 

IRON STATUARY, GREYHOUNDS, NEWFOUNDLAND DOGS. LIONS. ETC, 
FOUNTAINS AND URNS FOE GARDENS, 

AND A VARIETY OF 

(DrtinmBEtEl Srnn l^nrk, 

ADAPTED TO PRIVATE AND PUBLIC BUILDINGS. 

J^"" Drawings of articles above specified, -will be sent to persons 
desiring to make a selection. 

JARED CRAIG, 

NO. 116 CHESTXarUT STREET, 

(Over Adams's Express,) 

Respectfully informs his friends and the public generally, that 
having enlarged his establishment, he is now prepared to execute, on 
a more extensive scale, all kinds of 

PLAIN AND ORNAMENTAL 

TILINTING, 

SUCH AS 

CARDS, CIRCULARS, CHECKS, 
SHOVTBIIiIiS, HANDBIIiIiS, 

MANUFACTURERS' & APOTHECARIES' LABELS, 

Pamphlets, Catalogues, &c., &c., 
Jl@* At very Lo"w Prices for Cash. ^WSi 



LAUREL HILL CEMETERY. 



339 



grave is lost ; tlie utter oblivion 
that awaits the tenant of the tomb 
is forgotten ; death is here robbed 
of half its terrors. 

Immediately opposite repose the 
remains of General Hugh Mer- 
cer, who fell at the Battle of Prince- 
ton. They were originally interred 
in Christ Church graveyard, Second 
Street, from whence they were re- 
moved to this cemetery on the 26th 
of November, 1840, attended by un- 
usual pomp and funeral ceremony. 
The present elegant monument was 
erected by the St. Andrew's 
Society of Philadelphia, as 
a tribute to the memory of 




an illustrious brother. The decorations are beautifully cut. 
The sword, scabbard, &c., are particularly fine. 



340 PHILADELPHIA AS IT IS. 

COLTON & BUKT, 

GROCERY, TEA, AND WINE WAREHOUSE, 
N. E. corner of Tenth and Chestnut Sts. 

THOMPSON BLACK, 

GROCERY, TEA, AND WINE WAREHOUSE, 
N. W. corner Broad and Chestnut Sts. 

DAVID Z. EVANS, 

GROCERY, TEA, AND WINE WAREHOUSE, 
South Fifth Street, corner of Merchant. 

WHELAN & CO., 

BOOTS, SHOES, AND STRAW GOODS, 
No. 175 Market Street. 

GEO. W. & LEWIS B. TAYLOR, 

BOOTS, SHOES, LEGHORN AND PALM-LEAF HATS, 
No. 168, S. E. corner Market and Fifth Streets. 

HUGHES & TORBEBT, 



CARD AND JOB PRINTERS 



Corner of Third and Dock Streets, Penn Building. 
S. p. WILTBANK, 

STRAW GOODS IMPORTER, 
No. 14 Commerce Street. 

WORRELLS, COATES & CO., 



DRY GOODS IMPORTERS 



No. 13 Church Alley, between Second and Third Streets. 



CHARLES WILLIAMS, 

JE PAPER MANUFACa 
S. E. corner of Sixth and Market Streets. 



MARBLE PAPER MANUFACTURER, 



S. M. DAY, 

COMBS, LOOKING-GLASSES, AND VARIETIES, 

No. 10 North Fourth Street. 



LAUREL HILL CEMETERY. 



341 




In this vicinity may be seen an obelisk, 
bearing an epitaph to the memory of John 
Cook, written by himself, the lettering and 
execution of which is highly creditable to 
the artist, John Eckstein, Esq. The lot 
(too limited in extent and badly arranged 
for the proper exhibition of a monument of 
this description) is enclosed by a tasty and 
substantial iron railing, and embellished 
with some choice shrubs and plants. 

To the right of this, Mr. Louis A. Godey 
has a lot, ornamented with true poetic taste. 
Proceeding westward, the visiter will not fail 
to admire the tomb erected over the remains 
of Joseph S. Lewis. On the south front 
of this elegant monument is an admirable view of Fairmount. 

North from this, is the classic tomb of Commodore Hull, 
executed after the model of that of the Scipios at Rome, with 
the addition of the American Eagle, perched on the centre. 
Beneath this beautiful and appropriate memorial repose the 
ashes of that naval hero, who, by his brilliant triumph, in the 
frigate Constitution, over the British frigate Guerriere, Captain 
Dacres, on the 19th of August, 1812, ''became the precursor 
of that series of victories which immortalized the Navy of the 
United States.'^ The tomb was erected by his widow, as an 
affectionate token to his private virtues. 

In the adjoining lot, to the east of Commodore Hull's tomb, 
rest the remains of Commodore A. Murray. They were 
originally interred in the burial-ground of the First Presby- 
terian Church, Market Street below Third (the site of which 
is now occupied by extensive storehouses), and removed to 
Laurel Hill in 1844, by direction of his family. 

29* 



342 PHILADELPHIA AS IT IS. 

MONUMENTS. 



ARTHUR O'KEEFE, 

MARBLE SCULPTOR, 

Southwest corner of Ridge Road and Broad Streets. 

IMIOZraiMEESTTS, TOMBS; 6t. HEADSTOSTES, 

Of the best material and -workmansMp, cut to order, and warranted 

to give satisfaction. 

MUMFORD & BROTHER, 



No. Ill Chestnut Street. 

(UP STAIRS.) 

Electrotype, or Stereotyping in Copper, by electro-galvanism. By 
this new and beautiful process, wood-cuts, pages of type, paper 
headings, &c., &c., are faithfully Stereotyped in Copper, furnishing a 
perfect fac-simile of the original, however delicate, in a material 
from which millions may be printed without injury. 

MuMFORD & Brother wish particularly to inform the public, that 
the Electrotype process, as practised by them, is entirely distinct from 
that of coating type and other metallic surfaces with a film of copper. 

Electrotypes are copper plates of themselves, and can be made of 
any thickness and form desired. For beauty and durability no ordi- 
nary stereotype can at all compare with them. 

■B1.CH.ILKD II.A.RRIS9 

MUSIC PRINTER, 

No. 116 Chestuut Street (Fifth Story), 

(over Adams's express). 

T. ESMONDE HARPER. DANIEL J. M'LEAN. 

HARPER & M'LEAN, 

ASSAYEES AND DEALERS IN GOLD BULLION, 
Southeast corner of Dock and Walnut Streets. 



LAUREL HILL CEMETERY. 



343 



East from this, beauti- 
fully situated, is the monu- 
ment of Stephen Decatur 
Lavalette, U. S. N. It is 
in the Roman style, and 
consists of a large, square 
pedestal, on which rests a 
block of marble, with medal- 
lions on each side, bearing 
appropriate naval emblems, 
— the flag, anchor, &c., the 
whole surmounted by an 
urn. 

Proceeding to the west- 
ward, immediately over the 
first terrace, is the monu- 
ment erected to the memory 
of Ferdinand Rudolph 
Hassler, a native of Swit- 
zerland, and a distinguished 
citizen of the United States, 
for many years engaged in 
the Coast Survey, as superintendent, for which responsible office 
he was well suited, no less for his learning and scientific re- 
search, than for his natural talents. The memorial consists 
of two pieces of rock in the rough, surmounted by a pedestal 
and urn, elegantly sculptured in marble. Alongside of this 
tomb repose the ashes of Charles A. Hassler, Surgeon 
U. S. N. This gallant officer perished, when returning from 
a protracted cruise, in the noble effort to save the helpless on 
the wreck of the steamer Atlantic, in Long Island Sound, 
November 27th, 1846. 

Proceeding northward, we view the grave of William 




344 nilLADELPHIAASITIS. 

J. H. puaH, 

SILVER PLATER AND BELL-HANGER, 
No. 61 North Sixth Street. 

C. FRED. HUPFELD, Jr., 

MUSIC AND MUSICAL INSTRUMENT IMPORTER, 
Nos. 10 & 12 South Ninth Street, above Chestnut. 

SAMUEL BISPHAM & SONS, 

WHOLESALE GROCERS, 
No. 261 Market Street, North Side, below Seventh. 

CURTIS & CROMWELL, 

WHOLESALE GROCERS, 
No. 48 North Sixth Street, below Arch. 

CALEB CLOTHIER, 

FAMILY FLOUR STORE, 
No. 35 North Fifth Street, above Arch. 

E. S. JONES & CO., 

BOOKSELLERS, 
S. W. corner of Fourth and Race Streets. 

PEARSON & SALLADA, 

WHIP AND CANE MANUFACTURERS, 
Nos. 1 & 3 North Fourth Street. 

CHARLES P. CALDWELL, 

WHIP AND CANE MANUFACTURER, 
No. 4 North Fourth Street, 

ROBERT M. LEE, 

ATTORNEY AT LAW AND RECORDER, 
No. 41 North Sixth Street. 

MICHAEL HOLLES, 

MARBLE SCULPTOR, 
S. W. corner of Schuylkill Sixth and Chestnut Streets. 



LAUREL HILL CEMETERY. 345 

Short, the first citizen who received an appointment to public 
office under the Constitution of the United States — also the 
tomb of the McKean family, where repose the ashes of Thomas 
McKean, one of the signers of the Declaration of Indepen- 
dence, and President of Congress in 1781 ; subsequently Chief 
Justice of the United States and Governor of the State of 
Pennsylvania. His memory will ever be dear to the American 
citizen, and his tomb one of the most interesting objects in 
this cemetery. 

In this vicinity, too, is the last resting-place of John 
Carlton, a native of Salem, Massachusetts, a Major in the 
Army of the Revolution ; and likewise that of J. "W. Cox, 
U. S. N. The memorial to the last-named is a plain shaft, 
surmounted by a Bible and an open Prayer-book. Nearly 
opposite to these is the splendid monument to "William 
Drayton, of South Carolina ; and in the extreme northwest 
corner, that of M. Morgan, M.D., Surgeon U. S. N. 

Dr. Morgan was a favourite in the Navy, and his death was 
much regretted. He died at Pensacola in 1841. The nionu- 
ment was erected by his naval friends, who had his remains 
brought by sea from Florida. The lot is neatly enclosed by 
four cannons, linked together with chains. 

Directly east from this is seen the noble granite obelisk 
which marks the spot where repose the ashes of the lamented 
HoLDEN, formerly of the '^ Saturday Courier." 

Descending the declivity, immediately beside the northern 
boundary, to the first terrace, the lover of the picturesque will 
be gratified with the rural and wild character of the scenery. 
The west, or river front, is still left to the care of Nature, and 
for the most part, is covered with a fine growth of forest trees. 
The south portion is laid out in terraces. The north, or that 
portion below, is only here and there intersected by rugged 



346 



PHILADELPHIA AS IT IS. 



THOMAS W. MATTSON, 



MANUFACTURER OP 



Great Inducements are now oflfered to purchasers of the above 
articles, at Nos. 130 and 196 Market Street. 




This is much the largest stock of Trunks and Carpet Bags, Valises, 
&c., in the City; it comprises over One Hundred and Fifty different 
varieties, and will be sold at such prices as will admit of no competition. 

THOS. W. MATTSON, 
130 Market St., S. W. corner 4:t]i, and 196 Market Street, 
lietween 5tli and. 6t]i, Pkila* 

LOUDERBACK AND HOFFMANISr, 

DESIGNING AND ENGRAVING ON WOOD, 

No. iO. S. Fifth Street, below Walnut, 



JAS. W. LOUDERBACK. 



|)l)ilabclpl)ia. 



G. A. HOFFMANN. 



R. W. KENSIL, 

VENETIAN BLIND MANUFACTURER, 

No. 347 Race Street, 

(one dooe below tenth,) 

|31)Uairelpl)ia. 

Blinds, Wholesale and Retail, at lowest Cash prices. 

A. WINCH, 

AMERICAN AND FOREION 

NEWS, MAGAZINE, AND PERIODICAL AGENCY, 

No. 116 Chestnut Street, 

(ADAMS'S EXPRESS BUILDING,) 

Jg^" Particular attention paid to Country Orders. °^g 



LAUREL HILL CEMETERY. 347 

patbs; the rocks rising from the water in some parts abruptly. 
Here, stranger, pause and look around ! 

" Hushed as this scene thy accents be ; 
The voiceless solitude of death 
Breathes more than mortal majesty." 

Proceeding southwardly along this terrace, we meet several 
lots tastefully enclosed, provided with rustic seats ; they are 
all remarkable for their simplicity and beauty of ornament, as 
well as chasteness of sentiment and real feeling engraved on 
the memorials. A little in advance from these rises the stately 
monument erected to the memory of John H. Beusse, for- 
merly of South Carolina; facing which is the mausoleums of 
the Lennig, Backus, and Robertson families. Near this 

"There is a lone and silent shade, 

Where none but reverent footsteps tread ; 
There, Neal, the loved, is calmly laid, 

And sleeps the slumbers of the dead. 
Oh ! sadly sighs the evening breeze 

Above the author's lonely tomb, 
And sadly droops the murmuring trees, 

As though they mourned his early doom." 

Joseph C. Neal lies in a sequestered spot, immediately in 
front of the Ball Mausoleum. The monument consists of a 
rough block of marble, surmounted by an urn, against which 
reclines a stringless lyre ; below is a marble tablet in the form 
of a shield. This monument — fit memorial of the poet — was 
erected as a tribute of affectionate regret by those who loved 
him as a man and admired him as an author. The lot is 
handsomely enclosed by artistic marble posts, connected by 
massy iron rails. 

Beneath this, on a craggy point, rises a granite obelisk, in 
the form of ^' Cleopatra's Needle,'^ twenty-one feet high. This 
monument, together with its situation, is peculiarly suitable to 



348 PHILADELPHIA AS IT IS. 

DICKSON & CO., 

BRUSH MANUFACTURERS, 
No. 44 Commerce Street, up stairs. 

JOHNSON & CONAWAY, 

SAW AND TOOL MANUFACTURERS, 
No. 62 North Fourth Street, and 24 Cherry Street. 

C. A. BEOWN & CO., 

CHEAP BOOK STORE, 
N. W. corner of Fourth and Arch Streets. 

OLIVER MARTIN & CO., 

WHOLESALE VARIETY AND TRIMMING STORE, 
No. 24 North Fourth Street. 

ATKINS & CO., Reliance Line, 

RAILROAD AND CANAL FORWARDERS, AND COMMISSION 

MERCHANTS, 

No. 227 Market Street, and 54 Commerce Street. 
JOHN PARTENHEIMER, 

WADDING AND COTTON LAP MANUFACTURERS, 
No. 16 North Fourth Street, up stairs. 

s. B. wAuan, 

PORTRAIT AND HISTORICAL PAINTER, 

No. 216 Chestnut Street. 

FRITZ, WILLIAMS & HENDRY, 

IMPORTERS AND MANUFACTURERS OF LEATHER AND MOROCCO, 
No. 29 North Third Street. 

J. W. SWAIN, 

UMBRELLA AND PARASOL MANUFACTURER, 
No. 35 North Third Street. 

a. W. BLABEN, 

FLOOR, TABLE, AND CARRIAGE OIL-CLOTH DEALER, 
No. 79 North Third Street, up stairs. 



LAUREL HILL CEMETERY. 349 

commemorate such a character as Charles Thomson, the 
first, and long the confidential Secretary of the Continental 
Congress. 

Retracing our steps to the upland, we now pursue our 
walk along the terrace southward. The quantity and variety 
of roses, shrubs, &c., along this path and vicinity present a 
most enchanting scene. 

The southern portion of the cemetery, is full of chaste and 
beautiful memorials to 

"The dead, the dead, the cherished dead." 

Among which we notice the monuments erected by the 
Pennsylvania Institution for the Instruction of the Blind, to 
the memory of Julius R. Friedlander, the founder of that 
noble charity, and to William Young Birch, one of its early 
friends and most munificent benefactors. The first is a plain 
granite obelisk; the other, a beautifully-executed shaft, sur- 
mounted by an urn ; both are merited testimonials of regard to 
pure philanthropy and disinterested devotion. 

Near these is the rich and imposing Gothic Monument, 
so generally visited and justly admired ; it is erected to the 
memory of three sisters, — 

" Whose lives, so dearly cherished, 
Nor father's prayers, nor mother's love could save ; 
For He, our refuge, when all else hath perished, 
In love still taketh, what in love he gave." 

To the admirers of architecture, this monument will prove 
a treat. It was designed by and executed under the superin- 
tendence of Mr. John Notman. 

Proceeding eastward, we view the classic tomb, erected 
over the remains of Isabel Coleman, daughter of Thomas and 

30 



350 



PHILADELPHIA AS IT IS. 



JOSEPH MAPLES, 



SCULPTOR 



AND 



MARBLE CUTTER, 

Arch, near Broad Street. 




THE MOST 
SPLENDID ASSORTMENT 

IN 

THE UNION, 

ON HAND CONSTANTLY. 



LAUREL HILL CEMETERY. 



351 




THE COLEMAN MONUMENT. 



352 PHILADELPHIA AS IT IS. 

THOMAS FISHER, 

DRY GOODS, WHOLESALE AND RETAIL, 
North Fourth Street, four doors below Arch Street. 



CHARLES COLLADAY, 

BUTTONS AND TRIMMINGS, WHOLESALE, 
No. 35 Church Alley, between Second and Third Streets. 

ECKEL & ROBINSON, 

BROOMS, CEDAR AND WILLOW WARE, 

No. 137 North Third Street. 

SIMONS & BROTHER, 

DEALERS IN OIL, 
No. 132 South Water Street. 

WILLIAM NEWELL & SON, 

WHOLESALE GROCERS AND COMMISSION MERCHANTS, 
No. 3 South Water Street. 

JOHN FLANAGIN & SONS, 

WHOLESALE GROCERS AND COMMISSION MERCHANTS, 
No. 5 South Water Street. 

BUCKNOR, McCAMMON & CO., 

TOBACCO COMMISSION MERCHANTS, 
No. 41 North Water Street and 16 North Wharves. 

GEO. W. & LEWIS B. TAYLOR, 

BOOTS, SHOES, LEGHORN AND PALM LEAF HATS, 
No. 168, S. E. corner of Market and Fifth Streets. 

T. E. CHAPMAN, 

BOOKSELLER, 
No. 51 South Fifth Street. 



LAUREL II ILL CEMETERY. 353 

Hannah Coleman. This exquisite work of art, is from the 
chisel of Joseph Maples, Esq., sculptor, and is a most beauti- 
ful specimen of American Art. It is undoubtedly the gem of 
North Laurel Hill. (See engraving.) 

We must now bid adieu to this delightful place — 

" Where, perchance, our footsteps never 
Its fairy haunts again in life may tread ; 
Yet, as a gem, in memory's casket ever 
Art thou shrined, oh, loveliest city of the dead." 

South Laurel Hill, to which we now direct our steps, is also 
a charming spot. This new cemetery, like North Laurel Hill, 
occupies a lofty promontory above the river, — the views of 
which, and through the sombre glades and avenues of the 
ground, are unsurpassed for sweetness and repose; nowhere 
could a more attractive spot be found for the purposes of 
burial. Several elegant monuments have already been erected, 
the most prominent of which is that raised to the memory of 
'' Sarah Ann, wife of George L. Harrison, who fell asleep 
May 12th, 1850.'' It is of marble, in the decorated style of 
Grothic architecture, which prevailed during the reigns of 
Edward the Second and Edward the Third of England, — a 
period when this rich and imposing order was carried to its 
highest degree of perfection and luxuriant beauty. About 
that time, also, the canopy was introduced as a new feature in 
monumental decoration. The tomb under notice consists of 
a richly-sculptured altar table, surmounted by an elegant 
canopy, enriched with crochets and finials, supported by twenty 
clustered columns ; festoons of ivy creep along each angle of 
the roof until they meet at the apex, where they unite in an 
ornamental cluster. Within the screen is the life-size image 
of a lamb, reposing on a cross, emblematic of that faith en- 
deared to her whose remains lie beneath. The whole structure 

30* 



854 



PHILADELPHIA AS IT IS. 



PHILADELPHIA STEAM MARBLE WORKS, 

Chestnut Street, between Schnylkill Fifth and Sixth Streets. 



fe- Ell . !" 




i^ll ' ' Sv^ ' B?9 ill 










The Subscriber executes all kinds of Marble and Sand-stoue wuik 
for buildings, 

MONUMENTS, 

TILING FOR FLOORS, AND EVERY DESCRIPTION OF 
ORNAMENTAL MARBLE WORK. 

In his warerooms are over one hundred varieties of 

Composed of Italifin, French, Spanish, Portuguese, and other 
foreign and domestic Marbles, Also, 

STATUARY, GARDEN VASES, FOUNTAINS, ETC. 
Marble in the block and slab to suit the Trade. 

EDWIN GREBLE. 



ODD fellows' cemetery. 



355 



is beautifully proportioned, chastely ornamented, and elegantly 
executed. It is worthy of its accomplished architect, 3Ir. 
John Notman, and its sculptor, Mr. Joseph Maples. 

Visiters obtain tickets of admission from Mr. L. P. Smith, 
at the Philadelphia Library, South Fifth Street. 




arCLFER SC--^^^ 



ODD FELLOWS CEMETERY. 



The Odd Fellows' Cemetery is situated on Islington Lane, 
near the Ridge Road, about two miles from the northern boun- 
dary of the city proper. It contains thirty-two acres, and is 
intersected by spacious avenues of from fifteen to thirty feet in 
width, well graded. A substantial stone wall, surmounted by 
a neat iron railing, has been erected along the entire front. 
The first interment was made on the 5th of May, 1849. The 
Cemetery is under the management of the Order whose name 
it bears. 



356 PHILADELPHIA AS IT IS. 



JOHN a. DAYIS, 



BOOKSELLER 



No. 139 North Third Street. 



THOS. BURCH, Jr., & CO., 

COMBS, LOOKING-GLASSES, AND VARIETIES, 
No. 87 North Third Street. 



A. STOXE, 



HEMP HOSE AND LAMP WICK 



Quarry Street, above Second (over C. Evans's Machine Shop). 
BRETTARGH & STEDMAN, 

WALL PAPERS, 
No. 63 North Third Street. 

Y. B. PALMER, 

ADVERTISING AND SUBSCRIPTION AGENCY, 
Corner of Third and Chestnut Streets. 

SHIELDS & MILLER, 



HARDWARE 



No. 99 North Third Street, above Arch. 
BINSWANGER & EGER, 

FANCY GOODS (FOREIGN), 
No. 86 North Third Street. 

JAMES, KENT, SANTEE & CO., 

DRY GOODS, 
No. 147 North Third Street. 



MARPLE, ELLIS & McCLURE, 

HOSIERY, TRIMMINGS, AND FANCY DRY GOODS, 
No. 15 North Third Street. 



MONUMENT CEMETERY. 357 

The buildings of which the above is a correct and beautiful 
view, are located in the centre of the ground, fronting on the 
Lane. They are of brown stone, in the Egyptian style of 
architecture. The centre building, surmounted by a tower 
eighty-one feet high, is designed for a chapel, with offices and 
ample apartments for the residence of the superintendent; 
the wings are used for carriage ways and entrances for foot 
passengers. 

These beautiful and appropriate buildings were designed 
and erected under the superintendence of Hoxie and Button, 
architects. 

Glenwood Cemetery, Ridge Road and Islington Lane, 
contains twenty-one acres. It is situated exactly on the ridge 
that divides the waters flowing into the Delaware from those 
flowing into the Schuylkill. The avenues are laid out so as to 
combine beauty of appearance, with ready access to every part 
of the ground. When the designed improvements (part of 
which we had the pleasure of inspecting) are completed, 
''The Glenwood'^ will be one of the most beautiful, as it is 
now one of the most desirable places of burial in the vicinity 
of the city. 

The Monument Cemetery is beautifully situated on Broad 
Street, about a mile above Coates Street. It combines every- 
thing in a natural point of view which could possibly be 
desired, being high, dry, and at so convenient a distance from 
the city as to be easily reached on foot. 

The front presents a tasty and appropriate appearance. On 
entering, the natural beauty of the spot, embellished as it is 
by art, renders the view altogether lovely. Here, as at Laurel 
Hill, numerous trees throw their shade around, and flowers 
both rare and fragrant deck the grave. 

Among the most notable monuments in this Cemetery, is 
that erected to the memory of William De La Mater Caldwell, 



358 



PHILADELPHIA AS IT IS. 



ISAI/LH SUBERS' 
PATENTEE IRON RAILING OFFICE, 

39 Ridge Road^ above Callowbill Street* 




Iron Foundrymen can purchase Patent Rights for counties or 
States, for making Plain and Ornamental Fences for Yards, Gardens, 
or Cemeteries. 

The invention consists in constructing fences, the parts of which 
put together fasten firmly without use of lead, screw bolts, rivets, 
wedges, or any other models heretofore adopted. A post, a gate 
pattern, four sets of fence figures of cast iron, and drawings given 
with the Patent Right. New patterns and designs constantly getting up. 

RICHiLRDS & BROTHURS, 

MANUFACTURERS AND DEALERS IN EVERY VARIETY OF 

WINDOW, PICTURE, COACH. AND DOUBLE THICK GLASS, 

Southwest corner of Arch and Front Streets. 

PENN BRANCH MECHANICS' MUTUAL BENEFIT ASSOCIATION. 

Office; Soutlieast cor* Tliird and Dock Streets^ 

(over the exchange COFFEE HOUSE.) 

Accumulated Cash Capital, $33,000. Guarantee Capital, $6,000. 

Yearly Deposit for males and females from 15 to 60 years of age, 
$1 50. Admission Fee will be charged the first year, and must be 
paid at the time of making application, and the first year's deposit 
within thirty days. 

BY PAYING 

$2 pr year you will draw $2*00 pr week I $6 pr year you will draw $600 pr week 
$3 " " " $3-00 " $7 " " " S7-00 " 

$4 " " " S4-00 " $8 " " " $8-00 " 

$5 " " " S500 " I 

Those over fifty years of age will be charged 25 per cent, extra. 

23^ The benefits will be paid as above, provided the sickness shall continue two 
weeks or more (fractional parts of a week excepted), and in all cases a Funeral 
Benefit of Twenty Dollars will be paid at the member's decease (as per By-Laws). 

WM. H. BOWDOIN, Sec'y. 
WM. P. IRLAND, M.D., Agent Phila. City and County. 
C. E. "WOOLSEY, General Agent, Pennsylvania, Delaware, and Maryland. 



MONUMENT CEMETERY. 



359 




MONUMENT CEMETERY. 



Esq., in compliance with a proviso in his will, leaving three 
thousand dollars to his executors, '^for the purpose of erecting 
a monument over his remains/' 

This Cemetery was established in 1836, principally through 
the influence of Dr. Elkinton^ and incorporated in the year 
1837. 



360 



PHILADELPHIA AS IT IS. 




WOODLAND CEMETERY. 



361 




The Woodland Cemetery 
is situated on the west side of 
the Schuylkill River, about one 
mile southwest from the city. 
This beautiful spot was long 
the country seat of the Hamilton 
family ; and the mansion still re- 
mains, a memorial of the past. 
The trees that adorn the Cemetery 
are some of them of majestic 
growth, lending to the scenery and 
the grounds the most impressive 
effect. The vistas beneath the 
foliage, or between the separated 
groves, conduct the eye to distant 
prospects, varied on every hand, 
and by every change of position; 
there, the spires and public build- 
ings of the city are beheld ; here, the windings of the Schuyl- 
kill ; and more distant, the bright surface of the Delaware 
and the blue hills of New Jersey skirt the horizon ; while 
flowers and shrubs are scattered plenteously around, shedding 
a cheering influence in shaded lawns, or among the tombs. 

31 



362 PHILADELPHIA AS IT IS. 

H. & a. fricke; 

COACH & HARNESS MOUNTINGS, SADDLERY, HARDWARE, ETC., 
No. 14 North Third Street. 

WILLIAM P. WILSTACH, 

COACH & HARNESS TRIMMINGS, SADDLERY, HARDWARE, ETC., 
No. 29 North Third Street (up stairs). 

ANDREW M. MANDERSON, 

ATTORNEY AT LAW, 
No. 35 South Sixth Street— Residence, No. 505 North Eighth Street. 

WILLIAM L. NEWBOLD, 

REAL ESTATE OFFICE, 
No. 63 Walnut Street, below Dock. 

EDWARD H. RAU, 

BOOKBINDER, 
No. 7 Bank Alley. 

WILLIAM ROBERTSON, 

GUN AND FISHING TACKLE MANUFACTURER, 
N. W. corner of Second and Walnut Streets. 

EDWARD JEANNERET, 

WATCH CASE MAKER, 
No. 57 South Third Street, corner of Carter's Alley. 

P. N. RECEVEUR, 

OPERA GLASS MANUFACTURER, ENGINE TURNER, 

AND MACHINIST, 

No. 51 Dock Street, and 61 Walnut Street. 

JOHN DAVIS HATCH, 

ARCHITECT, 
No. 66 South Third Street, below Chestnut. 

JOSHUA M. RAYBOLD, 

MARBLE PAPER MANUFACTURER, 
Goldsmiths' Hall, Library Street, east of Fifth, fifth story. 



WOODLAND CEMETERY. 



363 



All that taste can suggest or science demand, consistently with 
the solemn purpose of the place, has been added to the superior 
advantages already possessed. 

Among the many elegant monuments around, few surpass 
those "Tombs in the French style,'' i. e. with head and foot 




«I^g^^^^^^^^-%^|gS^X^^ 



stones, and beautifully carved side slabs, presenting the appear- 
ance of a couch. They are further enhanced by the profusion 
of roses and other choice flowers which cover the mound. 

The Cemetery includes about eighty acres of land, of the 
very best quality for burial purposes. It was incorporated in 
the year 1840. 

Omnibuses run from the Exchange to within a square of 
the gate. 



I. p. MOEEIS k CO., 

pi)ilai3elpl)ia. 
IRON FOUNDERS, 

^^jSiiii MUM imnii^, 

GENERAL MACHINISTS, 



AJN'D 



Workshops on the Delaware Rker, below Port Richmond. 
Offiee in the City, No. o9 Walnnt Street. 

THEY MANUIACTURE 

HIGH & LOW PRESSURE STEAM ENGINES, 

rOE LA>"D, KITEB, OR SEA SERVICE, 

cohnzsh puiviPZNa engines, 

rOB DRAXS'iyG MIXES, AXD TOR POIPIXG LARGE QUAXTITIES OF "WATER, 
WITH GREAT ECOXOMT OF FUEL, 

IRON AND BRASS CASTINGS, 
And all kinds of Heavy Machinery and Boiler and Tank Work. 

ISAAC p. MOPvPvIS, 
LEWIS TAWS, 
JOHX J. THOMPSON. 

ESTABLISHED, 1838. 




31* 



366 PHILADELPHIA AS IT IS. 



RICHARD VAUX, 

No. 32 South Sixth Street.— Dwelling, S. W. corner of Schuylkill 
Fourth and Chestnut Streets. 



JOSHUA SPERINa, 

No. 74 South Fourth Street. 



ALEXANDER WILSON, 

Law Buildings, Fifth Street, below Chestnut. 

MATTHEW CANNING, 

No. 5 Mercantile Library Buildings, Fifth Street, below Chestnut. 

JOHN B. GEST, 

No. 45^ South Fifth Street, between Walnut and Chestnut. 

C. B. FALLON, 

No. 142 Walnut Street, above Fifth. 

ROBERT P. KANE, 

Southeast corner of Sixth and Walnut Streets. 



GEORGE CONSTANTINE COLLINS, 

S W. corner of Sixth and Locust Street, Washington Square. — • 
Dwelling, No. 6 South Schuylkill Sixth Street. 

JOHN C. MITCHELL, 

No. 4 York Buildings, Walnut Street. 

THOMAS BALCH, 

No. uO South Fifth Street, below Walnut. 

FRANCIS HOPKINSON, 

No. 134 South Sixth Street, above Spruce. 

HYLAND B. PENNINGTON, 

No. 79 South Third Street. 



EDWARD R. BADGER, 

No. 110 South Third Street. 



ROBERT ALSOP, 

No. 58 South Fourth Street.— Residence, 361 North Sixth. 



B. A. MITCHELL, 

No. 116 Walnut Street, below Fifth. 



THE CITY GOVERNMENT. 367 



CHAPTER X. 

THE CITY GOVERNMENT. 

This is composed of a Police Department, Select and Com- 
mon Councils, Board of City Commissioners, and a Board of 
City and County Commissioners. The Police Department 
consists of a Mayor, Clerk of Police, Lieutenant of Police, 
four Special Constables, four High Constables, thirty-four day 
policemen, four captains, four lieutenants, two hundred watch- 
men, and fifty-seven lamp-lighters. 

The Day Police is divided into four districts, viz. — Dis- 
trict No. 1, extending from Cedar to Chestnut Street, and 
from the Delaware to the east side of Ninth Street. Police 
station. Union Street below Fourth, south side. 

District No. 2, extending from Chestnut to Vine, and 
from the Delaware to Ninth Street. Station house. Cherry 
above Fourth Street, north side. 

District No. 3, extending from Cedar to Chestnut Street, 
and from the west side of Ninth to the Schuylkill Biver. Sta- 
tion, Schuylkill Eighth below Walnut Street. 

District No. 4, extending from Chestnut to Yine, and from 
Ninth to the Schuylkill Biver. Station, Filbert Street near 
Schuylkill Eighth. 

Each of these divisions is under charge of a high constable, 
who reports daily at 12 o'clock, m., precisely, to the Mayor, 
the condition of his district. 

The Watch is likewise divided into four districts, the 
bounds and stations of which are the same as those of the 
day police. Each of these divisions consists of a captain, a 



368 



PHILADELPHIA AS IT IS. 



W. B. SAURMAN & CO.'S 

STEAM PATTERN AND MODEL WORKS, 

Southeast corner of Broad and Wallace Streets. 




STEAM SAWING, 

PLANING, TURNING, AND WOOD SCREW CUTTING, 

OP EVERY DESCRIPTION, 

AT THE 

Lowest Cash Prices. 



W. B. S. and Co. would beg leave also, to inform Builders, Car- 
penters, and others not having Steam Power in their own establish- 
ments, that they can have the use of Wood-working Steam tools at 
the above Works, for a reasonable charge per day or houy. 



THE CITY GOVERNMENT. 369 

lieutenant^ and fifty men ; twenty-five of whom only are on 
duty in the division at any one time. The system is one of 
relief, and the twenty-five men on duty are relieved every two, 
three, or four hours, as the season, weather, &c., may demand ; 
the remaining twenty-five occupy the station house, ready for 
any emergency. 

The system is not perfect, there being too few men ; the 
twenty-five on duty are spread over too great a space. The 
old system gave thirty-one or thirty-two men for the same 
divisions; now there are only twenty-five, — the consequence is 
an elongation of the watchmen's walks, so that they appear 
"like angels' visits, few and far between." 

In addition to this force the mayor can, by law, require the 
services of the lamp-lighters, in case of necessity, as policemen. 

The Select Council consists of twelve members. The 
Common Council of twenty members. These Councils are 
divided, for the better transaction of business, into joint stand- 
ing committees, viz., on Water, Finance, Highways, Cleansing, 
City Property, Legacies and Trusts, Girard Estates, Library, 
and Gras-works. Each Council elects its own president and 
clerk. 

Board or City Commissioners. The officers of this Board 
are a President, Clerk, City Surveyor, Assistant Surveyor, 
Treasurer, Treasurer of the Girard Fund, Agent for the Girard 
Estates, and a Register and Secretary of the Watering Com- 
mittee. 

The City and County Commissioners and Officers 
consist of a Sherifi", Coroner, Clerk, Treasurer, three County 
Commissioners, and three Auditors. 

The Consolidated Police Force of the City of Phi- 
ladelphia. This force is under the control of a Board op 
Police, viz.. President, John S. Keyser, Marshal of Police; 
Clerk, Samuel P. Welsh; Members, President of the Select 



370 PHILADELPHIA AS IT IS. 

BENJ. A. LATIMER, 

No. 51 North Sixth Street, below Arch. 

JOSHUA SPERING, 

No. 74 South Fourth Street, below Chestnut. 

JOSEPH H. HEDGES, 

No. 8 Goldsmiths' Hall, Library Street, below Fifth. 

JOHN C. MITCHELL, 
No. 4 York Buildings, Walnut Street. 

EDWARD R. BADGER, 

No. 110 South Third Street. 



ROBERT ALSOP, 

No. 58 South Fourth Street.— Residence 361 North Sixth. 



JOHN M. GUMMEY, 

No. 8 South Seventh Street. 



DR. WM. LINDOP, 
175 Chestnut Street, opposite the State House, 

SOLE AGENT FOR 

DR. NUTTALL'S SYRIACUM, 

JNni PiENT^ TUBERCHUB^ 



C0NF1BM£D 



Being three diflferent preparations, for the cure of the three different 
stages of Consumption. Also, 

DR. J. S. HOUaHTON'S PISFSna", 

DR. HOaGHTON'S_^ ''^^ ''^'''' 

DIGESTIVE FLUID, 

OR 

GASTRIC JUICE, 

FOR THE 

CURE OF DYSPEPSIA. 




THE CITY GOVERNMENT. 371 

Council, and President of the Common Council of Philadelphia, 
together with the presidents of the Boards of Commissioners 
of the various incorporated districts. This police force was 
established by an Act of Assembly, passed May 3d, 1850; 
according to which the qualified voters of the city and districts 
shall elect, every three years, a suitable person as Marshal of 
Police, '•'■ who shall hold that office for the said term of three 
years, if he so long behave himself well.'^ The powers of this 
officer, in relation to the preservation of the peace, the preven- 
tion and suppression of crimes and misdemeanours, and the 
detection and arrest of offenders, is the same as those of the 
Mayor of the city, and Sheriff of the county of Philadelphia. 

The city proper, by the aforesaid act, consists of four divi- 
sions, and each of the incorporated districts constitutes a 
division. Each of these divisions is entitled to one lieutenant, 
and the number of policemen is fixed at the rate of one for 
every four hundred inhabitants, which gives fifty-five to the 
city, twenty-six to Spring Garden, twenty-four to Kensington, 
twenty-one to the Northern Liberties, eighteen to Southwark, 
twelve to Moyamensing, four to Penn, four to Richmond, and 
three to West Philadelphia, which, with the twelve lieutenants 
and Marshal, makes the effective force of the establishment 
one hundred and eighty strong. 

In case of riot, if the Marshal is of opinion that his force is 
not sufficient, he has power to require the aid of the military, 
and it is the duty of the major-general or commanding officer 
to assist him promptly with such force as he may demand. 
The Marshal, his Lieutenants or policemen, in case of emer- 
gency, have a right to, and can demand the aid of any citizen 
in suppressing riots or tumultuous assemblies. It is well to 
say that, " if such persons, constituting unlawful, riotous, or 
tumultuous assemblies, shall continue together, and not dis- 
perse on proclamation, then the Marshal, his Lieutenants, or 



372 



PHILADELPHIA AS IT IS. 



LEATHER ANI> MOROCCOS. 




Ked or Hemlock Sole Leather. 
Oak Sole Leather. 
Skirting Sole Leather. 

Black and Eusset Bridle Leather. 

Band or Belt Leather. 

Thong or Lace Leather. 

Upper or Neat's Leather. 

Hog Skins for Seatings and Collar. 

Chaise, Bag, and Lining Hides. 

City and Sailed Kip Skins. 
French and City Calf Skins. 
French Patent Calf Skins. 
Patent and Enamelled Goat Skins. 

Tampieo, Cape, and ^Madras Boot Moroccos. 
Tampico, Cape, and Madras French Moroccos. 
Tampieo, Curacoa, and Madras Kid. 

Imported Morocco, of all Colours. 
Lining Skins, of all Colours, 
r.oans or Topping Skins, of all Colours. 
Buck Skins of all Colours. 

American and Imported Chamois Skins. 
French Embroidered Slipper Fronts. 
Bindings, Black and Striped. 



BOOK BINDERS' AND HATTERS' SKIVERS, OF ALL COLOURS. 

FRITZ, WILLIAMS & HENDRY, 

Manufactory, No. U Margaretla Street, 

Store, No. 29 North Third Street. 

MOROCCO MANUFACTURERS, 

COMMISSION & GENERAL LEATHER 
DEALERS. 



THE CITY GOVERNMENT. 373 

such persons as he may command, shall use all necessary force 
and means whatsoever for that purpose;" and should "any 
person be killed, maimed, or hurt, the Marshal, his police, or 
other persons aiding or assisting him in the discharge of his 
duty, shall be wholly discharged, and held harmless.'^ 

How far this " Consolidated Police" has accomplished the 
object of its creation, can be estimated by the fact, that from 
the date of its organization, November 21st, 1850, to Novem- 
ber 1st, 1851, the number of arrests by this body amounted to 
more than twelve thousand. 

Police Stations. — Marshal's office, Adelphi Street, run- 
ning from Fifth to Sixth, below AYalnut Street. 

Southwark Division, Third below Catharine Street. 

Moyamensing Division, Commissioners' Hall, Moyamen- 
sing. 

Southwest Division (City), Schuylkill Fourth above South 
or Cedar Street. 

Northwest Division (City), Schuylkill Front and Cherry 
Streets. 

Southeast Division (City), St. Mary's Street near Eighth 
Street. 

Spring G-arden Division, Willow Street below the Eidge 
Road. 

Penn District Division, Tenth and Master Street. 

Northern Liberties Division, Commissioners' Hall, 
Northern Liberties. 

Kensington Division, Commissioners' Hall, Kensington. 

Richmond Division, Commissioners' Hall, Richmond. 

West Philadelphia Division, Market Street, West Phi- 
ladelphia. 

By certain signals, given by the public bells, the entire force 
of the Marshal's police can be concentrated, in any one part of 
the City or Districts, in the short space of twenty minutes ! 

32 



374 



PHILADELPHIA AS IT IS. 



TO PHYSICIANS AND OTHERS. 

The subscribers offer to Physicians 
and Druggists a carefully selected stock 
of Drugs and Medicines, which they will 
guarantee to be of the best quality, 
pure and unadulterated in all cases. 
Their facilities for importing Foreign 
Drugs and Chemicals are such, that 
they are enabled to sell them upon the 
best terms, and at the same time to 
assure their customers of their genuine- 
ness. They have also on hand, of their 
own preparation, an assortment of 

PURE DRUGS IN 
POWDER, 

Neatly put up in quarter, half, and one 
pound bottles. 

Great care has been taken to have 
these prepared from the best selected 
drugs, and in such a way as to preserve 
the characteristics of each article with- 
out injury. 

They have also a variety of 

CHEMICAL & PHARMACEUTICAL 
PREPARATIONS. 

Of their own manufacture, and add to 
the list all the valuable new remedies 
as they become known. Also 

CANTHARIDAL COLLODION, 

OR BLISTERING LIQUID, 

A convenient preparation of cantha- 
rides in many cases where there is a 
difficulty of applying the ordinary blis- 
tering plaster. 

They have also recently prepared a 
superior article of 

CALCINED MAGNESIA 

Of the character of Henry's; free from roughness or grittiness to the touch or palate, 
deprived of carbonic acid, and almost entirely tasteless. Equal in the same bulk to 
three or four times the strength of the common article. Put up in bottles, in a 
superior manner. 
They have also prepared the 

FZiUZD l^AaN'ESIA, 

Which is a new and valuable remedy in acidity of the stomach, heartburn, nausea, 
&c., at less than half the price of the foreign article. 

Physicians and others may depend upon the faithful and prompt execution of their 
orders, at as low rates as the best quality of medicines can be purchased. 

CHARLES ELLIS & CO., 

56 Chestnut Street, PMLida. 
Laboratory, 6th and Morris Sts., Southwark. 




THE BOARD OF HEALTH. 375 

The Board of Health, Office, southwest corner of Sixth 
and Sansom Streets. This Board, consisting of eighteen 
members, is appointed annually, by the Councils of the city, 
and the Commissioners of the adjoining districts, for a term of 
three years. The Governor of the State, also appoints a Phy- 
sician, who resides in the city, denominated the Port Physician, 
and another, who resides at the Lazaretto, called the Lazaretto 
Physician, together with a Health Officer, and a Quarantine 
Master. 

The Board of Health is vested "with full power and au- 
thority to make general rules, orders, and regulations, for the 
government of the Lazaretto, and the vessels, persons, and 
cargoes, there detained in quarantine, likewise of the Health 
Office and hospital ; for the mode of visiting and examining 
vessels, persons, goods, and houses, within the city and districts ; 
also, to appoint such officers and attendants as may be neces- 
sary to attend the Health Office, Lazaretto, and City Hospital, 
together with such other regulations as may from time to 
time be requisite for the preservation of the health of the 
city." 

This Board has also power, when any portion of the city, or 
adjoining districts, is infected by a contagious disease, to 
prevent all communication with the infected parts, and, if 
necessary, to remove the inhabitants. They have also autho- 
rity to enter and search any house, or store, where they may 
suspect any substance that may engender disease to exist, and 
are required to have the same removed. A register of the 
births and deaths, in the city, is kept at the Health Office, and 
all physicians, surgeons, &c., are required, by Act of As- 
sembly, to make periodical returns to the Board, of the 
deaths, once per week, and of the births, once per month, and 
of all cases of contagious disease, under a penalty. 

The quarantine regulations of the port commence in June, 



376 



PHILADELPHIA AS IT IS. 




WM. H. HORSTMANN & SONS, 
No. 51 North Third Street, Philadelphia, 

MANUFACTURERS AND IMPORTERS OF 

MILITARY GOODS, COACH LACES, AND FRINGES, 

Epaulettes, Swords, Sashes, Buttons, Laces, Chapeaux, Pistols, 
Holsters, Saddle-Cloths, Banners, Flags, Embroideries, &c., &c. 

Volunteer Companies and Ofl&cers of the Army and Navy, sup- 
plied with every article in the Military Line. 

LADIES FANCY TRIMMINGS, 

Cords, Tassels, Fringes, Buttons, Gimps, Bindings, Braids, &c. 
MILITARY CLOTHS AND CASSIMERES. 



THE LAZARETTO. 377 

and extend to October, which is called the quarantine season. 
Vessels coming from foreign ports, during that period, must 
anchor off the Lazaretto, until duly inspected bj the Lazaretto 
Physician and Quarantine Master. Severe penalties are im- 
posed by law, for every violation of the quarantine regula- 
tions. 

The following gentlemen comprise the present officers of the 
Board : President, John Lindsay, Esq. ; Secretary, Eichard 
Gardiner, M.D.; Treasurer, Edward Duff, Esq.; Clerk, Samuel 
P. Marks; Solicitor, J. A. Phillips. 

The executive officers are. Health Officer, William M'Glen- 
sey; Port Physician, D. Grilbert, M.D.; Lazaretto Physician, 
T. J. P. Stokes, M.D. ; Quarantine Master, William V. M'Kean. 

The Lazaretto is pleasantly located on the banks of the 
Delaware, fourteen miles below the city. It occupies an area 
of about twelve acres of ground, most of which is under cul- 
tivation as a vegetable garden. The buildings consist of a 
main edifice and two wings, covering a space of fifty feet in 
depth, and one hundred and eighty in length; a residence, 
with garden attached, for the Physician ; a similar one for the 
Quarantine Master ; an out-kitchen, a bath-house, a green-house, 
a large barn ; with a two-story building, originally intended for 
the accommodation of German emigrants, who, some years 
ago, came to this port in very large numbers. It is now used 
for the reception of those cases of disease exhibiting a more 
malignant character than are usually accommodated at the 
general hospital. 

The officers are a Steward, Lazaretto Physician, and Quaran- 
tine Master. The Steward is elected annually by the Board 
of Health. His duties comprise a general supervision of the 
property, cultivation of the garden, furnishing and preparing 
the diet and board of the sick, &c. The Physician and Qua- 
rantine Master are appointed, as before remarked, by the 

32* 



378 



PHILADELPHIA AS IT IS. 



ENAMELLED OR COTTAGE 

CHAMBER FURNITURE. 




HART, WARE & CO., 
No. 280 Chestnut, above Tenth Street, 

MANUFACTURERS AND DEALERS IN 

PLAIN AND ORNAMENTAL 
COTTAGE CHAMBER FURNITURE, 

COTTAGE BEDSTEADS, CHAIRS, & OAK & WALNUT ARM-CHAIRS, 

(Complete sets to Order from $25 upwards.) 

Superior Walnut Extension Dining Tables, from $15 to $25. 

SPRING, HAIR, AND HUSK MATTRASSES, 
COLVIN'S PATENT SPRING BEDSTEADS, 

Plain and Fancy Furniture, &c. 



Jg^- DEALERS SUPPLIED ON LIBERAL TERMS. '^©K 



THE EASTERN PENITENTIARY. 379 

Governor. The duties of the first-named are to visit all ves- 
sels required by law to stop at the Lazaretto, and to examine 
into the health of the crew and passengers, and if any are sick 
with malignant or contagious diseases, to have them removed 
to the hospital, and there attend them. 

The duties of the Quarantine Master are to accompany the 
Physician in his visits as above, have charge of the boats and 
other property of the station, and, jointly with the physician, 
have control of the bargemen. 

The Board has also, during the quarantine months, six 
bargemen employed, and as many nurses as the wants of the 
station may require. The duties of the bargemen, in addition 
to manning the boats, are, to remove the sick, bury the dead, 
and to perform such other duties as may be required of them 
by the proper ofiicers. 

Adjoining the Lazaretto, the United States government has 
an Inspection Station, occupying about nine acres of land, 
upon which are a large storehouse, and two brick buildings, 
formerly occupied during the prevalence of the yellow fever, — 
one, as the residence of the collector of the port, and the other 
as a custom-house. 

State Penitentiary, for the Eastern District of Pennsyl- 
vania. — This institution is the result of the laborious investi- 
gation of half a century, of a few minds, deeply interested in 
the subject of prison discipline. In the latter part of the year 
1786, the treatment of persons convicted of crimes engaged 
the consideration of some members of the ^'Philadelphia So- 
ciety for Relieving the Miseries of Public Prisons." The 
miserable condition of the jails of that day awakened the sym- 
pathy of the benevolent members of this Society, and out of 
these feelings grew the efforts, which were at last, under the 
operation of able minds, directed to the whole range of penal 
jurisprudence. The Legislature of Pennsylvania was addressed 



380 



PHILADELPHIA AS IT IS. 



KING &. BAIRD, 

ENGLISH AND GERMAN 

BOOK AND JOB PRINTERS, 

NO. 9 SANSOM STREET, PHILADELPHIA. 




PUBLICATION OFFICE OF THE 

BANNER OF THE CROSS, 

An Episcopal Newspaper, published weekly, at S2 50 per annum, 

AND THE 

liHaikZi INTSIiIiIGZ:iTCIIR« 

A Law Journal, published weekly, at $2 00 per annum. 



EPISCOPAL PRAYER BOOKS, 

OF VARIOUS SIZES AND STYLES, AT LOWER PRICES THAN THEY CAN BE 
PURCHASED ELSEWHERE. 



THE EASTERN PENITENTIARY. 



381 




THE EASTERN PENITENTIARY. 



from time to time on the subject : the late Bishop White, 
Mr. Wistar, Egberts Vaux, and other kindred spirits, 
united their efforts to induce the General Assembly of the 
State to reform the penal institutions of the Commonwealth. 
After years spent in examination and controversy, the Legis- 
lature passed an act authorizing certain gentlemen commis- 
sioners named in the act to erect a State Penitentiary on the 
principle of separate confinement of the prisoners at hard 
labour. 

This is the corner-stone of what is now designated "The 
Pennsylvania System." 

Much has been written on the merits of " separate confine- 
7nent." It has been always denominated by its enemies soli- 
tart/ confinement; but mere terms, though used to describe 
the character of the discipline, are by no means synonymous. 
The separation of prisoners from each other, at all times, does 



382 



PHILADELPHIA AS IT IS. 



GEORGE CHARLES, 
STEREOTYPE FOUNDER, 

No. 9 Sansom Street, 

Is prepared with extensive founts of English, German, and Music 
Type, and a variety of Ornaments, to Stereotype Books and Jobs of 
all kinds, on the most reasonable terms, and in the neatest manner. 

W. D. BAKER, 
No. 116 Chestnut Street, 

(ADAMS'S EXPRESS BUILDING.) 




Circular. — The Subscriber, grateful for former and present patro- 
nage, would respectfully call attention to his increased facilities for 
executing with accuracy, beauty, and despatch, any work intrusted to 
him. 

Drawings and Engravings from Machinery-models, Designs for 
Merchants, Printers, and Manufacturers. Book, Newspaper, and 
Periodical Illustrations. Lodge Seals, Factory Stamps, Posters and 
Show Bills. 

JS^^Illustrations in all Styles, to suit every kind of Exhibition.^^^a 



THE EASTERN PENITENTIARY. 383 

not include the idea of solitude. We have been favoured with 
the correspondence between the Honourable Roberts Yaux 
of Philadelphia, and William Roscoe of England, on the 
principles of the Pennsylvania System. Mr. Vaux defends 
and explains the subject with great clearness against the attack 
of Mr. Roscoe, who urges all the objections against the System, 
so rife while it was then in its infancy. 

The Penitentiary was finished and transferred to the ^^ Board 
of Inspectors,^^ the governing power, in the year 1829. The 
cost of the ground and buildings was about six hundred thou- 
sand dollars. In the year 1846, January 1st, a period of about 
seventeen years, 2059 prisoners had been received into the 
prison. The number now nearly reaches 3000. The average 
number in confinement during the year is about 300. For the 
last ten years the average amount of prisoners yearly in the 
Penitentiary is about 295. The district from which prisoners 
are sent includes all the eastern counties of Pennsylvania. 

The Institution is governed by a Board of Inspectors, a war- 
den, physician, and fourteen overseers. It has been in active 
operation since 1829, and the results given by the experience 
of over twenty years have confirmed all the predictions and 
expectations of its originators and friends. 

The penal code of the State has not yet been fully adapted 
to this system of punishment. So soon as the Legislature shall 
reform a code, never revised with any degree of radical reform, 
then will Pennsylvania defy the civilized world to show a more 
perfectj humane, and reformatori/ system, than is to be found 
within her borders. 

The plan of the buildings is as follows. The grounds com- 
prise about eleven acres, enclosed by a stone wall, thirty feet 
high. The centre of the plot is comparable to the hub of a 
wheel, and the corridors of cells, the spokes ; on each side of 
the corridors, cells are situated, to each of which a yard is 



384 PHILADELPHIA AS IT IS. 

M. THOMAS & SONS, 

AUCTIONEERS. 

SALES OF REAL ESTATE, STOCKS, FURNITURE, BOOKS, 
STATIONERY, PAINTINGS, FANCY GOODS, &c. 

PUBLIC SALES OF REAL ESTATE AND STOCKS. 

Kegular Weekly Sales of Real Estate and Stocks at the Phila- 
delphia Exchange, where they have held them regularly for about 
twenty years, without intermission. 

A pamphlet Catalogue is issued every week throughout the business 
season, containing full descriptions of each public Sale of Stocks and 
Real Estate, and a List of Property at Private Sale. 

TRADE SALES OF BOOKS, STATIONERY, &c. 

By arrangement with the Committee, they will continue the regular 
Spring and Fall Trade Sales of Books, Stationery, &c., also, 

RETAIL AND LOT SALES 

of Books, Stationery, &c., throughout the business season, at the 
Trade Sale Rooms, Sixth and Minor Streets. 

Private Libraries will receive particular attention. 

Mr. Thomas F. Bell is engaged permanently as Salesman for the 
Book department. 

Sales of Paintings, Engravings, and Fancy Goods, will be continued 
occasionally, as heretofore. 

SALES OF rvRiriTuxiis. 

Regular Weekly Sales of Furniture, at the Auction Rooms, No. 93 
Walnut Street, will be continued, as heretofore, on Thursday Mornings, 
throughout the year. 

Sales of Furniture at Private Dwellings will receive the most care- 
ful attention. 



THE EASTERN PENITENTIARY. 385 

attached, for air and exercise. Each prisoner has a cell to 
himself; there he works, and sleeps, and eats, taking exercise 
daily in the yard. 

Each prisoner is taught to read, write, and a useful handi- 
craft, during his term of imprisonment. A moral instructor 
and a teacher, are employed. On the Lord's day, any Chris- 
tian minister, of good standing in his denomination, can visit 
the convicts, and preach to them, or otherwise instruct them. 

No corporeal punishment of prisoners is allowed; kindness 
is the spirit of all communication with the inmates. 

The health of the convicts is under the most judicious cir- 
cumspection. The physician resides in the Penitentiary. The 
mortality is about two per cent, less than one would expect, 
from the kind of persons sent from the depraved classes of city 
humanity. The fatal diseases are nearly all constitutional, 
produced by causes mostly without the influence of the prison. 

The Penitentiary is located about two miles from the centre 
of the city of Philadelphia. It is sometimes called ^^ Cherry 
Hill Prison," as " Cherry Hill" was the name of the property 
purchased for its site. 

At this time, Richard Yaux is President of the Board of 
Inspectors ; S. A. Mercer, Secretary ; Hon. Charles Brown, 
John Bacon, and Hugh Campbell, Inspectors ; John S. 
HoLLOWAY, Warden ; Dr. Lassiter, Physician. 

Tickets of admission can be had on application to any of 
the Inspectors. For the accommodation of strangers, we will 
state that Mr. Vaux's office is in Sixth below Chestnut Street. 
This gentleman takes pleasure in giving any information in 
his power respecting this truly noble Institution, which, we 
assure the reader, is well worthy of a visit. 

There is a prison in Pittsburg, on the same plan, for Western 
Pennsylvania. 

33 



386 PHILADELPHIA AS IT IS. 

BIDDLE REEVES & SON, 

BEDSTEAD MANUFACTORY, 

Nos. 89 & 91 ST. JOHN STREET, 

ABOVE WILLOW STREET. 

Cabinet-Makers, Upholsterers, Hotels, Private Families, and Boarding- 
Houses can be supplied at this establishment with 

PATENT SCEEW, AND OTHER BEDSTEADS, 

ALSO, 

BUREAUS AND WASH-STANDS, 

OF EVERT KIND AND QUALITY, 
OF THE MOST FASHIONABLE AND SUBSTANTIAL MANUFACTURE. 



BIDDLE REEVES & SON, 

FURNISH ALSO FROM THEIR STORE, 

Tiot 316 Second Street, above Vine Street, 

EVERY DESCRIPTION OP 

FURNITURE, 

And offer to Wholesale Purchasers a Large Variety op Goods, 
suitable for City and Country Trade, which they will dispose of 

ON REASONABLE TERMS. 
J|@°° Turning in Wood done at the Shortest Notice. °^K 



THE COUNTY PRISON. 389 

entrance. These wings and the towers which flank them, 
together with the bastions on the extreme angles in front, are 
finished to correspond with the centre edifice. The extreme 
height of the centre building is seventy-five feet. 

The interior of the main prison is divided into two general 
divisions, one for untried prisoners, vagrants, &c., and the 
other for convicts. It contains four hundred and eight sepa- 
rate cells, built in two blocks, three stories high, extending 
from each wing at right angles with the principal front. The 
cells open into a corridor, occupying the centre of each block, 
and extending the whole length and height of the building j 
the upper stories being approached by means of granite stair- 
ways leading to galleries, supported by cast iron brackets ; a 
clerk's office is situated at the head of each corridor, from 
which every cell door may be seen throughout the entire range. 

The apartment for females is situated on an adjoining lot. 
This building embraces one hundred separate cells, a suite of 
rooms for an infirmary, and two apartments for the keepers. 
The principal entrance to this portion of the establishment 
is on Eleventh Street : it consists of a gateway, placed in the 
middle of a projecting centre, constructed of brown stone, 
finished in the Egyptian style of architecture. 

The Prison combines all the characteristics of a penitentiary 
proper, as well as those of a county jail and workhouse. It is 
under the management of a Board of fifteen Inspectors, whose 
duties are probably more arduous than those of any other in 
the country, yet we have no hesitation to speak with confidence 
of the generally correct regulation and superintendence of every 
department. 

The health of the Prison is good. In this respect it will 
compare favourably with any other in the United States. 
Grreat care is taken to furnish wholesome food, and to have it 
properly cooked ; every prisoner is allowed as much as he 

33* 



390 PHILADELPHIA AS IT IS. 



urn iMO) iM(Bi m^ mmmm, 

N. E. Cor. 3d & Chestnut Streets, 
PHILADELPHIA. 

KINSLEY & CO/S EXPRESS 

FOR 

New York, Boston, and all the Eastern Cities, 

No. 89 Chestnut Street, and No. U South Third Street. 





JOHN L. NEWBOLD, 




^ttorntS:=at 


= 2LatD, 


No. 


63 Walnut, BELOW 


Dock Street. 



LEE & WALKER'S MUSIC STORE, 

SUCCESSORS TO GEORGE WILLIG, 

NO. 188 CHESTNUT STREET, 

PHILADELPHIA. 

Publishers and Importers of Music and Musical Instruments, &c. 



THE NEW HAT COMPANY, 

Late of the N. E. Corner Chestnut and Sixth Streets, 
NOW AT N. E. COR. FIFTH ANO MERCHANT STREETS, 

BETWEEN CHESTNUT AND MARKET, PHILA. 



JOHN M. BUTLER, 

COPPERPLATE PRINTER, 

LATE AT hart's BUILDING, SIXTH AND CHESTNUT, 

NOW AT 

JAYNE'S BUILDING, CHESTNUT BELOW THIRD STREET. 



392 PHILADELPHIA AS IT IS. 



LIST OF OFFICEKS 



CITY, DISTRICTS, AND INSTITUTIONS OF 
PHILADELPHIA, IN 1852. 



OFFICERS OF THE CITY OF PHILADELPHIA. 

Mayor. — Charles Gilpin. 

Recorder. — Robert M. Lee. 

Treasurer. — John Lindsay. 

City Clerk. — Robert H. Smith. 

Solicitor. — Edward Olmsted. 

Clerk of Police. — George W. Davis. 

Lieutenant of Police. — J. Henry Bulkley. 

Special Constables. — Joseph Mirkil, E. G. Wood, George Callanan, 
Saml. Gouldey. 

High Constables. — Wm. Osborne, Joseph F. Burke, Charles P. Lamb, 
Chambers C. Davis. 

Captains of Night Police. — Jacob Bennett, J. Loudenslager, W. A. 
Fox, Geo. P. Weaver. 

Lieutena7its of Night Police.— Jos. M'Cauley, E. J. Fox, W. B. M'Coy, 
F. Farley. 

Register and Secretary of Watering Committee. — George W. M'Mahan. 

Select Council. — President, William Morris. John P. Wetherill, 
Saunders Lewis, Thomas Robins, Jacob E. Hagert, Albert G. Water- 
man, Robert Hutchinson, Frederick Lennig, Jacob B. Lancaster, Thomas 
J. Perkins, Jos. M. Thomas, Francis H. Duffee. Clerk, Edmund Wil- 
cox. 

Common Council. — President, Thos. Snowden. John Agnew, Samuel 
Copeland, George Griscom, Benj. Orne, John Yarrow, Chas. A. Poul- 
son, John C. Yeager, Charles Abbey, M. S. Wickersham, Edward Y. 
Farquhar, Daniel B. Hinman, Augustus W. Harker, William Watt, J. 
M. Scott, Alexander G. Cattell, Harry Conrad, John H. Diehl, Wm. F. 
Hansell, John Thornley, Ambrose J. White. 

CZerA.— Craig Biddle. 

Principal City Surveyor. — Saml. H. Kneass. 



THE FIRE DEPARTMENT. 393 

wants, this being found more economical than the mode of 
individual rations. 

We refer with pleasure to the moral instruction of the pri- 
soners. The Rev. W. Alexander fills the office of Instructor, 
with both credit to himself, and satisfaction to the Inspectors. 

The female department is regularly attended by a committee 
of four ladies, belonging to the " Association of Women 
Friends. ^^ The Inspectors and others acquainted with the 
labours of this Society, speak highly of the wholesome effects 
resulting from their efforts. Indeed, there is nothing connected 
with the internal regulations of the prison, that presents a 
more pleasing and interesting spectacle than the untiring energy 
and laudable zeal of these truly benevolent ladies. 

Each convict, on leaving the prison at the expiration of his 
sentence, is furnished with a suit of decent clothes, and a sum 
of money for his present wants, as the means of removing him 
from the immediate temptation to commit crime. 

The officers of the Prison consist of a superintendent, a 
clerk, a matron, two deputies, a physician, and a moral in- 
structor. 

Tickets of admission can be obtained, by applying to Dr. 
Burden, President of the Board of Inspectors, Philadelphia 
College, Fifth below Walnut Street, or from Dr. Bunting, 
Register of Wills' office. State House Row. 

THE FIRE DEPARTMENT. 

In the year 1711, the then Mayor of Philadelphia recom- 
mended ^' the procuring of fire-buckets, hooks, ladders, and 
Jire-engineSj for the purpose of aiding in extinguishing fires." 
" This," says Watson, " was a pretty early beginning ; as fire- 
engines were but of recent invention, and had only been in use 
in London since 1663." Notwithstanding this recommenda- 
tion, no active measures were taken in the matter until the 



394 PHILADELPHIA AS IT IS. 



Treasurer of Girard Trust. — C. S. Smith. 

Agent of the Girard Estates. — Jas. Hutchinson. 

City Commissioners. — Thomas Birch, junr., President; Albert G. Hines, 
Joseph Govett. 

Commissioner of City Property. — John Diehl. 

Collectors of Water Bents, — Geo. W. Gillingham, T. Millar, Wm. 
Patton, J. Crawford Dawes. 

Superintendent for Cleaning the City. — Henry Bickley. 

Clerks of High Street Market. — Jas. Stille, H. B. Gillingham. 

Clerk of Second Street Market. — Jas. Glading. 

Clerk of High Street Market, west of Tenth Street. — P. Conrad. 

CITY AND COUNTY O F F I C E E S. 

Sheriff.— Wm. Deal. 
Coroner. — Dr. Goldsmith. 

County Commissioners. — J. C. Dobleman, Adam Shetzline, William 
Faunce. 
Solicitor. — William D. Baker. 

Clerks.— John C. Gerrish, Charles P. Dare, R. Blair, S. P. McReding. 
County Treasurer. — Robert G. Simpson. 
Auditors. — Jno. H. Parker, Henry Tunison, Wm. Green. 

GUARDIANS OF THE POOR. 
OFFICE, NO. 36 NORTH SEVENTH STREET. 

President. — Michael Day, Marlborough above Queen Street. Trea- 
surer. — Wm. G. Flanagan, 39 Almond Street. Secretary. — Calhoun M. 
Deringer, Office of the Guardians of the Poor. Solicitor. — Henry S. 
Hagert. 

VISITERS. 

For the City. — David A. Cornog, John Hicks, and George W. Pick- 
ering, at the Office of the Guardians. 

Southwark. — J. R. Negley, 5 Cox Street. 

Northern Liberties. — L. Wolf, Third near Green. 

Unincorporated Northern Liberties. — James O'Donnel, Salmon above 
Maple. 

Kensington. — P. F. Wright, Marlborough above Franklin. 

Spring Garden. — Edward Spain, Ridge Road near Buttonwood. 

Penn Township. — Thomas Rutter, M.D., Girard Avenue above Schuyl- 
kill Eighth. 

Moyamensing. — P. Reilly, Eighth below Catharine. 

BOARD OF HEALTH. 

City. — R. M'Crory, John A. Elkinton, M.D., John Lindsay, John C. 
Martin, E. C. Markley, Edward Duff. 
Northern Liberties. — Wm. Goodwin, Daniel M. Fox. 



THE FIRE DEPARTMENT. 895 

year 1730, when public attention was awakened to the impor- 
tance of the subject, by a destructive fire, which consumed 
several houses in Front below Walnut Street. Soon after this 
event, several hundred buckets and two fire-engines were im- 
ported from England. The buckets were placed in the court- 
house, that formerly stood in Market Street, and the engines were 
stationed, one at the southwest corner of Market and Second 
Streets, the other at the corner of Walnut and Front Streets. 
In the year 1738, Benjamin Franklin, among other patriotic 
exertions in behalf of his adopted city, succeeded in originating 
the First Fire Company. 

At present there are seventy of these praiseworthy associa- 
tions in the city of Philadelphia and adjoining districts, viz., 
thirty-five engines, thirty-three hose, and two hook and ladder 
companies. 

A highly commendable spirit animates their members. They 
are ever prompt at the scene of danger, regardless alike of 
time, distance, or weather. Actions of truly disinterested 
heroism and intrepidity are of almost daily occurrence among 
these young men ; and the department has, on more than one 
occasion within a few years, been called upon to mourn the 
loss of valuable lives, sacrificed in the discharge of this self- 
imposed though patriotic duty. 

The introduction of the Schuylkill water into the city, 
proved very efficient in the preservation of property from 
destruction by fire. Previous to that, water was obtained in 
small quantities, and with considerable trouble, from the pumps, 
which in most places were few and far between. In the year 
1803, Mr. Reuben Haines suggested the idea of attaching a 
hose to the different fire-plugs, by means of which the engines 
might be the more readily supplied with water. The improve- 
ment received the approbation of several of his friends, who that 
year organized themselves into a fire company, assuming shortly 
afterwards the title of "The Philadelphia Hose Company." 



396 PHILADELPHIA AS IT IS. 



Spring Garden. — D. J. Logan, M.D., T. J. Herring. 

Southwark. — R. G. Simpson, R. Gardiner, M.D. 

Moyamensing. — Thomas Daly. 

Kensington. — J. E. Eldridge, C. Delany. 

Richmond. — O. Evans. 

Fenn District. — Joseph Wood. 

West Philadelphia.— a. Pleasants, M.D. 

OFFICEKS OF THE BOARD. 

President. — John Lindsay. 

Secretary. — R. Gardiner, M.D. 

Treasurer. — Edward Duff. 

Solicitor. — J, A. Phillips. 

Clerk of the Board. — Samuel P. Marks. 

Steward of Lazaretto. — B. E, Carpenter. 

Physician of City Hospital. — J. F. Bird, M.D. 

Matron of City Hospital. — L, Tomlinson. 

Messenger. — Charles F. Thiesen. 

Assistant Messenger. — Thomas Bedford. 

Runner. — David Brown. 

EXECUTIVE OFFICERS. 

Health Officer. — William McGlensey. 
Port Physician. — D. Gilbert, M.D. 
Lazaretto Physician. — T. J. P. Stokes, M.D, 
Quarantine Master. — William V. McKean. 



PENNSYLVANIA HOSPITAL. 

Managers. — Lawrence Lewis, W. B. Fling, Frederick Brown, George 
Stewardson. James R. Greeves, Jacob G. Morris, Mordecai L. Dawson, 
Clement C. Biddle, John Farnum, 'M.D., Lewis W. Biddle, John M. 
Whitall. 

Treasurer. — John T. Lewis. 

Steward. — Wm. G. Malin. 

Matron. — Harriet P. Smith. 

Physicians. — Drs. G. B. Wood, William Pepper, William W. Gerhard. 

Surgeons. — Drs. G. W. Norris, Edward Peace, George Fox. 

Physicians to the Lying-in Department. — Drs. H. L. Hodge, Joseph 
Carson. 

Resident Physicians. — Drs. William Hunt, Addinell Hewson, R. A. F. 
Penrose. 



INSANE HOSPITAL. 

Physicians. — Drs. T. Kirkbride, J. Edwards Lee. 
Steward. — J. Richards. 
Matron. — Margaret Richards. 



THE FIRE DEPARTMENT. 397 

Another efl&cient means of preserving the city from the dan- 
ger of widespread conflagration, was the law of 1796, prohibit- 
ing the erection of wooden buildings within the city. This 
excellent act has subsequently been extended, so that at present 
it embraces all the city proper, and a great portion of the 
adjoining districts. 

This department has an Association for the Relief of 
Disabled Firemen, established and incorporated in 1835. 
The object of this praiseworthy society is not only the relief 
of disabled firemen, but also of their widows and orphans, and 
the relief of such persons, not firemen, who may sustain per- 
sonal injury by fire apparatus. The funds of the Association, 
which at present amount to about $17,500, are permanently 
invested, principally in ground rents, mortgages, &c., the in- 
terest from which can be appropriated to no other object than 
that for which the Association was instituted. The total 
amount distributed for this purpose since the institution of the 
Association has been nearly $9,000. No benevolent society 
in our city has stronger claims than this. 

Each fire company usually consists of about thirty active 
members, composed for the most part of young men engaged 
in the active pursuits of life. Great care is taken, and much 
pride manifested in having their apparatus constructed after the 
most improved models, and built in the most substantial 
manner. They are also beautifully, and for the most part, 
richly ornamented. 

The following list embraces all the companies comprising the 
department. 

engine companies. 

Assistance, Crown above Race Street. 
America, Green above Third Street. 
Columbia, Filbert near Eleventh Street. 

34 



398 PHILADELPHIA AS IT IS. 



PHILADELPHIA DISPENSARY. 
SOUTH FIFTH, BETWEEN CHESTNUT AND WALNUT STREET. 

President. — Philip F. Mayer. Secretary. — Caspar Wisfar. 

Managers. — Philip F. Mayer, Samuel Norris, Caspar Wistar, William 
F. Griffitts, George B. Wood, M.D., Jacob R. Smith, Thomas H. White, 
Edward Yarnall, Henry I. Morton, John Farnum, Thomas F. Wharton, 
Alexander FuUerton. 

Physicians and Surgeons. — Drs. F. W. Lewis, B. H. Rand, W. W. 
Hooper, W. Blackwood, H. Clark, J. M. Corse. 

Consulting Physicians and Surgeons. — Drs. Hugh L. Hodge, George 
W. Norris, Joseph G. Nancrede, William Darrach. 

Obstetric Physician. — Dr. Joseph Warrington. 

Apothecary. — Joshua W. Ash, M.D. 

Assistant. — Dr. J. T. Ware. 



BANKS. 

North Avierica. — John Richardson, President ; J. Hockley, Cashier. 
Discounts on Mondays and Thursdays. Closed 4th July, Christmas, and 
1st January. Capital, $1,000,000. Directors — John Richardson, Morris 
L. Hallowell, Thomas M. Smith, Thomas T. Lea, Edward Yarnall, John 
H. Brown, William W. Keen, Thomas Smith, A. J. Lewis, Jacob P. 
Jones, Benjamin T. Curtis, Henry Sloan; Notary, Edmund Wilcox, 128 
Chestnut Street. 

Pennsylvania. — Joseph Trotter, President ; George Philler, Cashier. 
Discounts on Wednesdays and Saturdays. Closed 4th July, Christmas, 
and 1st January. Capital, $1,875,000. Directors — Joseph Trotter, Mor- 
decai D. Lewis, L. Lewis, Jr., Lewis Wain, William E. Hacker, Daniel 
Deal, Robert Ralston, Gideon Scull, William Geisse, John Thomas, 
Daniel Smith, Jr., Gideon G. Westcott ; Notary, Edmund Wilcox, 128 
Chestnut Street. 

Philadelphia. — Thomas Robins, President; B. B. Comegys, Cashier. 
Discounts on Mondays and Thursdays. Closed 4th July, Christmas, and 
1st January. Capital, $1,150,000. Directors — Thomas Robins, Samuel 
F. Smith, John Welsh. Samuel W. Jones, Joshua Longstreth, Quintin 
Campbell, Richard D. Wood, John W. Claghorn, William S. Boyd, .lohn 
Devereux, Samuel Welsh, John Yarrow, Joseph Swift ; Notary — J. P. 
Brobston, 5 Library Street. 

Farmers^ and 3l€cha?iics\ — S. A. Mercer, President ; Edwin M. Lewis, 
Cashier. Discounts on Tuesdays and Fridays. Closed 4th July, Christ- 
mas, and 1st January. Capital, $1,250,000. Directors — Singleton A. 
Mercer, J. W. Throckmorton, Samuel C. Morion, Henry White, John 
C. Farr, Robert V. Massey, Patrick Brady, George W. Farnum, Seth 
Craige, John Ashhurst, L P. Hutchinson, Francis Tete, Isaac R. Davis; 
Notary— Peter Crans, 110 South Third Street. 

31echanics\ — Joseph B. Mitchell, President ; William Thaw, Cashier. 
Discounts on Tuesdays and Fridays. Closed 4th July, Christmas, and 
1st January. Capital, $1,400,000. Directors— Joseph B. Mitchell, Wil- 



THE FIRE DEPARTMENT. 399 

Diligent, Tenth and Filbert Streets. 

Fairmount, Ridge Road above Wood Street. 

Friendship, Brown below Third Street. 

Franklin, Catharine above Third Street. 

Good-Will, Race near Broad Street. 

Good-Intent, Allen near the Frankford Road. 

Globe, Germantown Road near Second Street. 

Hibernia, Walnut above Second Street. 

Hope, Sixth below Shippen Street, Moyamensing. 

Harmony, Eighth near Arch Street. 

Humane, Callowhill near Third Street, Northern Liberties. 

Hand-in-Hand, Ninth above Poplar Street, District of 
Spring Garden. 

Kensington, Queen above Marlborough Street, Kensington. 

Mechanic, Brown below Ridge Road, Spring Garden. 

Northern Liberty, Front below Green Street, Northern 
Liberties. 

Philadelphia, Schuylkill Sixth above Walnut Street. 

Phcenix, Zane above Seventh Street, 

Reliance, New above Second Street. 

SouTHWARK, Third above Washington Street, Southwark. 

United States, Fourth above Wood, Northern Liberties. 

Vigilant, Race below Second Street. 

Washington, Lombard below Eleventh Street. 

Western, Callowhill near Schuylkill Eighth Street, Spring 
Garden. 

Weccacoe, Queen below Second Street, Southwark. 

In addition to these there is the 
Washington, in Frankford. 
RiTTENHOUSE, in Roxborough. 
Liberty, in Bustleton. 



400 PHILADELPHIA AS IT IS. 



liam R. Thompson, Charles Leland, James H. Hart, Charles B. Campbell, 
G. D. Rosengarten, William M.Clarke, James Dunlap, John Anspach, Jr., 
Benjamin W. Tingley, Marshall Hill, George H. Stuart, William H. Ba- 
con ; Notary — Edmund Wilcox, 128 Chestnut Street. 

Girard. — Charles S. Boker, President ; William L. Schaffer, Cashier. 
Discounts on Thursdays. Closed 4th July, Christmas, and 1st January. 
Directors — Charles S. Boker, Samuel C. Ford, J. L. Claghorn, Thomas 
Beaver, Robert K. Neff, Jacob Bigonet, Reuben Lukens, H. Cowper- 
thwait, Charles H. Craige, Thomas T. Butcher, C. W. Churchman, John 
R. White, Charles SchafFer ; Notary— Peter Crans, 110 South Third 
Street. 

Western. — Joseph Patterson, President ; George M. Troutman, Cashier. 
Discounts on Tuesdays and Fridays. Closed 4th July, Christmas, and 1st 
January. Capital, $500,000. Directors — Joseph Patterson, Charles S. 
Wood, John Wright, William Camm, William A. Blanchard, M, Brooke 
Buckley, John R. Worrell, William A. Everly, Samuel E. Stokes, Isaac 
Jeanes, Morris Patterson, H. L. Carson, Cornelius Stevenson ; Notary, 
J. Brobston, 5 Library Street. 

Commercial. — Jacob M, Thomas, President ; J. J. Cope, Cashier. Dis- 
counts on Tuesdays and Fridays. Closed 4th July, Christmas, and 1st 
January. Capital $1,000,000. Directors — Jacob M. Thomas, Joseph 
Jones, Newberry A. Smith, Alfred Fassitt, John Trucks, Samuel Brooks, 
William Wainwright, George Fales, Ward B. Haseltine, Washington 
Brov^n, George W. Steever, John G. Whelan, George Campbell ; Notary 
— J. Brobston, 5 Library Street. 

Manufacturers'' and Mechanics'. — John Jordan, Jr., President ; M. W. 
Woodward, Cashier. Discounts on Tuesdays and Fridays. Closed 4th 
July, Christmas, and 1st January. Capital, $300,000. Directors — John 
Jordan, Jr., Joseph H. Seal, Frederick Gaul, William P. Cresson, N. 
Randolph, William C. Kent, Joseph B. Myers, David Woelpper, John 
Gilbert, Curwen Stoddart, George W. Carpenter, Edwin Spooner, John 
Phillips; Notary, John H. Bringhurst. 

Northern Liberties. — R. L. Pitfield, President; — S. W. Caldwell, 
Cashier. Discounts on Tuesdays and Fridays. Closed 4th July, Christ- 
mas, and 1st January. Capital $350,000. Directors— R. L. Pitfield, Tho- 
mas Hart, Samuel Grant, Benjamin Baker, Joseph T. Mather, Isaac 
Koons, Charles Koons, E. W. Keyser, Joshua Lippincott, Charles J. 
Sutter, Cephas G. Childs, Peter A. Keyser, R. B. Kirkpatrick, John 
Naglee, Jr., Henry Grim ; Notary, Charles H. Roberts, 279 North Third 
Street. 

Penn Township. — Elijah Dallett, President ; James Russell, Cashier. 
Discounts on Wednesdays and Saturdays. Closed 4th July, Christmas, 
and 1st January. Capital, $225,000. Directors — Elijah Dallett, James 
H. Stroup, William C. Ludwig, John Dallett, John P. Steiner, William 
H. Love, Henry Budd, William P. Sharpless, Amos Ellis, James S. 
Medara, James H.Deas, Joseph Reakirt, Samuel Schober; Notary, Peter 
Crans, 110 South Third Street. 

Southwark. — James S. Smith, President ; John B. Austin, Cashier. 
Discounts on Mondays and Thursdays. Closed 4th July, Christmas, and 
1st January. Capital, $250,000. Directors— J. S. Smith, Jr., Walter 
Thompson, Joseph B. Andrews, Francis J. Rue, J. Williamson, Jr., 
James Spencer, Richard H. Morrell, John Burton, William Clark, D. H. 
Flickwir, H. O'Donnell, Louis Roberts, George W. Smith ; Notary, Peter 
Crans, 110 South Third Street. 



THE FIRE DEPARTMENT. 401 

Union, Rising Sun Village. 
BusTLETON, in Biistleton. 
Columbia, in Germantowu. 
Decatur, in Frankford. 
Fellowship, in G-ermantown. 
Franklin, in Germantown, and 
The Good-Intent, in Roxborougli. 
Thirty-seven in all. 

hose companies. 

America, Carpenter Street below Seventh. 

Columbia, Cherry above Seventh Street. 

Carroll, Fourth above Master Street, Kensington. 

Diligent, Madison above Race Street. 

Fairmount, Ridge Road and Eleventh Street. 

Franklin, Broad above Fitz water Street. 

Good-Will, Wood near Nixon Street, Spring Garden. 

Good-Intent, Prune near Fourth Street. 

Hibernia, Master Street near the Germantown Road. 

Hope, Union below Second Street. 

Humane, Wood near Third Street, Northern Liberties. 

Independence, George Street near Cohocksink Creek, Ken- 
sington. 

Jackson, Margaretta below Second Street. 

Kensington, Queen Street, Kensington. 

Lafayette, Fourth near Brown Street, Northern Liberties. 

Moyamensing, Eighth below Fitzwater Street, Moyamen- 
sing. 

Marion, Queen below Sixth Street, Southwark. 

Neptune, Crown below Vine Street. 

Northern Liberty, New Market above Coates Street, 
Northern Liberties. 

34* 



402 PHILADELPHIA AS IT IS. 



Kensington. — Jonathan Wainwright, President; Charles Keen, Cashier. 
Discounts on Tuesdays and Fridays. Closed 4th July, Christmas, and 
1st January. Capital, $250,000. Directors — Jonathan Wainwright, Mi- 
chael Day, Hugh Smith, Samuel Magargee, Jacob P. Donaldson, Alex- 
ander Peterson, Lewis Shinnick, John T. Smith, William T, M'Neely, 
Eli Garrison, Andrew M'Bride, John Taylor, Samuel P. Stratton ; Soli- 
citor — St. George T. Campbell; Notary — Samuel S. Clements. 

United States. — Office No. 70 Walnut Street. J. Robertson, Presi- 
dent. 

Bank of Commerce. — Adolph E. Borie, President ; J. C. Donnell, Cash- 
ier. Discounts on Wednesdays and Saturdays. Closed 4th July, Christ- 
mas, and 1st January. Capital, $250,000. Directors — Adolph E. Borie, 
Wm. E. Bowen, Rodney Fisher, Charles Henry Fisher, A. W. Thomp- 
son, W. W. Longstreth, Alex. Brown, Edward C. Knight, Thos. B. 
Wattson, Thorndike Deland, Alfred Slade, Peter Cullen, J. M'Alister; 
Notary, J. Brobston, 5 Library Street. 

Tradesmen'' s, Southwest corner of Second and Spruce Street. — Charles 
H. Rogers, President; John C. Curran, Cashier. Discounts on Wed- 
nesdays and Saturdays. Closed 4th July, Christmas, and 1st January. 
Chartered, 1847. Capital, $150,000. Directors— Charles H. Rogers, 
John Carrow, Archibald M'Intyre, Robert Coane, Howell Evans, Elijah 
Jones, Joseph Feinour, James M'Cann, Archibald Robertson, Edward 
J. Kenney, William Wells, Jacob Weaver, J. B. Bloodgood; Notary, 
J. Brobston, 5 Library Street. 

State BanJi at Camden. — John Gill, President; A. M'Calla, Cashier. 
Discounts on Wednesdays and Saturdays. Office No. 12 Church Alley. 
Directors — John Gill, John M. Kaighn, Joseph W. Cooper, S. W. Jones, 
John O. Boyd, J. J. Spencer, Charles C. Stratton, James Good, John M. 
Taylor, S. R. Lippincott, Charles Reeves, Richard Fetters; Notary, 
J. H. Porter, Camden, N. J. 

CUSTOM HOUSE. 

Collector. — Wm. D. Lewis. 

Deputy Collectors. — Charles Triechel, Charles M. Prevost. 

Naval Officer. — Peter C. Ellmaker. 

Deputy Naval Officer. — John D. George. 

Surveyor. — Wm B. Norris. 

Deputy Surveyor. — R. T. Conrad. 

Directions. — The Desks are numbered, from 1 toll, and the business 
done at each Desk is as follows : 

No. 1. Fees and Cash Duties received. 
Collector and Naval Officer. 

Counter. Deputy Collector's. 

Counter. Deputy Naval Officer's. 
No. 2. Estimating and Liquidating Duties. 
No. 3. Weigher. 
No. 4. Debenture Coastwise. 
No. 5. Export, Debenture, Bounty, &c. 
No. 6. Warehousing. 
No. 7. Bonds and Permits. 
No. 8. Naval Officer. Duties, Exports, tfcc. 
No. 9. Invoices, Protections, and Marine Hospital. 

Counter. Entrance and Clearance of Vess*^ls. 
No. 10. Registers, Enrolments and Licenses. 
No. 11. Miscellaneous. 



THE FIRE DEPARTMENT. 403 

Niagara, Plum near Third Street, Southwark. 

Philadelphia, Seventh above Market Street. 

Perseverance, Quarry near Third Street. 

Pennsylvania, Eighth above Spring Garden Street, Spring 
Garden. 

Robert Morris, Lombard above Eighth. 

Eesolution, Cherry above Fifth Street. 

EiNGGOLD, Randolph above Franklin Street. 

Schuylkill, Locust above Twelfth Street. 

Spring Garden, Parrish below Twelfth Street, Spring 
Garden. 

South Penn, Tenth near Thompson, Penn District. 

Southwark, Second and South Street. 

Shiffler, Moyamensing Road below Federal Street, South- 
wark. 

United States, Tammany near Fourth Street, Northern 
Liberties. 

Vigilant, Federal below Eighth Street. 

Washington, Ninth above Filbert Street. 

Western, Schuylkill Third above Lombard. 

William Penn, Frankford Road near Franklin Avenue, and 

Weccacoe, Catharine near Front Street, Southwark. 

Thirty-seven in all. 

hook and ladder companies. 

The Empire, Franklin above Wood Street, Spring Garden, 
and, 

The Keystone. This is a new Association ; they have not 
obtained their apparatus yet, but expect to do so early in the 
season. 



404 PHILADELPHIA AS IT IS. 



INSPECTORS OFFICES. 

Office for the Northern District, above Race Street. The Northern 
District extends from the North side of Market Street to Gunner's Run. 

Office for the Middle District, 32 South Wharves, corner of Ton Alley. 
The Middle District extends from the south side of Market to the north 
side of Spruce Street. 

Office for the Southern District, 92 South Wharves. The Southern 
District extends from the south side of Spruce Street to the Navy Yard. 

PHILADELPHIA EXCHANGE. 

President. — Thomas C. Rockhill. Treasurer. — Charles S. Boker. 
Secretary. — John R. Wucherer. Super intende7it. — Michael Dunn. 

Ma7iagers. — Robert Ewing, Charles S. Boker, Thomas C. Rockhill, 
J. J. Vanderkemp, Stephen Baldwin, Wm. Piatt, W. E. Bowen, Thomas 
Pratt, John R. Wucherer. 

INSURANCE COMPANIES. 
FIRE AND MARINE. 

North America. — Office No. 60 Walnut Street, south side, east of Third. 
President, Arthur G. Coffin ; Secretary, Henry D. Sherrerd. Capital 
$500,000. Shares $10. Dividends, January and July. 

Insurarice Company of the State of Fe7insylvania. — Office No. 4 Ex- 
change. President, John Stewart ; Secretary, William Harper. Capital 
$200,000. Shares $200. Dividends, February and August. 

Delaware Mutual Safety Insurance Company. — Office (north room of 
the Exchange) Third Street. President, William Martin ; Vice-President, 
Thomas C. Hand; Secretary, Joseph W. Cowan. 

Marine Risks and Risks by Steamboats, Railroads, Rivers, and 
Lakes insured on the most favourable terms. Losses will be liberally and 
promptly adjusted. 

Fire Risks on Merchandise, Buildings, and other property insured, 
either in town or country, for a limited time or permanently. 

Columbia. — Office No. 5 Exchange. President, George F. M'Call- 
mont ; Secretary, C. Marquedant Burns. Charter perpetual. 

MARINE. 

Union Mutual. — Office northeast corner Third and Walnut Street, in 
the Exchange Buildings. President, Richard S. Smith ; Secretary, George 
Lewis. Capital $300,000. Dividends, January. 

The original stockholders being paid their reserved capital, the profits 
will hereafter be divided annually among those who have paid premiums 
during the year, in proportion to the amounts of their earned premiums. 

Phoenix Mutual. — Office No. 52 Walnut Street. President, John R. 
Wucherer; Secretary, David Lewis. Capital $240,000. Shares $20. 
Dividends, January. 

American Mutual. — Office No. 56 Walnut Street. President, William 
Craig ; Vice-President, Thomas Allibone ; Secretary, Davis B. Stacey. 



INTERNAL IMPROVEMENTS. 405 



CHAPTER XI. 

INTERNAL IMPROVEMENTS. 

Perhaps in no particular has society changed to a greater 
extent, within the last fifty years, than in the mode and rapidity 
of travelling. In those days, a journey to New York or 
Baltimore, or even to Trenton, was both a long and tedious 
one, accomplished, for the most part, on horseback, or in 
wagons. In 1775, six weeks were occupied in going to and 
returning from Boston ; and at a still later period, it took ten 
or twelve days to make the journey to New York, a distance 
now accomplished in four and a half hours. Then the post- 
carrier was the most important personage in the community ; 
his arrival, announced by his well-known horn, was the caus^ 
of a much greater sensation in the community than that now 
excited by " the latest news from Europe.'^ 

The first improvement towards facilitating the communica- 
tion between distant parts of the country, was the construction 
of turnpike roads. This subject early attracted the attention 
of the public in this State, particularly of the city of Phila- 
delphia. In 1791, the Lancaster Turnpike Company was in- 
corporated, and the road opened to travel in 1795. In 1804, 
the Germantown and Perkiomen Turnpike-road Company was 
chartered, and the road completed two years afterwards. The 
advantages of these enterprises, being the first of the kind in 
the United States, soon led to the establishment of others. At 
present there are no less than one hundred and seventy of these 
companies in Pennsylvania, having together over four thousand* 
miles of turnpike road. 



406 PHILADELPHIA AS IT IS. 



Washington Mutual Insurance Company. — Office No. 58 Walnut Street. 
President, Charles S. Riche; Secretary, Henry M. Springer. 

Mercantile Mutual Insurance Company. — Office, 50 Walnut Street. 
President, Edward Harris Miles; Vice-President, Wm. iVI. Godwin; 
Secretary, John C. Keffer. 

FIRE. 

Philadelphia Contrihutionship. — Office No. 96 South Fourth Street. In- 
corporated March 25th, 1752. James S. Smith, Treasurer and Secretary. 

Mutual Assurance. — Office No. 54 Walnut Street. President, Richard 
Willing ; Treasurer and Secretary, Lawrence Lewis. 

American. — Office No. 72 Walnut Street. President, Samuel C. Mor- 
ton ; Secretary, Jos. G. Mitchell. Capital $375,000. 

Pennsylvania Fire Insurance. — Office 134 Walnut Street. President, 
Quintin Campbell; Secretary, Beaton Smith. Capital, by law, $400,000. 
Charter perpetual. 

Franklin.— O^ce No. 163^ Chestnut Street. President, Charles N. 
Bancker; Secretary, Charles G. Bancker. Capital, 8400,000, paid in. 
Shares SIOO. Dividends, April and October. Charter perpetual. 

Fire Association. — Office No. 34 North Fifth Street. President, George 
W. Tryon; Treasurer and Secretary, Wm. T. Butler. 

County PiVe.— Office No. 248 North Third Street. President, Charles 
J. Sutter ; Secretary, Jacob F. Hoeckley. Capital $400,000. Charter per- 
petual. Dividends January and July. 

Spring Garden Mutual. — Office northwest corner of Sixth and Wood 
Streets. President, L. Shuster; Secretary, L. Krumbhaar. Charter per- 
petual. 

Reliance Mutual Insurance Company. — Office southwest corner of 
Walnut and Fifth Streets. President, George W. Toland ; Secretary, B. 
M. Hinchman. 

Philadelphia Insurance Company. — Office No. 44 Walnut Street, South- 
west corner of Dock. President, Joseph Cowperthwait ; Vice-President, 
Joseph M. Thomas; Secretary, William Martin, Jr. 

LIVES AND ANNUITIES. 

Pennsylvania Company for Insurance on Lives and Granting Annuities. 
— Office No. 66 Walnut Street. President, Hyman Gratz ; Actuary, 
Wm. B. Hill. Capital $500,000. Shares $100. Dividends January and 
July. Charter perpetual. 

The Girard Life Insurance, Annuity, and Trust Company, of Philadel- 
phia. — Office No. 132 Chestnut Street. President, Thomas Ridgway ; 
Treasurer and Actuaiy, John F. James. Capital $300,000. Charter per- 
petual. 

Pe7in Mutual Life Insurance Compa7iy. — Office northeast corner of 
Third and Dock Streets. President, Daniel L.Miller; Vice-President, 
Samuel E. Stokes; Secretary, John W. Hornor. Caphal $215,000. 

Equitable Mutual Life Insurance Company. — Office, northeast corner 
Fourth and Chestnut Streets. President, Peter Cullen ; Vice-President, 
William M. Baird ; Secretary and Actuary, J. D. Miles. 
. United States Life hisurarice Annuity and Trust Company. — Office 
southeast corner Third and Chestnut Streets. President, Stephen R. 
Crawford ; Secretary and Treasurer, Charles G. Imley. Actuary, Pliny 
risk. 



INTERNAL IMPROVEMENTS. 407 

"We learn from good authority, that, from the establishment 
of the first-named of these corporations, to the year 1824, the 
enormous sum of 822,000,000 was expended in this State on 
turnpikes, bridges, canals, and railroads. Thus, strange as it 
may appear to the general reader, Pennsylvania took, if not 
the first, an early and an active part in introducing that splendid 
system of internal improvement now so characteristic of the 
United States. 

Before any of her sister States appreciated their importance, 
Pennsylvania had adopted an harmonious chain of canals and 
railroads, which, when fully completed, will intersect every 
part of the State, leaving no point at a greater distance from 
those great highways than, at most, thirty miles. If she failed 
at an earlier day in accomplishing so desirable an object, it 
was not for want of the spirit of enterprise, but rather, that 
she was too much in advance of the age. If for a time sus- 
pended, these improvements were not abandoned. Our citizens 
have again entered the field with renewed and determined 
energy. 

The great Central or Pennsylvania Eailroad, which is to 
bind this city to the fertile Yalley of the Mississippi, and to 
open untold avenues of trade to our merchants and tradesmen, 
is now rapidly progressing towards completion. Nor is this 
work, vast though it be, all that now engrosses the attention 
of the citizens of Pennsylvania. Companies have been char- 
tered, and means are being procured to complete those lines 
projected to reach the Lakes, the trade of which already ex- 
ceeds in value the whole foreigrn commerce of the Union. 

The Columbia and Pennsylvania Railroad. — Depot, 
Market, west of Broad Street ; Directors' Ofiice, Walnut, west 
of Third Street. This road, when completed, will form a 
continuous route from the west end of the Market Street 
Bridge, through Lancaster, Columbia, Harrisburg, Lewistown, 



408 PHILADELPHIA AS IT IS. 



Hartford Life and Health Insurance Company. — Office No. 145 Chest- 
nut Street. President, J. Dixon; Secretary, H. L. Miller; Agents, Gil- 
lett & Coggshall. 

Philadelphia Life Insurance Company. — Office northwest corner Third 
and Walnut Streets. President, R. P. King; Secretary, F. Blackburne. 

Natio?ial Safety Insurance and Trust Company — Saving Fund. — Office 
62 Walnut Street. President, Henry L. Benner; Secretary, William J. 
Reed. 

Glohe lnsura7Lce and Trust Company. — No. 312 North Second Street. 
Osmon Reed, President ; Samuel Bonnell, Cashier. Directors — Osmon 
Reed, Howell Hopkins, Elijah Tyson, Henry Simons, Peter Fisher, 
George Butz, Jr., John Smith, James D. Whetham. 

RAILROAD, COAL, AND CANAL COMPANIES. 

Lehigh Coal and Navigation Company. — Office No. 82 South Second 
Street. President, James Cox; Secretary, Edwin Walter; Treasurer, 
Otis Ammidon. 

Schuylkill Navigation Company. — Office, 72 Walnut Street. President, 
Frederick Fraley ; Secretary and Treasurer, Charles W. Bacon. 

Union Canal Company. — Office No. 56 Walnut Street (Farquhar Build- 
ings). President, R. B. Davidson ; Secretary and Treasurer, Oscar 
Thompson. Capital, $2,800,000. 

Camden and Amboy Railroad and Transportation Company. — Office No. 
45 South Wharves (up stairs). President, Robert L. Stevens ; Treasurer, 
James S. Green. 

Chesapeake and Delaware Canal Company. — Office 64^ Walnut Street. 
President, C. Newbold, Jr. Secretary and Treasurer, Peter Lesley. 

Mount Carbo?i Railroad Company. — Office No. 785 Walnut Street. 
President, J. R. White, Secretary and Treasurer, James C. Donnell. 

The Philadelphia and Reading Railroad Company. — Office corner of 
Fourth and Willing's Alley. Depot, Broad and Cherry Streets. Presi- 
dent, John Tucker; Secretary and Treasurer, Samuel Bradford. 

JSlount Carho7i and Port Carbon Railroad Company. — Office Library 
Street. President, J. Tucker; Secretary and Treasurer, M. Campbell. 

Schuylkill Valley Navigation and Railroad Company. — Office Library 
Street. President, J. Tucker ; Secretary and Treasurer, M. Campbell. 

Philadelphia, Wilmitigto7i , and Baltimore Railroad Company. — Office 
No. 7 Library Street ; President, S. M. Felton; Secretary and Treasurer, 
Alex. Campbell. 

Philadelphia and Trenton Railroad Company. — Office No. 46 South 
Wharves (up stairs). President, W. G. Alexander; Treasurer, J. R. 
Thomson ; Secretary, James Morrell. 

Delaware Coal Company. — Office No. 78? Walnut Street. President, 
J. R. White ; Secretary, William Robinson, Jr. 

The Little Schuylkill Navigation, Railroad, and Coal Company. — Office 
80i Walnut Street. President, F. N. Buck; Secretary and Treasurer, 
G. H. Newkirk. 

Philadelphia, Germantown, and Norristown Railroad Company. — Office 
corner of Ninth and Green Streets. President, Wm. E. Morris ; Trea- 
surer, John F. Watson. 

Buck Mountain Coal Company. — No. 82 Walnut Street. President, F. 
A. Cornly ; Secretary and Treasurer, Thos. H. Trotter. 



RAILROADS. 409 

Huntingdon, Hollidaysburg, and Pittsburg, to Beaver ; thence 
through Salem, Masillon, Wooster, Mansfield, Columbus, 
Springfield, Dayton, to Cincinnati. A branch intersects this 
road at Salem, leading to Cleveland; another at Bellefonte, 
which will run through Indianapolis to Terre Haute in In- 
diana. This branch it is contemplated to carry through the 
State of Illinois to St. Louis, thence to Independence, where 
it will unite with the great Oregon route. The importance of 
this great Central or Pennsylvania Railroad to the prosperity 
of Philadelphia, cannot be too highly appreciated by her 
citizens. 

Philadelphia, Reading, and Pottsville Railroad. — 
Depots, corner of Vine and Broad Streets, and corner of Cherry 
and Broad Streets. Directors' Office, Fourth below Walnut 
Street. This road commences at Broad and Vine Streets, 
thence on the east side of the river Schuylkill to the Columbia 
Bridge, where it crosses to the west side, thence following the 
river to Reading, Pottsville, Sunbury, Northumberland, and 
Williamsport. 

This road is one of the most valuable in the State, running 
as it does through the richest coal region in Pennsylvania. It 
has, by its extensive means of transit, contributed to make our 
city the coal market of the Atlantic States. It is contemplated 
to extend a branch, one of great importance, too, from this 
road at Pottsville, to Elmira, where it will intersect the New 
York and Erie Railroad. When this project is carried out it 
will materially benefit the trade of Philadelphia, by securing, 
not only the custom and travel of the northern counties of 
Pennsylvania, but, to a great extent, that also of Western New 
York, Canada, and the Northwestern States. A branch leaves 
this road at the Schuylkill Falls, and crosses by a beautiful 
viaduct to the east bank, thence pursues an eastern course to 
Port Richmond. 

35 



410 PHILADELPHIA AS IT IS. 



Beaver Meadow Railroad and Coal Company. — Office No. 84 Walnut 
Street. President, W. W. Longstreth; Treasurer and Secretary, Lloyd 
Chamberlain. Capital $1,000,000. 

Hazleton Coal Company. — No. 81 Walnut Street. President, Samuel 
Moore; Treasurer, Benjamin Davis. Capital $400,000. 

Mine Hill a7id Schuylkill- Haven Railroad Company. — Office, Hall of 
the Franklin Institute. President, J. C. Cresson; Secretary and Trea- 
surer, Samuel Mason. 

North Branch Iron and Coal Company. — Office No. 76i Walnut Street. 
President, Wm. H. Winder; Secretary, John S. Riddle; Treasurer, 
Samuel Ashmead. 

Pennsylvania Railroad Company. — Office No. 70 Walnut Street. Pre- 
sident, J. Edgar Thomson ; Secretary, Thomas T. Firth ; Treasurer, 
Geo. V. Bacon. 

Tioga Railroad Compa?iy. — Office No. 25 Philadelphia Exchange. Pre- 
sident, Joseph W. Ryerss ; Treasurer and Secretary, A. E. Dougherty. 

Harrishurg, Portsmouth, Mount Joy, and La?icaster Railroad Company. 
Office No. 95^ Walnut Street. President, Joseph Yeager ; Secretary 
and Treasurer, George Taber, 

Philadelphia and Havre De Grace Steam Tow-Boat Compaiiy. — Office 
64^ Walnut Street. President, Wm. S. Smith ; Secretary and Treasurer, 
P. Lesley. 

Philadelphia and Lancaster Turnpike Road Compaiiy. — Office southeast 

corner Walnut and Third Streets (second floor). President, ; 

Treasurer, Joseph Perot. 

Frankford and Bristol Turnpike Road Company. — Office 64j Walnut 
Street. Treasurer, R. P. Lardner. 

Mill Creek and Mine Hill Navigation and Railroad Company. — Office, 
Library Street. President, J. Tucker; Secretary and Treasurer, M. 
Campbell. 

Siskovnt Mining Company of Michigan. — Office 130 Arch Street. Pre- 
sident, Sol. Alter ; Secretary and Treasurer, Jas. G. Clark. 

Ontonagon Mi7ii?ig Company of Michigan. — Office 95i Walnut Street. 
President, Clement Marsh ; Secretary and Treasurer, Jos. H. Trotter. 

Northwest Mining Company of Michigan. — Office 46i Walnut Street. 
President, Jas. G. Clark; Secretary, John Fausset. 

Eagle GoldMining Company. — Office No. 8, backof 95| Walnut Street. 
President, James G. Clark; Treasurer, J. H. Trotter. 



RAILROADS. 411 

Philadelphia and Trenton Railroad. — Passengers by 
this road leave the foot of Walnut Street by steamboat, for 
Tacony, thence by railway through Bristol and Morrisville 
to Trenton ; thence by the Trenton and New York Railroad, 
through Princeton, New Brunswick, and Newark, to Jersey 
City ; thence by ferry to New York. 

Camden and Amboy Railroad. — This line leaves Phila- 
delphia at Walnut Street wharf by ferry to Camden, thence 
by railway through Burlington, Bordentown, Hightstown, to 
Amboy ; thence by steamboat, via the Raritan River, to New 
York. This route we recommend particularly to the tourist. 

Philadelphia, Wilmington, and Baltimore Railroad. 
— Depot, at present. Market, near Eleventh Street. Directors' 
office. Library Street, between Fourth and Fifth Streets. This 
great southern route extends from Broad and Prime Streets, 
through Chester, Wilmington, Havre de Grace, Baltimore, 
Washington, Fredericksburg, Richmond, Charleston, Savannah, 
Montgomery, and Mobile, to New Orleans. 

Norristown and Germantown Railroad. — Depot, Ninth 
and Green Streets. This road extends to Norristown, passing 
through Manayunk. About three miles north of the city, a 
branch leaves this road, and runs to Germantown. 

West Chester Railroad, Depot, Broad near Race Street, 
extends from a point on the Columbia and Pennsylvania Rail- 
road, about twenty-two miles from Philadelphia, to West 
Chester. 

The City Railroad, extends from the west side of the 
Schuylkill River, which it crosses by Market Street Bridge, to 
Third Street, down Third to Dock Street, thence to the Dela- 
ware River. A branch runs north and south on Broad Street, 
from Vine to South or Cedar Street. 

Southwark Railroad, unites with the City Railroad, at 
Broad and South Streets, from whence it runs to Washington 
Street ; then down that street to the Delaware River. 



412 



PHILADELPHIA AS IT IS. 



PHILADELPHIA AS IT IS, IN 1851, 

TOGETHER WITH 

ALL OTHER PUBLICATIONS 

OF 

KINDSAIT & BLAKZSTON' 

PHILADELPHIA, 

CAN BE HAD OF 

THE PRINCIPAL BOOKSELLERS IN THE UNITED STATES, 

INCLUDING THE FOLLOWING : 

MAINE. 

Masters, Smith & Co., ----- Hallowell. 

George Lord, Portland. 

E. F. Duren & Co., Bangor. 

NEW HAMPSHIRE. 

J. F, Shores, ------- Portsmouth. 

Currier & Hall, Concord. 

J. & J. Prentiss, Keene. 

MASSACHUSETTS. 

Ticknor & Co., ------ Boston. 

Gould & Lincoln, ------ Po. 

Crosby, Nichols & Co., Do. 

S. K. Whipple & Co., Do. 

Redding & Co., Do. 

Hotchkiss &Co., - Do. 

Fetridge & Co., Do. 

John Bartlett, - - - - - - Cambridge. 

H. Whipple, ------- Salem. 

J. Philbrick, ------- Lowell. 

Hopkins, Bridgman & Co., - - - - Northampton. 

Merriam, Chapin & Co., - - . - Springfield. 

E. N. Tucker, __---_ Worcester. 

C. Taber, New Bedford. 

CONNECTICUT. 

S. Babcock, - New Haven. 

W. J. Hammersley, Hartford. 

VERMONT. 

E. Smith & Co., - . - - - - Burlington. 



BRIDGES. 413 

Northern Liberties and Spring Garden, or Willow 
Street Railroad, leaves the Reading Railroad at Broad 
Street, and runs down "Willow Street to the Delaware River. 
A branch up Ninth Street connects this road to the Norristown 
Railroad. 

Steamboats leave Philadelphia daily for New York, Balti- 
more, Trenton, Wilmington, Salem, Chester, Newcastle, Bridge- 
ton, Burlington, and Bristol. A line also runs, during the 
bathing season, to Cape May. Nor must we forget the popu- 
lar line of steamboats plying on the romantic Schuylkill ; from 
Fairmount to the Columbia Bridge, Laurel Hill, and Mana- 
yunk. 

Ferry-boats run every half hour to G-loucester and Red 
Bank, and every hour to Port Richmond, Bridesburg, and 
Tacony. Those to Camden run every five minutes. None of 
these ferry-boats charge more than six and a quarter cents per 
trip. 

Bridges. — There are eight Bridges in the vicinity of Phila- 
delphia. 

The Philadelphia, Wilmington, and Baltimore Rail- 
road Bridge, at G-ray's Ferry. This is a drawbridge ; one 
side of it is appropriated to carriages and foot passengers. It 
has lately been strengthened by the erection of new arches, to 
allow the passage of locomotives, which the Company design to 
run to their new depot at Broad and Prime Streets. 

The Market Street Railroad Bridge, formerly The 
Permanent Bridge, was altered in 1850, so as to allow the 
City Railroad to form a connexion with the Columbia and Penn- 
sylvania Railroad. The structure is supported by two massive 
stone piers, and two abutments, with wing-walls. The western 
pier was sunk, at a great expense, to the depth of forty feet 
below mean tide. Over seven thousand five hundred tons of 
stone were used in its construction. The railway occupies the 

35* 



414 



PHILADELPHIA AS IT IS. 



RHODE ISLAND. 

G. H. Whitney, Providence. 

Glading & Co., Do. 

W. & J. H. Barber, Newport. 

NEW YORK. 

0. A. Roorback, - City. 

G. P. Putnam, ---.._ Dq. 

John Wiley, ------- Dq, 

D. Appleton & Co., - - -• - • - Do. 
Mason & Law, _--___ j)o. 

A. S. Barnes & Co., Do. 

Cady & Burgess, ------ Dq. 

Pratt, Woodford & Co., Do. 

Stringer & Townsend, ----- Dq. 

De Witt & Davenport, ----- Dq. 

Adriance, Sherman & Co., - - - - Po. 

Charles Scribner, ------ Po. 

J. B. Bailliere, ------ X)o. 

Little & Co., - - g^- - - - - Albany. 

E. H. Pease & Co., Do. 

Gray & Sprague, Do. 

Merriam & Moore, ------ Troy. 

Stoddart & Babcock, Syracuse. 

Derby, Wood & Co., ----- Geneva. 

Wells & Selkreg, Ithaca. 

E. Darrow, - - Rochester. 

D. M. Dewey & Co., Do. 

J. W. Fuller & Co., - - - - - - Utica. 

G. H. Derby & Co., Buffalo. 

H. M. Butler, - Do. 

Alden, Beardsley & Co., - - - - - Auburn. 

PENNSYLVANIA. 

Luke Loomis, ------- Pittsburg. 

J. S. Read, Do. 

C. H. Kay, - Do. 

F. Wyeth, -__--__ Harrisburg. 

W. H. Spangler, Lancaster. 

N. F. Spangler, ------ Columbia. 

John Ritter & Co., ------ Reading. 

J. Louden, ------- Carlisle. 

Shryock & Read, ------ Chambersburg. 

J. R. McMullin, ------ Easton. 

G. F. Worrell, ------ Westchester. 

J. Flint, ------- Williamsport. 

R. H. Guyn, ------- Mercersburg. 

B. Bannan, - Pottsville. 

W. H. Butler, ------ Wilkesbarre. 

Mr. Buchler, ------- Gettysburg. 

Mr. Oswell, - York. 



BRIDGES. 



415 




'^r^^H/M' 



MARKET STREET RAILROAD BRIDGE. 



north side, the south side being appropriated to carriages. 
Outside of each way, are accommodations for foot passengers, 
protected by substantial railings. It is free of toll. 

The Fairmount Bridge. — The first bridge erected on this 
site was a beautiful and unique structure. It consisted of a 
single arch, of three hundred and forty feet span, resting on 
abutments of stone. This span was said to have been at least 
ninety feet longer than that of any other bridge in the world. 
After its destruction by fire, the present elegant suspension 
bridge was erected by the county, in 1841, at a cost of $55,000. 
It is much admired for its beauty and simplicity, as well as the 
ingenuity of its construction. 

The additional bridges are. The Columbia Bridge, The 
Richmond Railroad Bridge, at the Schuylkill Falls ; one 
at Manayunk, one at Flat Rock, above Manayunk, and the 
NoRRiSTOWN Railroad Bridge, over the Wissahiccon River. 



416 



PHILADELPHIA AS IT IS. 



DELAWARE. 

J. T. Heald, Wilmington. 

MARYLAND. 

Gushing & Bailey, ------ Baltimore. 

Armstrong & Berry, Do. 

T. N. Kurtz, ------- Do. 

J. S. Waters, Do. 

Burgess, Taylor & Co., ----- Do. 

DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA. 

F. Taylor, - - Washington. 

Taylor & Maury, ------ Do. 

R. Farnham, ------- Do. 

VIRGINIA. 

Robert Bell, - - Alexandria. 

R. C. Barclay, Norfolk. 

E. P. Nash & Co., - - - - - - Petersburg. 

Gaines & Richie, Do. 

C. B. White, ------- Fredericksburg. 

Wurteubaker & Fife, ----- Charlottesville. 

C. P. McKinnie, Do. 

Nash & Woodhouse, Richmond. 

A. Morris & Brother, ----- Do. 

Harold & Murray, - - _ _ _ Do. 

J. W. Randolph & Co., Do. 

Methodist Book Concern, _ - _ _ Do. 

Payne & Brother, ------ Lynchburg, 

R. Garwood, Wheeling. 

J. G. Alderson, ------ Lewisburg. 

Watts, Estill & Co., - - - - - White Sulphur 

Springs. 
NORTH CAROLINA. 

H. D. Turner, ------- Raleigh. 

F. Watson, ------- Newbern. 

E. J. Hale, Fayetteville. 

Mr. Peirce, ------- Wilmington. 

D. Clewell, - - Salem. 

SOUTH CAROLINA. 

McCarter & Allen, Charleston. 

John Russell, ______ Do. 

J. M. Greer, Do. 

W. R. Babcock, ----__ Do. 

S. Hart, sen., ______ Do. 

M. B. Earle, Greenville. 

AUen & M'Carter, Columbia. 

A. Young, Camden. 



THE PRINCIPAL HOTELS. 417 

Canals. — Connected with the city are The Chesapeake 
AND Delaware Canal, Union Canal, The Pennsylvania 
Canal, Delaware Branch from Delaware to Easton, where 
it intersects The Lehigh Navigation Company's works, on 
the Lehigh River, and The Schuylkill Navigation Com- 
pany's works on the Schuylkill River. 

The Turnpike Roads are The Lancaster Turnpike, 
The G-ermantown and Perkiomen Turnpike, The Frank- 
ford AND Bristol Turnpike, The Ridge Turnpike, and 
The Cheltenham and Willow Grove Turnpike Roads. 
These roads have all been constructed by incorporated com- 
panies. 



THE principal HOTELS. 

The Hotels of Philadelphia excel in the elegance, comfort, 
and convenience of their interior arrangement and accommoda- 
tion. 

The United States Hotel, Chestnut Street, opposite the 
Custom House, is one of the largest and best-managed esta- 
blishments in the City. 

Jones's Hotel, Chestnut Street, between Sixth and 
Seventh Streets. This house combines all that is requisite to 
render the stranger's sojourn pleasant and desirable. 

The Columbia House, situated in Chestnut Street, opposite 
the last-named, is also an excellent house ; its enterprising pro- 
prietors spare no eflFort or expense to render it one of the best 
in Philadelphia. 

The Washington House, Chestnut Street, between Se- 
venth and Eighth Streets. The accommodations of this su- 
perior hotel are widely known and appreciated, by the travelling 
public. 



418 



PHILADELPHIA AS IT IS. 



GEORGIA. 

y-J.WiUiams, Savannah. 

J. M. Cooper & Co., j)q 

J. B. Cubbage, _ j)q 

J. M'Pherson & Co., Atalanta. 

Jf^- PY""*' Madison. 

1. Richards & Son, - - - _ _ Augusta 

J. A. Carrie & Co., Po. * 

J. J. & S. P. Richards, - - - _ _ Macon 

A. C. Flewellen&Co., Columbus. 

W. C. Richards & Co., Athens. 

ALABAMA. 

J. K. Randall, Mobile. 

M. Boulemet, ----__ j)q 

W. Strickland, ---___ j)q* 

T. J. Carver & Co., Do' 

D. Woodruff, Tuscaloosa. 

S^^^'f\^\"le, Montgomery. 

Cox & Noble, Huntsville. 

Mr. Yancey, Wetumpka. 

LOUISIANA. 

J. B. Steele, - N^w Orleans. 

Thomas L. White, Do_ 

J. C. Morgan, Po] 

John Ball, ----_._ j)q 

B. M. Norman, j)q 

MISSISSIPPL 

W. H Fox, Natchez. 

O. 0. Woodman, Vicksburg. 

TENNESSEE. 

Z' ?• 5.7.'"^' Nashville. 

y- I^- ^hite, Knoxville. 

C. C. Cleaves, Memphis. 

KENTUCKY. 

Dwight Brown, Lexington. 

J. Bodley & Co., - Po^ 

E. Cox, jun., ---.-.. Maysville. 

xt* -i; Vf^*^' ". ^ Georgetown. 

F. W. Prescott & Co., Louisville. 

Reckwith & Morton, Do 

y-Ta"^"^'. Frankfort. 

J.L. fenedley, Harrodsburg. 

MISSOURI. 

^••P^fw^'^r' " St. Louis. 

Keith & Woods, Do. 

W. Philips, jun., Do." 

E. K. Woodward, - Do. 



THE PRINCIPAL HOTELS. 



419 




TUE GIRARD HOUSE. 



The Girard House, Chestnut Street, between Eighth and 
Ninth Streets, exceeds, in its architectural character and ar- 
rangements, any similar establishment in Philadelphia, and 
is one of the largest and most magnificent hotels in the United 
States. The interior is particularly deserving of attention, 
being, not only a model, in point of convenience of arrangement, 
but ornamented in most excellent taste, and finished and fur- 
nished in a degree of splendour rarely excelled. 

The architect, John M' Arthur, Esq., has happily combined 
elegance with the richest decoration throughout the whole 
building. The accommodations are also in keeping with the 
architectural character of the house. These, with the advan- 
tages of its location, will no doubt, render " The Girard" a dis- 
tinguished and fashionable resort. 

The Merchants' Hotel. — This large and popular hotel is 
in Fourth below Arch Street — one of the most desirable loca- 



420 



PHILADELPHIA AS IT IS. 



OHIO. 

H. W. Derby & Co. Cincinnati. 

W. Phillips & Co., Do. 

Moore & Anderson, Do. 

Jacob Ernst, ---___ Do. 

M. C. Younglove, Cleveland. 

Smith, Knight & Co., Do. 

George Howard, - - - - - - Wooster. 

G. R. Morten, ---__. Sandusky. 

J- Jones, Chilicothe. 

A. L. Frazier, Steubenville. 

J. H. Riley, Columbus. 

W. W. Reed & Sons, Zanesville. 

D. J. Beggar & Co., Masillon. 

E. D. Payne, ---.._ Dayton. 
Parsons & Co., Elyria. 

INDIANA. 

J. R. Aunemaker, New Albany, - _ _ Terre Haute. 

Davis & Ray, ---... Indianapolis.' 

Samuel Lister, - Evansville. 

ILLINOIS. 

S. C. Griggs & Co., - - - - - Chicago. 

J. Keene & Brother., Do. 

E. J. Cowell, Peoria. 

MICHIGAN. 

C. Morse, Detroit. 

A. M'Fannin, Do. 

TEXAS. ' 

J. M. Jones, Galveston. 

CALIFORNIA. 

J. H. Coghill, San Francisco. 

Cook & Lecount, - Do. 

Armour & Ramsay, Montreal. 

Benjamin Dawson, - . - . . Do. 

Ramsay, Armour & Co., - - - - Kingston. 

Ramsay, Armour & Co., - - - - Toronto. 

George Barnes, Hamilton. 

P. Sinclair, ----___ Quebec. 

E. G. Fuller, ---.... Halifax, N. S. 

Delf & Trubner, Paternoster Row, - - - London. 

John Chapman, Strand, Do. 



PHILADELPHIA AS IT IS, IN 1852, 
Will also bo found for reference in the principal Hotels throughout 

the United States. 



RELICS OF THE PAST. 421 

tions in the city. The reputation of " The Merchants' '^ can be 
estimated by the fact, that its " list'' is always full. 

The Franklin House, Chestnut between Third and Fourth 
Streets, has lately undergone extensive alterations, and is now 
fitted up in superb style. 

The American Hotel, Chestnut Street opposite the State 
House, has also undergone extensive alterations. It now 
extends from Chestnut to Minor Street, and has accommoda- 
tions for over three hundred boarders. 

Congress Hall, Chestnut below Third Street. This house, 
though boasting of no architectural beauty, is yet an extensive 
hotel, having accommodations for over two hundred and fifty 
inmates. Congress Hall, on Third above Chestnut Street, is 
part of the same establishment. 

In addition to these, there are The Union Hotel (a new 
establishment). Arch west of Third Street; The Eagle Hotel, 
Third above Race Street; The City Hotel, Third below Arch 
Street; The Red Lion Hotel, Market above Sixth Street; The 
Mansion House, Market and Eleventh Street ; The Madison 
House, Second below Arch Street; The Mount Yernon 
House, Second above Arch Street ; The AYhite Swan, Race 
above Third Street; Bloodgood's Hotel, South Wharves; 
Ridgway's Hotel, Market and North Wharves; Jones's 
Hotel, Dock below Third Street; Bull's Head Hotel, 
Sixth above Callowhill Street, with many others ; — all extensive 
stablishments, afi"ording every comfort and accommodation toe 
their inmates, that can possibly be desired, — so that the traveller 
need not fear making a bad selection. 

RELICS OF the PAST. 

Few of these remain in Philadelphia ; they are being swept 
away by the onward tide of modern improvement. Like a 



422 PHILADELPHIA AS IT IS. 



BOOKS PUBLISHED 

BY 

LINDSAV & BLAKISTON, 

No. 25 South Sixth Street, 

(ABOVE CHESTNUT,) 

IP I) i I a b e I p 1) i a . 



MEDICAL AND SCIENTIFIC BOOKS. 

HARRIS'S DICTIONARY of DENTAL SURGERY and MEDI- 
CAL TERMINOLOGY, a royal 8vo. volume, Sheep $5 00 

HARRIS'S PRINCIPLES and PRACTICE OF DENTAL SUR- 
GERY, fourth edition, greatly enlarged and improved, 200 
Illustrations, 8vo. . „ - Sheep 4 00 

JOURDAIN'S DISEASES and SURGICAL OPERATIONS of the 
MOUTH, with Illustrations, 8vo. - - Sheep 2 50 

BOND'S PRACTICAL TREATISE on DENTAL MEDICINE, 
8vo. - . . - . Sheep 2 00 

MEIGS' VELPEAU'S MIDWIFERY, 4th American, from the last 
French Edition, with numerous additions and illustrations, 
8vo. ..... Sheep 3 50 

MENDENHALL'S MEDICAL STUDENT'S VADE-MECUM, 
being a compendium of Anatomy, Surgery, the Practice of 
Medicine, &c., &c. A new edition, enlarged, with numerous 
Illustrations, Royal 12mo. - - Sheep 2 50 

THE PHYSICIAN'S VISITING LIST, DIARY and ALMANAC, 

published each year, - in Flexible Leather 50 

Do. do. do. Tucks 75 

Do. do. do. Pencils 75 

MOORMAN'S GUIDE TO THE VIRGINIA SPRINGS; the Use 
of the Waters, &c. &c. - - - - 75 

COMFORT'S THOMSONIAN PRACTICE OF MEDICINE, 
8vo. ..... Sheep 3 00 

REESE'S ANALYSIS OF PHYSIOLOGY, a new and enlarged 
edition, ..... Sheep 1 50 



THE PENN COTTAGE. 423 

traveller, looking back through the scenes which he has passed, 
we view with regret, many places of interest previously dis- 
regarded, which now rise before us, when the power to enjoy 
them can never return. 

Old buildings, ruins, or places rendered memorable by scenes 
of patriotism, or as being the homes of genius or virtue, have 
ever been held in veneration by the people of all ages and na- 
tions. With what emotions do we view the battle-fields of 
the Revolution ? With what admiration do we tread 'Uhose 
halls" consecrated to undying fame, by the eloquence and 
wisdom of a Washington, Adams, Franklin, Jefferson, Henry, 
and hosts of others, whose words and deeds elevate the name 
of America ? To us, these places and scenes awake, not one 
idea only, but a long line of glowing thoughts, which, by their 
pleasing associations, produce to the mind infinite delight. 

Among the few memorials of olden days still remaining in 
this city, is 

The Penn Cottage, situated in Lsetitia Court, Market 
Street between Front and Second Streets. It is memorable as 
being one of the first, if not the first brick building erected in 
Philadelphia, and also as being the residence of William Penn, 
during his first visit to this country, in 1682-83. 

The area originally attached to the property, extended from 
■ Front to Second Street, and from Market Street south to the 
present Black Horse Alley. The space to Front Street was 
laid out as a lawn, and was shaded by a luxuriant growth of 
forest trees, interspersed with shrubbery. On the Second 
Street side was the garden, containing many choice and rare 
fruit trees. The principal entrance to " The Mansion," was 
by an avenue leading to Second Street ; another extended down 
the present court to IMarket Street. The first-named is now 
occupied, for the most part, by Harris's Court, — a filthy, ill- 
ventilated place, principally tenanted by poor families. 



424 PHILADELPHIA AS IT IS. 



Lindsay & Blakiston's Publications, continued. 

CRAIGE'S ELEMENTS of GENERAL and PATHOLOGICAL 
ANATOMY. Royal 8vo. - - Sheep 3 00 

CAZEAUX'S MIDWIFERY, including the Diseases of Pregnancy 
and Parturition, translated by R. P.Thomas, M.D. 116 Illus- 
trations and a coloured frontispiece, 1 vol. 8vo. - 3 00 
5^^ This work has received the almost universal commendation 
of the Medical Press and Profession of this country, and has 
been adopted as a Text Book by the Royal Council of Instruction 
in France. 
HASTINGS' MINOR SURGERY, the Application of Dressings, 
&c. &c., v^^ith 143 Illustrations, - - Cloth 1 38 
Do. do. do. do. Sheep 1 50 
REESE'S AMERICAN MEDICAL FORMULARY, including the 
Medical Properties and Uses of Medicines, Cloth 1 38 
Do. do. do. do. Sheep 1 50 
MEIGS' PRACTICAL TREATISE on the DISEASES OF CHIL- 
DREN, .... Cloth 1 38 

Do. do. do. do. Sheep 1 50 

STILLE'S ELEMENTS of GENERAL PATHOLOGY, Cloth 1 38 
Do. do. do. - - Sheep 1 50 

TUCKER'S PRINCIPLES and PRACTICE of MIDWIFERY, 
with numerous Illustrations, in - - Cloth 1 38 

Do. do. do. do. Sheep 1 50 

EARTH & ROGERS' MANUAL of AUSCULTATION and PER- 
CUSSION, for Physicians and Students, second edition, en- 
larged, 12mo. .... Cloth 63 

SIMPSON on the USES of CHLOROFORM and ETHER in SUR- 
GERY, MIDWIFERY, &c., 1 vol. 8vo. - Cloth 1 25 
FLAGG on ETHER and CHLOROFORM in SURGERY, DEN- 
TISTRY, MIDWIFERY, THERAPEUTICS, &c. &c., 12mo. 

Cloth 75 

MURPHY'S REVIEW of CHEMISTRY for STUDENTS, adapted 

to the principal Medical Schools in the United States. 

12mo. .... Cloth or Sheep 1 00 

THE PHYSICIAN'S POCKET PRESCRIPTION BOOK, contain- 
ing lists of Terms, Phrases, Abbreviations, &c. &c., from the 
Tenth London Edition, - - - - 63 

HORNER'S STUDENTS' GUIDE in EXTRACTING TEETH, 

with Illustrations, 12mo. - - . Cloth 50 

HARBERT'S SURGICAL and MECHANICAL DENTISTRY. 

Illustrated - - - - - - 1 25 

ARTHUR'S MANUAL of DISEASES of the TEETH, with Illus- 
trations, --.... 50 

TOMES' DENTAL PHYSIOLOGY and SURGERY. 



THE TENN COTTAGE. 



426 




THE I'ENN COTTAGE. 



Tiie building, of wliicli our illustration is a correct ^iew, as 
it existed in better days, is at present very much dilapidated, 
and falling rapidly into ruin. 

The Slate-Roof House, another interesting relic, derives 
its name from the fact, that for several years after its erection 
it was the only building covered with that material in Phila- 
delphia. The year of its erection is uncertain ; however, it was 
prior to 1700, for we find William Penn and his family occu- 
pying it, during his second visit, in that year. In it John Penn, 
" the American," was born. 

^' The Slate-Roof subsequently became a noted boarding- 

3G* 



426 PIIiLADELPUIA AS IT IS. 

Lindsay & Blakiston's Publications, continued. 

SMITH'S DOMESTIC MEDICINE, &c. &c., for families, 
12mo. - . . - . Cloth $1 25 

THE FAMILY MEDICAL CHEST COMPANION, or Domestic 
Medicine, Surgery and Materia Medica, with directions for 
Diet, Management of the Sick Room, Administration of Medi- 
cine, Bathing, &c. &c. - - - Cloth 1 38 
Do. do. do. - Sheep 1 50 

BULL ON THE MATERNAL MANAGEMENT OF CHILDREN 
IN HEALTH AND DISEASE, 12mo. - Cloth 75 

MACKINTOSH'S PRACTICE OF MEDICINE, by Morton, third 
ed., 8vo. - . - . Sheep 3 00 

VON BEHR'S HANDBOOK OF HUMAN ANATOMY. 

Sheep 1 50 

HASTINGS' LECTURES ON YELLOW FEVER. Cloth 50 

COXE'S EPITOME OF HIPPOCRATES AND GALEN, 8vo. 

Sheep 3 50 

BIDDLES REVIEW OF MATERIA MEDICA AND THERA- 
PEUTICS, FOR STUDENTS. With Illustrations, 1 00 

JENNER ON TYPHOID AND TYPHUS FEVER. 

TUCKER'S INTERNAL PATHOLOGY AND THERAPEUTICS. 

HOLDEN'S MANUAL OF THE DISSECTION OF THE HUMAN 
BODY, arranged upon a new and systematic plan. 

WALKER ON INTERMARRIAGE ; its Influence upon Beauty, 
Health and Intellect; a new edition, with eight Illustrations. 
12mo. ..... Cloth 75 

MORFIT'S CHEMICAL AND PHARMACEUTICAL MANIPU- 
LATIONS, with 423 Illustrations, 8vo. - Cloth 2 00 
Do. do. do. do. Sheep 2 25 

NOAD'S CHEMICAL ANALYSIS, Quantitative and Qualitative, 
with additions by Campbell Morfit, and numerous Illustra- 
tions, 8vo. ..... Cloth 2 00 

Do. do. do. do. Sheep 2 25 

BEASLEY'S DRUGGISTS' GENERAL RECEIPT BOOK. 

Cloth 1 38 
Do. do. do. do. Sheep 1 50 

BEASLEY'S POCKET FORMULARY, a Companion to the Drug- 
gists' Receipt Book, .... Cloth 1 38 
Do. do. do. do. Sheep 1 50 

WYTHE'S MICROSCOPISTS' MANUAL FOR STUDENTS AND 
OTHERS, with numerous Illustrations. - Cloth 1 00 

WRIGHT'S AMERICAN RECEIPT BOOK, containing 3000 Re- 
ceipts in all the Useful and Domestic Arts. 12mo. 

Cloth 1 00 

OVERMAN'S PRACTICAL MINERALOGY, ASSAYING AND 
MINING. 12mo. .... Cloth 75 



THE SLATE- ROOF HOUSE. 



427 




THE SLATE ROOF HOUSE. 



Iiouse. Within its walls, Greneral Forbes, second in command 
and eventually successor to the unfortunate Greneral Braddock, 
breathed his last, and from it he was borne to his long home, with 
imposing military honours. At a later period, it was the tem- 
porary abode of John Adams, John Hancock, and many other 
distinguished members of the first Congress, and also of Baron 
Be Kalb, who fell in the cause of American Independence, at 
the battle of Camden. In it, too, the brave but eccentric Ge- 
neral Lee died. His remains were interred in Christ Church 
yard, alongside of the present Church Alley. 

This house, once so honoured and renowned, now, alas ! wears 
a sadly-neglected appearance, — the front rooms of the lower 



[28 PHILADELPHIA AS IT IS. 



Lindsay & Blakiston's Publications, continued. 

PERIODICALS. 

RANKINGS HALF-YEARLY ABSTRACT OF THE MEDICAL 
SCIENCES, 7 volumes published, bound iu Sheep, price per 
vol., - - - - - - - $2 00 

14 numbers, do. Paper, per No. 75 

Published half-yearly in February and August, per 

annum, - - - - - -150 

To Mail Subscribers, postage prepaid, - - 2 00 

THE MEDICAL EXAMINER, and Record of Medical Science, 
edited by Francis Gurney Smith, M.D., and J. B. Biddle, M.D. 
Published monthly, per annum, - - - 3 00 

THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACY, published by 
authority of the Philadelphia College of Pharmacy. Quar- 
terly, per annum, - - - - - 2 50 

THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF DENTAL SCIENCE, edited by 
C. A. Harris, M.D. Published Quarterly, per annum, 5 00 

ILLUSTRATED SCRIPTURAL LIBRARY. 

THE WOMEN OF THE SCRIPTURES, containing the Female 
Characters of the Old and New Testament, Illustrated by 
11 Steel Engravings, and 2 Illuminated pages. Octavo. 

Cloth, Extra Gilt Edges 3 00 
Do. do. do. Turkey Morocco 4 00 

SCENES IN THE LIFE OF THE SAVIOUR, by the Poets and 
Painters, Illustrated by 8 Steel Plates and 2 Illuminated pages. 
Octavo, in - - Cloth, Extra Gilt Edges 3 00 

Do. do. do. Turkey Morocco 4 00 

SCENES IN THE LIVES OF THE PATRIARCHS AND PRO- 
PHETS. Illustrated by 8 Steel Plates and 2 Illuminated 
pages. Octavo, in - Cloth, Extra Gilt Edges 3 00 

Do. do. do. ' Turkey Morocco 4 00 

SCENES IN THE LIVES OF THE APOSTLES, with 8 beautiful 
Illustrations on Steel and 2 Illuminated pages. Octavo, 

Cloth, Extra Gilt Edges 3 00 
Do do. do. Turkey Morocco 4 00 

AMERICAN AND BRITISH FEMALE POETS. 

THE AMERICAN FEMALE POETS, with Biographical and Cri- 
tical Notices, and copious Selections from their Writings, by 
Caroline May, author of Treasured Thoughts, &c. &c. 



carpenters' hall. 429 

story being occupied as a huckster's shop, and those in the 
rear as a saw manufoctory, while the upper stories are used by 
a cabinet-maker as a varnish-room. 

From its location, corner of Norris's Alley and Second Street, 
unless preserved by some public-spirited individuals, this old 
memorial will soon be among the things that were. 

The Old London Coffee-House, southwest corner of 
Front and Market Streets. This building was erected in 1702, 
and occupied as a public house in 1754. For many years 
it was the most noted place of resort for strangers, as well as 
citizens, in Philadelphia. Here were held all auctions of horses, 
carriages, produce, &c. ; and here, strange as it may now appear 
to citizens of the present time, negro men, women, and children, 
were bought and sold as slaves. 

The premises are now occupied, the lower story as a tobacco 
store, and the upper as a barber's shop. 

Loxley House, situated on the corner of Little Dock and 
Second Street, derives its name from its first proprietor, who is 
celebrated by Mr. Graydon in his ^'Memoirs" (an excellent 
book of the olden time, an edition of which has lately been 
issued by Lindsay & Blakiston), as a military chieftain of fame 
during the '^ Paxton War" excitement. 

It derives its principal interest, however, from having been 
the residence, during the Revolution, of Lydia Darrah, the 
story of whose patriotism and devotion in conveying to General 
Washington timely information of the secret attack which the 
British meditated upon the American lines, near Germantown, 
is known to every school-boy throughout the country. 

The building is at present occupied as a clothing depot. 

Carpenters' Hall. — This edifice is situated in Carpenters' 
Court, running south from Chestnut below Fourth Street. This 
celebrated building will ever be cherished by the friends of 
American Independence. Within its walls, the first Congress 



430 PHILADELPHIA AS IT IS. 

Lindsay & Blakistoii's Publications, continued. 

THE AMERICAN FEMALE POETS. 

Octavo Edition, 12 Steel Plates, Cloth, Gilt Backs S2 00 
Do. do. Library Sheep 2 25 

Do. do. Cloth, Extra Gilt Edges 2 75 

Do. do. Turkey Morocco 4 00 

12mo., cheap Edition, 2 Steel Plates, Cloth, Gilt Backs 1 25 
Do. do. Cloth, Extra Gilt Edges 1 75 

BRITISH FEMALE POETS, with Biographical and Critical No- 
tices, and copious Selections from their Writings, by the Rev. 
Geo. W. Bethune, D.D. 

Octavo Edition, 12 Steel Plates, Cloth, Gih Backs 2 00 
Do. do. Library Sheep 2 25 

Do. do. Cloth, Extra Gilt Edges 2 75 

Do. do. Turkey Morocco 4 00 

12mo., cheap Edition, 2 Steel Plates, Cloth, Gilt Backs 1 25 
Do. do. Cloth, Extra Gilt Edges 1 75 

PRESENTATION AND POETICAL WORKS. 

WATSON'S NEW DICTIONARY OF POETICAL QUOTATIONS, 
consisting of Elegant Extracts on every subject, compiled 
from various authors and arranged under appropriate heads. 



Octavo Edition, 


9 Steel Plates, 


Cloth, Gilt Backs 


2 00 


Do. 


do. 


- 


Library Sheep 


2 25 


Do. 


do. 


. 


Cloth, Extra Gilt Edges 


2 50 


Do. 


do. 


- 


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4 00 


12mo. Edition, 


- 


- 


Cloth, Plain 


1 25 


Do. 


. 


. 


Cloth, Gilt Edges, Sides, &c. 


1 75 


Do. 


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2 50 



WELD'S DICTIONARY OF SCRIPTURAL QUOTATIONS, or 
Scripture Themes and Thoughts as paraphrased by the Poets. 
Edited by the Rev. H. Hastings Weld. 12mo. 

Cloth, Plain 1 25 

Do. do. do. Cloth, Extra Gilt 1 75 

Do. do. do. Turkey Morocco 2 50 

THE STAR OF BETHLEHEM, a Christmas Present for the Young, 

by the Rev. H. Hastings Weld, with Illustrations, 1 25 

POETICAL AND PROSE ILLUSTRATIONS OF CELEBRATED 

AMERICAN PAINTERS, with 1 1 Illustrations on Steel, 3 00 

THE WOODBINE, a Gift for the Holidays, by Caroline May, with 

9 Steel Plates. .... Cloth 1 50 

Do. do. do. Turkey Morocco 2 00 

MONTGOMERY'S POETICAL WORKS, collected by Himself, 

with Portrait and Vignette Title page. 



carpenters' hall. 



431 




carpenters' hall. 



of the United Colonies of North America assembled, — a Con- 
gress whose fame is the watchword of nations — a Congress of 
men who loved Liberty for Truth's sake — thoroughly indepen- 
dent, characterized by that self-denial which disdains the false 
and transient reputation of the day. Their wisdom and elo- 
quence, as legislators, their skill, heroism, and judgment on 
the battle-field, and their devotion to the sacred cause of their 
country's independence, as men, have never been excelled, 
either in ancjent or modern days. Is it surprising, then, that 
this Hall, the witness of that "Union'' which constitutes the 
glory of the present age, is held dear to all friends of rational 
Freedom ? 

The building is of brick, two stories high, surmounted by a 
cupola. The figade is in the Roman style of architecture. The 



432 PHILADELPHIA AS IT IS. 



Lindsay & Blakiston's Publications, continued. 

BETHUNE'S LAYS OF LOVE AND FAITH, and other Poems. 

Cloth SI 25 

Do. do. Cloth, Gik Edges and Sides 1 50 

TREASURED THOUGHTS FROM FAVOURITE AUTHORS, by 

Carolme May, author of American Female Poets, &c. 12mo. 

Cloth 1 00 

Do. do. do. Turkey Morocco 2 50 

A GENERAL HISTORY OF THE SEVENTH-DAY BAPTIST 

CHURCHES, by Mrs. Tamar Davis. 12mo. Cloth 100 

WATSON'S CAMP FIRES OF THE REVOLUTION, with 50 

Original Illustrations, by Croorae. 8vo. 

Cloth, Gilt backs, Marble Edges $2 00 

Do. do. Morocco " " •' 2 25 

WALKER'S RHYMING, SPELLING AND PRONOUNCING 

DICTIONARY. Royal 12mo. - - - 1 50 

MATTHIAS'S LEGISLATIVE MANUAL, or Guide for Organizing 

and Conducting Public Meetings, 18mo. Cloth 38 

HEAVEN, OR THE SAINTED DEAD, by the Rev. H. Harbaugh; 

the Third Edition. 12mo. - - Cloth 75 

THE HEAVENLY RECOGNITION OF FRIENDS, by the Rev. H. 

Harbaugh. 12mo. - - - - 75 

PHILADELPHIA AS IT IS, IN 1852, with a Map and numerous 

beautiful Illustrations. 12mo. - - Cloth 1 50 

THE CHRISTIAN FAMILY LIBRARY. 

THE WOMEN OF THE OLD AND NEW TESTAMENT, Twelve 
Plates, 12mo. - - Cloth, Gilt Backs 1 00 

Do. do. do. Extra Gilt Edges 1 50 

SCENES IN THE LIFE OF THE SAVIOUR, Twelve Plates. 
12mo. - - - Cloth, Gilt Backs 1 00 

Do. do. do. Extra Gik Edges 1 50 

SCENES IN THE LIVES OF THE PATRIARCHS AND PRO- 
PHETS, Twelve Plates. 12mo. Cloth, Gilt Backs 1 00 
Do. do do. Extra Gik Edges 1 50 
SCENES IN THE LIVES OF THE APOSTLES, Twelve Plates. 
12mo. - - - Cloth, Gilt Backs 1 00 
Do. do. do. Extra Gik Edges 1 50 
THE ROSEMARY, a Sacred Gift for all Seasons, with Eight Illus- 
trations on Steel, and an Illuminated Frontispiece, 8vo. 

Cloth, Extra Gik 2 00 

Do. do. do. Eng. Turkey 2 50 

BERNARD BARTON'S LIFE, LETTERS AND POEMS, Edited 

by his Daughter, with a Portrait, - - 1 00 

Do. do. Cloth, Gilt Edges and Sides 1 50 

Do. do. Turkey Morocco 2 50 



RELICS or THE PAST. 433 

principal entrance leads to the Assembly Room, in which Con- 
gress first met. It is now occupied as an auction mart. In 
the second story, the various committees had their apartments ; 
they are at present used for the storage of furniture, &c. 

Carpenters' Hall was originally erected by the Association of 
House Carpenters. It is, we believe, still their property; 
though seldom used for the purpose for which it was intended, 
viz., the meetings of the Society. 

The Indian Queen Hotel, Fourth Street between Market 
and Chestnut, was once renowned as '' the hotel'' of Philadel- 
phia. Here, for some time during the Revolution, Thomas 
Jefferson resided. His chamber was the southwest room in 
the second story. It was long supposed that he wrote the 
Declaration of Independence in this apartment. This interesting 
fact, however, was settled by the late Dr. Mease, to whom Mr. 
Jefferson stated, on inquiry, that when he wrote that instru- 
ment he resided in 

Hultsheimer's New House, at the southwest corner of 
Seventh and Market Streets. This building, sacred from this 
fact, is now occupied, the lower story as a clothing depot, and 
the upper by a printing office and meeting rooms for the 
United Order of American Mechanics. The very chamber 
occupied by Mr. Jefferson is now the office of the secretary of 
that association. 

In addition to the above few relics, the reader will find man}^ 
others, together with much valuable information respecting 
the early settlement and history of the city, in '' The Annals 
of Philadelphia," by J. F. Watson. To those who love to 
dwell upon '^old-time recollections," and to trace the progress 
of our beautiful city, this book cannot be too highly recom- 
mended. Mr. A. Hart, publisher, Philadelphia, has lately 
issued a handsome edition of this valuable work, in two octavo 
volumes. 

37 



434 PHILADELPHIA AS IT IS, 



Lindsay & Blakiston's Publications, continued. 

THE YOUNG LADIES' HOME, by Mrs. L. C. Tuthill. 12mo. 

Cloth, plain 75 
Do. do. do. do. '' gilt $1 25 

Popular and Miscellaneous Books, &e. 

MACKAY'S EXTRAORDINARY POPULAR DELUSIONS, 2 vols. 
12rao. ..... Cloth 2 00 

THE GOLDEN SANDS OF MEXICO, or True Riches. 12mo. 

Cloth 75 
FANNY FOLEY'S ROMANCE OF THE OCEAN. 12mo. 

Cloth 75 

MANURES ; their Composition, Preparation and action upon 

Soils. 18mo. .... Cloth 38 

TUCKERMAN'S CHARACTERISTICS OF LITERATURE, 1st 
and 2d series. 12mo. - - Cloth, each 75 

Do. do. do. 2 vols, to match, 1 50 

THE POLYGLOTT BIBLE. 12mo., clear type, 

Library Sheep 1 25 

Do. do. " '^ Embossed 1 25 

Do. do. '' '' London Calf 1 75 

Do. do. " '^ Turkey Morocco 3 00 

This Bible is well bound and printed, and is superior to any other 

Bible of its size in the market. 
A BIOGRAPHY OF MARGARET MERCER, by Caspar Morris, 
M.D. 12mo. w . . . Cloth 63 

A MEMOIR OF WM. R. FALLS, THE PORTSMOUTH CRIP- 
PLE. ISmo. .... Cloth 38 

BROWNING'S CONVICT SHIP, with Preface and Notes by Rev. 
J. H. Fowles, ..... 63 

DARLINGTONS MEMORIALS OF JOHN BARTRAM AND 
HUMPHREY MARSHALL. Octavo. - Cloth 2 00 

A HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE, from the Earliest Period, with 
a Glossary of Architectural Terms, and nearly 200 Illustra- 
tions. 8vo. .... Cloth 3 50 

THE LIFE AND CORRESPONDENCE OF PRESIDENT REED. 

Edited by Wm. B. Reed, Esq., 2 vols. 8vo. Cloth 4 00 

GRAYDON'S MEMOIRS OF HIS OWN TIMES, 1 vol. 8vo. 2 00 

THE YOUNG WIFE, a Manual of Moral, Religious and Domestic 

Duties, Illuminated title. Extra Cloth, Plain Edges 38 

Do. do. '• '' ■ Gilt " 50 

THE YOUNG HUSBAND, a companion to the Young Wife. 

Extra Cloth, Plain Edges 38 

Do. do. do. " " Gilt " 50 

ETIQUETTE FOR LADIES. " '• Plain '' 38 

Do. do. " " Gih '' 50 



THE FARQUHAR BUILDING. 



435 




THE FARQUHAR BUILDING. 



Farquhar Building, Walnut below Third Street. — This 
elegant structure^ erected by the gentleman whose name it bears, 
forms a prominent object of attraction in the vicinity of its 
location. The building extends to Pear Street, and is four stories 
high ; the front is of brown stone, constructed in the Italian 
style of architecture. Its proportions and decorations have 
been much and deservedly admired, especially so, when con- 
trasted with some of the productions of bad taste, with which 
our city, within the last few years, has been disgraced ; — this 
remark applies particularly to private edifices. In our edition 
for 1853, we propose appropriating a portion of the work to 
private buildings, mansions, &c., noticing, however, only those 



436 PHILADELPHIA AS IT IS. 

Lindsay & Blakiston's Publications, continued. 

ETIQUETTE FOR GENTLEMEN, a pocket manual. 

Extra Cloth, Plain Edges 38 
Do. do. do. " " Gilt '• 50 

HANDBOOK FOR THE MAN OF FASHION. 

Extra Cloth, Plain Edges 38 
Do. do. do. " " Gilt " 50 

JOHNSON'S POCKET DICTIONARY, Diamond Edition, with a 
Portrait and Table of Names of distinguished deceased Ameri- 
cans, 32mo. - . - _ Cloth 38 
Do. do. do. Embossed Gilt 50 
Do. do. do. Tucks, Gilt Edges 63 
HALIBURTON'S YANKEE STORIES, a new and improved edi- 
tion, with Illustrations. Royal 12mo. On fine paper. 

Cloth Si 00 

SCHOOL BOOKS. 

SERON'S NEW MODERN FRENCH READER. Mosaique 
Frangais au Choix de Sujets, &c.. 12mo. Half Roan 75 

iESOP'S FABLES, in French, with a French and English Dic- 
tionary of the Terms used in it. 18mo. Half Roan 38 

WILLEMENT'S CATECHISM of FAMILIAR THINGS. Re- 
vised, with additions by an American Teacher, for the use of 
Schools and Families. 12mo. - Half Roan 50 

RAWSON'S DICTIONARY of the SYNONYMICAL TERMS of 
the ENGLISH LANGUAGE, - - 63 

JARVIS'S PIANO-FORTE INSTRUCTOR, a new and improved 
edition, . - . - Half Bound 1 50 

This Work is recommended by Darley, Cross, and other teach- 
ers of the highest standing. 

MY LITTLE GEOGRAPHY, for PRIMARY SCHOOLS, edited by 
Mrs. L. C.TuTHiLL, with numerous original Illustrations, 19 

Chambke of the Controllers op Public Schools, "i 

First School District op Pennsylvania, v 
Philadelphia, Octoher 8th, 1850. S 
At a Meeting of the Controllers of Public Schools, First District, of Pennsylvania, 
held at the Controllers' Chamber, on Tuesday, September 10th, 1850, the following 
Resolution was adopted : 

Resolved, That the work entitled "My Little Geography, by Mrs. L. C. Tuthill," 
be introduced, to be used in the Primary Schools of the District. 

ROBERT J. HEMPHILL, Secretary. 
To Messrs. Lindsay & Blakiston. 

THE YOUNG AMERICAN'S LIBRARY, 

Illustrated, and bound in Cloth, gilt backs, containing, 
THE YANKEE TEA PARTY, or Boston in 1776, by Henry C. 

Watson, author of Camp Fires, &c., with Illustrations, 63 

THE OLD BELL OF INDEPENDENCE, or Philadelphia in 1776, 

by Henry C. Watson, with Illustrations, - - 63 



CONCLUSION. 437 

worthy of public attention for their beauty, novelty, conve- 
nience, or substantial construction. 

The Farquhar Building is occupied by various insurance 
companies, agencies, brokers, &c., for which purpose it is well 
adapted, no less from its situation than convenience of internal 
arrangement. Among its numerous offices is that of Mr. Far- 
quhar, its enterprising proprietor, and also that of J. G. Hol- 
broke, Esq., Fire, Life, and Marine Insurance Agent. 



In conclusion, we assure our readers that no exertion has 
been wanting on our part, to render the present edition perfect 
and correct; but the multiplicity of objects which ihe work 
embraces, renders it impossible to prevent some errors or 
omissions. Corrections and suggestions of every kind that may 
tend to enhance the value of the work, particularly notices of 
improvements, new institutions, and associations, together with 
the annual reports of the various benevolent, literary, scientific 
religious, and other societies, are earnestly solicited. 

The encouragement bestowed upon our efforts in the present 
volume, inspires us with renewed energy and determination to 
to render the succeeding edition equally worthy of 

PHILADELPHIA AS IT IS, 

IN 185 3. 



ot 



7^- 



438 PHILADELPHIA AS IT IS. 



Lindsay & Blakiston's Publications, continued. 

THE LIFE OF GENERAL WASHINGTON, 9 Illustrations, 63 
" "■ BENJAxMIN FRANKLIN, 9 " 63 

'' " GENERAL LAFAYETTE, 9 '' 63 

'' '' '' MARION, 9 '^ 63 

'' '' WILLIAM PENN, 9 '' 63 

'^ " GENERAL JACKSON, 9 " 63 

•^ " " TAYLOR, 9 " 63 

THE INDIANS and THE GOLD MINES, or. The Source of True 
Riches, ---.__ 63 

THE LIFE of NAPOLEON BONAPARTE, - - 63 

The 11 Volumes, as above, bound in sets, to match, $6 50 

JUVENILES. 

THE IVY WREATH, by Mrs. Hughs, with six Illustrations on 
Steel, and an Illuminated Frontispiece. 

Cloth, Extra Gilt Edges, Sides, &c. 1 00 

BUDS and BLOSSOMS for the YOUNG, by Mrs. Hughs, with 
numerous Illustrations. - - Cloth 75 

THE CHILD'S OWN BOOK of ANIMALS, 12 large and beau- 
tifully coloured Illustrations, - - Cloth 1 00 

THE BOYS' and GIRLS' NEW MISCELLANY, over 50 Illustra- 
tions, . - - - . Cloth 75 

ALADDIN, or THE WONDERFUL LAMP, 15 coloured Illustra- 
tions, . - . _ . Cloth 75 

THE LIFE and TRAVELS of GENERAL TOM THUMB, (Chas. 

Stratton,) beautifully Illustrated, Cloth, Plain Plates 50 

Do. do. do. do. Coloured 63 

PILGRIM'S PROGRESS, for the Young, beautifully Illustrated, 
16mo. . - - . Cloth 50 

A VISIT TO THE MENAGERIE, by a Father and his Children, 
numerous Illustrations, . . , Cloth 50 

MRS. TUTHILL'S JUVENILE GEOGRAPHY, numerous Illustra- 
tions, in - - - Cloth, Gilt Sides 25 
AUNT MARY'S LIBRARY, containing 



Lizzie Linden, 
Frank Worthy, 
May Morning, 
Young Artist, 
Generosity, 



Mother's Birth Day, 
Proud Girl Humbled, 
Gipsy Fortune Teller, 
Young Sailor, 
Holidays in the Country, 



Each with Coloured Frontispiece, bound in cloth, - 25 

The above ten vols, bound in cloth, in sets, - 2 50 

The same do. do. in boxes, - - 2 50 

THE ALPHABET MADE EASY, or One Step at a Time, 

Coloured, Cloth 38 



INDEX, 



A Word to the Reader, 13 

A Talk about the Past and Present 

History of the City, 14 
Adams' Express, 36 
Anderson, J. B.,VenetianBlinds,44 
Altenms, J. T., Bookbinder, 44 
Archambault, A. L., Machinist, 48 
Ashmead, George, Druggist, 60 
At wood & Co., Dry Goods, 80 
Assembly Buildings, 79 
Arch Street Hall, 81 
Atlantic & Milford Glass Works, 

116 
Ashmead, Samuel B., Boots and 

Shoes, 132 
Academy of the Protestant Episco- 
pal Church, 147 
of the Visitation, Philadelphia, 

147 
of Fine Arts, Pennsylvania, 231 
of the Natural Sciences, 201 
American Philosophical Society, 
187 
Weekly Mercury, The, 237 
Journal of the Medical Sciences, 

263 
Journal of Dental Sciences, 243 
Journal of Pharmacy, 245 
Sunday School Union, 326 
Baptist Publication Society, 313 
Mechanics, United Order of, 
329 
Athenaeum, The, 197 
Arthur's Home Gazette, 200 
Art Union of Philadelphia, 238 
Artists' Fund Society of Philadel- 
phia, 235 
Apprentices' Library, 221 
Almshouse, Friends', 261 
Blockley, 261 
Moyame using, 262 



Asylum for the Insane, Friends', 
255 
United States Naval, 256 
for Children, Blockley, 262 
Widows', 271 
for Indigent Women, Lying-in, 

272 
for Widows, St. Ann's, 272 
for Orphans, St. John's, 274 
for Female Orphans, St. John's, 

274 
for Coloured Orphans, 276 
Asylums, Magdalen, 275 
Andrew's Society, St., 277 
Atkins' & Co.'s Transportation 

Line, 348 
Attorneys at Law, 366 
Alsop, Robert, Attorney, 366 

R., Conveyancer, 370 
Auditors, City and County, 394 
Agents for the Sale of " Philadel- 
phia As It Is, In 1852," through- 
out the United States, 412 

Baird, J. & M., Steam Marble 
Works, 38, 332 

Binns, John, Commissioner of 
Deeds, 48 

Butts, Charles H., Printer, 48 

Barrington, C, Conveyancer, 64 
W., Draughtsman, 64 

Burton &Lanning, Paper Hangings, 
64 

Blood's Despatch Post, 70 

Butler, John M., Copperplate Prin- 
ter 390 

Biddl'e, R. & W. C. & Co., Hard- 
ware, 74 
E. C. & J., Publishers, 90 

Blanchard & Rock, Paper Hang- 
ings, 74 



440 



INDEX. 



Boker, Brothers & Co., Boots and 

Shoes, 80 
Broadhead, John, Commissioner of 

Deeds, 80 
Board of Trade, Philadelphia, 93 
Barcroft, Beaver & Co., Dry Goods, 

94 
Bank of North America, 95, 398 
Mechanics', 97, 400 
Farmers' & Mechanics', 97, 

400 
of Pennsylvania, 99, 398 
of Philadelphia, 101,398 
Western, 101, 400 
Girard, 103, 400 
of the Northern Liberties, 105, 

400 
of Commerce, 105, 402 
Commercial, 105, 400 
of Penn Township, 105, 400 
Southwark, 105, 400 
Manufacturers' & Mechanics', 

105, 400 
Kensington, 105, 400 
Tradesmen's, 107, 402 
at Camden, State, 107, 402 
United States, 402 
Philadelphia Savings, 107 
Banks, 95 

Savings, 107 
Bailey & Brothers, Dry Goods, 110 
Brewster & Johnson, Booksellers, 

116 
Buist, Robert, Seedsman, 118 
Buffington, J., Organ Builder, 122 
Bristow's Hall, 124 
Baily & Son, Watches and Silver- 
Ware, 134 
Baltimore & Philadelphia Steam- 
boat Company, 146 
Brightly, Joseph H., Designer and 

Engraver, 150 
Bennett & Co., Clothing Depot, 182 
Bryson, James H., Printer, 212 
Beck, J. v., Daguerreotypist, 230 
Broom, George L. & Co., Sugar 

Refiners, 238 
Banner of the Covenant, 243 
Benevolent Institutions, 249 

Society, Union, 277 
Blind, Pennsylvania Institution for 

the Instruction of the, 259 
Bleakly, John, Fund left to the City 
by, 263 



Biblical Repository and Princeton 

Review, 245 
Baptist Publication Society, Ame- 
rican, 313 
Bible Christians, 324 
The, 324 

Association of Friends, 326 
Society, Pennsylvania, 324 
Philadelphia, 325 
of Philadelphia, the Female, 

325 
Northern Liberties Female, 

326 
Germantown Female, 326 
Frankford Female, 326 
Manayunk, 326 
Roxborough, 326 
Benkert, C, Boot-Maker, 336 
Black, Thompson, Grocer, 340 
Bispham &. Son, Samuel, Grocers, 

344 
Beusse, J. H., Monument to, 347 
Brown & Co., Booksellers, 348 
Blaben, S. W., Oil Cloths, 348 
Birch, William Young, Tomb of, 

349 
Bucknor, M'Cammon & Co., To- 
bacco VVarehouse, 352 
Burch, Thomas & Co., Variety 

Store, 354 
Brettagh & Stedman, Wall Paper, 

356 
Binswanger & Eger, Foreign Dry 

Goods, 356 
Balch, Thomas, Attorney, 366 
Badger, Edward R., Attorney and 

Conveyancer, 370,375 
Board of Health, 375,396 
Baker, W. D., Engraver on Wood, 

382 
Biddle Reeves & Son, Bedstead 

Manufactory, 386 
Buck Mountain Coal Company, 408 
Beaver Meadow Railroad and Coal 

Company, 410 
Bridges, 413 

Commerce of Philadelphia, 19 

Coal Trade, 19 

Capital invested in Manufactures, 

20 
Court of Common Pleas, 25 
Cope, H. & A., Philadelphia and 

Liverpool Packets, 26 



INDEX. 



Ul 



Circuit and District Court for the 
Eastern District of Pennsylvania, 
27 

Cookman, Safford &, Curtains and 
Curtain Materials, 30 

City Hall, 31 

Croll, M. J. & C, Merchant Tai- 
lors, 34 

Custom House, 33 

Stores, 35 

City Tobacco Warehouse, 37 

County of Philadelphia, 37 

Commissioners' Hall, Southwark,37 
Moyamensing, 37 
Kensington, 37 
Northern Liberties, 37 
Richmond, 39 
Spring Garden, 39 

Cummings & Hawkins, Coal Mer- 
chants, 38 

Crissy & Markley, Publishers, 46 

Christian, Joseph M., Machinist, 48 

Crispin, Edward T., Trunk and Va- 
lise depot, 50 

Carter, Oscar C. B., Piano-Fortes, 
66 

Cummings, G. Parker, Architect, 70 

Collins, T. K. & P. G., Printers, 82, 
228 

Conrad & Roberts, Hardware, 82 

Commercial Institutions, 91 

Controllers and Directors of the Pub- 
lic Schools, 139 

Colleges, Medical, 157 

CoUaday, George W., Conveyancer, 
160 

Coulter, Henry, Willow and Wooden 
ware, 184 

Clarkson, Edward, Engraver, 188 

Crania, Dr. Morton's Cabinet of, 205 

Cattell & Craig, Ornamental Stained 
Glass, 216 

Cresson, Walter, Saws, Trowels, 
&c., 216 

College of Physicians, 217 

Crap & M'Carthy, Engravers, 230 

Cooper, P. F., Artist, 238 

Cumming's Evening Bulletin, 424 

Charitable Institutions, 249 

City Hospital, 265 

Christ Church Hospital, 266 

Churches and Religious Institutions, 
279 

Churches, Episcopal, 282 



Church, Christ, 282 

St. Peter's, 283 

Gloria Dei, or Swedes', 282 

St. James's, 284 

St. Paul's, 284 

of the Epiphany, 284 

of the Atonement, 284 

Grace, 284 

of the Ascension, 284 

of the Mediator, 284 

St. Philip's, 284 

St. Andrew's, 284 

St. Luke's, 284 

St. Stephen's, 286 

St. John's, 287 

of the Advent, 287 

St. Mark's, 287 

St. Jude's, 291 

of the Nativity, 291 

of the Messiah, 291 

of the Redemption, 291 

St. Matthew's, 292 

of Emanuel, 292 

of the Evangelist, 292 

Trinity, 292 

All Saints', 292 

German, 292 

St. Mary's, 292 

of St. James the Less, 292 

St. Thomas's, African, 292 

The Floating, 292 

of the Crucifixion, Mission, 292 
Churches, Presbyterian, 292 
Church, First Presbyterian, 293 

Second, 294 

Third, 294 

Fourth, 294 

Fifth, 294 

Sixth, 294 

Seventh, or Penn Square, 294 

Eighth, or Scots, 296 

Ninth, 297 

Tenth, 297 

Eleventh, 297 

Twelfth, 297 

Central (City), 297 

Clinton Street, 297 

Western, 297 

Associate, 297 

Logan Square, 297 

Spring Garden, 297 

Green Hill, 297 

Union, 297 

First, Northern Liberties, 298 



442 



INDEX. 



Church, Presbyterian, Ceniral, N. 
L., 298 
North, N. L., 298 

Penn, N. L., 298 

First, Kensington, 298 

Second, Kensington, 298 

First, Southwarli, 298 

Second, Southwark, 298 

Reformed, 298 

First Associate Reformed, 298 

Second Associate Reformed, 
298 

Third Associate Reformed, 298 

Fourth Associate Reformed, 298 

Fifth Associate Reformed, 298 

Cumberland, 298 

First Independent, 298 

Second Independent, 298 

Reformed, 299 

First Associate, Northern Li- 
berties, 299 

Second Associate, N. L., 299 

Associate, Southwark, 299 

Cohocksink, 299 

Port Richmond, 299 

Germantown, 299 

Mantua, 299 

Hamilton Village, 299 

Bridesburg, 299 

Frankford, 299 

Manayunk, 299 

First African, 299 

Second African, 299 

Third African, 299 
Churches, Roman Catholic, 301 
Cathedral of St. Peter and St. Paul, 

301 
Church of St. John the Evangehst, 
304 

St. Augustin's, 304 
Chapel of Our Lady of Consolation, 

304 
Church, St. Mary's, 305 

St. Joseph's, 305 

Trinity, 305 

St. Patrick's, 305 

St. Francis Xavier's, 305 

St. Philip de Neri's, 305 

St. Paul's, 305 

St. Peter's (German), 305 

of the Assumption, 306 

St. Ann's, 306 

St. Michael's, 307 

St. Mary's, Passyunk, 307 



Church, Roman Catholic, Brides- 
burg, 307 

Nicetown, 307 

Germantown, 307 

Frankford, 307 

Manayunk, 307 

St. Mary's, Manayunk, 307 

West Philadelphia, 307 
Churches, Baptist, 307 

First, 308 

Second, 308 

Sansom Street, 308 

Third, 309 

Spruce Street, 309 

Schuylkill, 311 

Tabernacle, 312 

German, 311 

New Market Street, 312 

Hope, 312 

Tenth, 312 

Eleventh, 312 

Mount Tabor, 312 

Twelfth, 312 

Broad Street, 312 

North, 312 

West Kensington, 312 

West Philadelphia, 312 

First African, 312 

Second African, 312 

Clifton Street (African), 312 

Fourth African, 313 
Churches, Methodist, 314 

Salem, 315 

Nazareth, 315 

Union, 315 

Trinity, 315 

Western, 315 

Fifth Street, 316 • 

Eighth Street, 316 

Harmony, 316 

St. John's, 316 

Sanctuary, 316 

Parrish Street, 316 

Twelfth Street, 316 

German, 316 

Old Brick, 316 

St. John's, Southwark, 316 

Mount Zion, 316 

Wharton Street, 317 

Independent, 317 

Ebenezer, 317 

St. Paul's, 317 

John Wesley, 317 

Little Wesley (African), 317 



INDEX. 



443 



Churches, Methodist, Zoar (African), 
317 

African, Northern Liberties, 317 

Bethel (African), Northern Li- 
berties, 317 

Union (African), Northern Li- 
berties, 317 

West Philadelphia (African), 317 
Churches, Lutheran, 317 

St. John's, 318 

Zion, 318, 

St. Matthew's, 3]9 

German, 319 

Zion and St. Michael's, 319 

St. Mark's, 319 

St. Michael's, Gernnanto\vn,319 

Frankford, 319 

Roxborough, 319 

Passyunk, 319 
Churches, German Reformed, 319 

First, 319 

Second, 319 

Manayunk, 319 

Roxborough, 319 
Churches, Dutch Reformed, 320 

First, 320 

Second, 420 
Churches, Moravian, 321 

Universalist, 321 

First, 321 

Second, 321 

Third, 321 

Fourth, 322 
Church, Unitarian, 322 

of the United Brethren, 324 

of the Disciples of Christ, 324 
Churches, Covenanter, 324 

Menonists', 324 

New Jerusalem, 324 
Chapels, Mariners', 324 
Cadets of Temperance, 329 
Chauveau, A. J., Confectioner, 330 
Cemeteries of Philadelphia, 331 
Craig, Jared, Printer, 338 
Colton & Burt, Wine Dealers, 340 
Curtis & Cromwell, Grocers, 344 
Clothier, Caleb, Flour Merchant, 344 
Caldwell, Charles P., Whips and 

Canes, 344 
Colladay, Charles, Buttons and 

Trimmings, 352 
Chapman, T. E., Bookseller, 352 
Cemetery, Laurel Plill, 331 

Odd Fellows', 255 



Cemetery, Glenwood, 357 
Monument, 357 

Canning, Matthew, Attorney, 366 

Collins, George Constantine, At- 
torney, 366 

City Government, The, 369 

Council, Select, 369,392 
Common, 369, 392 

City Commissioners, Board of, 369, 
392 

City and County Commissioners, 
Board of, 369, 392 

Consolidated Police, 369 

Charles, George, Stereotype Foun- 
der, 382 

County Prison, Philadelphia, 387 

Constables, 392 

City Clerk, 392 

Clerk of Police, 392 

Captains of the Night Police, 392 

Chy Surveyor, Principal, 392 
Commissioners, 394 

Commissioners of City Property, 
394 

Collectors of Water Rents, 394 

Cleaning the City, Superintendent 
for, 394 

Clerks of the Markets, 394 

City and County officers, 394 

Coroner, 394 

County Commissioners, 394 
Clerks, 394 
Treasurer, 394 

Custom House Officers, 402 

Directors of the different desks 

in the, 402 
Inspectors, 404 

Camden and Amboy Railroad and 
Transportation Company, 408 

Carbon and Port Carbon Railroad 

Chesapeake and Delaware Canal 
Company, 408 

Carbon Railroad Company, Mount, 
408 
Company, Mount, 408 

City Railroad, 411 

Camden and Amboy Railroad, 411 

Canals, 417 
Carpenters' Hall, 426 
Conclusion, 437 

Dock Creek, 15 

Dwelling-houses in Philadelphia, IS 

Declaration of Independence, 23 



444 



-^INDEX. 



District Courts, 31 

Duval, P. S., Lithographic Printing 

Establishment, 42 
Doll, George, Importer of Fancy 

Articles, 48 
Dry Dock, United States, 61 
Daniels & Smith, Booksellers, 66 
Drown, William, Umbrellas, 72 
Dummig, Charles, Musical Instru- 
ments, 86 
Delaware Mutual Safety Insurance 

Company, 92 
Directors, Controllers and, of the 

Public Schools, 139 
Duff'ee, Francis H., Insurance Agent, 

170 
Dollar Newspaper, 202 
Daily Pennsylvanian, 204 
Dreer & Hayes, Jewellers, 208 
Depuy, J. S,, Carpets, Door Mats, 

&c., 220 
Daily Morning Newspapers, 239 
Daily Evening Newspapers, 239 
Deaf and Dumb, Institution for the 

Education of the, 258 
Dispensaries, The, 267 
David's Society, St., 277 
Dutch Reformed Churches, 320 
Disciples of Christ, 324 
Druids, the Society of, 329 
Daughters of Temperance, 329 

Samaria, 329 
Day, S, M,, Looking-Glass and Va- 
riety Store, 340 
Drayton, William, Tomb of, 345 
Dickson & Co., Brushes, 348 
Davis, John G., Bookseller, 356 
Dispensary, Philadelphia, Officers 

and Managers of the, 498 
Delaware Coal Company, 408 

Equitable Life Insurance Company, 

54, 406 
Educational Book Store, 90 
Eveland, Daniel, Morocco Dealer, 

94 
Eltonhead,^Wm. D., Watchmaker, 

96 
Education, 115 

Eagle Printing Ink Works, 152 
Eclectic Medical College, 183 
Egan, John D., Bookbinder, 190 
Edwards, William B., Blank Books, 

212 



Earle's, J. S., Gallery of Paintings, 

216 
Epicureans' Retreat, Simpson's, 242 
Examiner and Record of Medical 

Sciences, 243 
Evening Bulletin, Cumming's, 244 
Evanss, David Z,, Wine Merchant, 

340 
Eckel & Robinson, Cedar and Wil- 
low ware, 352 
Ellis & Co., Wholesale Druggists, 

374 
Evans, Fancy Printing, 388 
Engine Companies, Fire, 397 
Exchange Company, Officers and 
Managers of the Philadelphia, 404 
Eagle Gold Mining Company, 410 

Frick, John H., Commissioner of 

Deeds, 42 
Franklin Fire Insurance Company, 

74 
Foster, E. B., Stencil Engraver, 74 
Franklin Hall, 79 
Fotterall Buildings, 81 
Franklin Square, 87 
Fairhill Square, 87 
Flegel, Antrim & Rogers, Kegs, 

Casks, &c., 132 
Foss, Cyrus W., Insurance Agent, 

142 
Fitzgerald's City Item, 150 
Farquhar, Edward Y., Conveyancer, 

164 
Female Medical College, 178,179 
Franklin Institute, 213 
Foliot, E., Upholsterer, 214 
Friends' Library, 221 
Free Reading-Room Association of 

Spring Garden, 225 
Fine Arts, the, 229 
Fagan, John, Stereotype Foundry, 

2~38 
Friends, Religious Society of the, 279 

Meeting Houses, 281 
Fritz. Williams & Hendry, Leather 

Store, 348 
Fisher, Thomas, Dry Goods, &c., 

352 
Flanagin & Sons, John, Grocers, 

352 
Frick, H. &c G., Saddlery Hard 

ware, 362 
Fallon, C. B., Attorney, 366 



INDKX. 



445 



Fire Department, 393 
First Fire Company, 395 
Fire Companies, Engine, 397 

Hose, 401 

Hook and Ladder, 403 
Frankford and Bristol Turnpike 

Road Company, 410 
Ferry Boats, 413 

Garrett & Co., Jewellers, 40 
Gemrig, J. H., Surgical Instruments, 

40 
Geddes, William F., Printer, 42 
Gas Works, Schuylkill Front and 
Market Streets, 53 
Spring Garden, 61 
Northern Liberties, 61 
Garden, C. H., Hats and Caps, &c., 

76 
Genth, Dr., Chemical Laboratory, 82 
Girard Life Insurance Company, 
100 
College for Orphans, 119 
Gillett & Coggshall, Insurance 

Agents, 164 
Gihon, William B., Engraver, 224 
Graphic Association, the, 233 
Gaskill, Copper & Fry, Bookbind- 
ers' Tools, 236 
Godey's Magazine, 241 
Graham's Magazine, 241 
George's Society, Saint, 277 
Gadecken, Henry L., Advertising 

Agent, 330 
Gummey, John M., Broker, 336 
Greble, Edwin, Steam Marble 

Works, 354 
Gest, John B., Attorney, 366 
Gummey, John M., Conveyancer, 

370 
Girard Trust, Treasurer of the, 394 

Estate, Agent of the, 394 
Guardians of the Poor, 394 



Hancock, John, 25 

Harbour Master, 35 

Hankins & Cummings, Coal Mer- 
chants, 38 

Holbrook, J. G., General Agent, 40 

Hoffman, G. A., Engraver, 44 

Helm & Warner, Gold Watch Case 
Manufacturers, 44 

Hov.-ard, H. & C, Machinists, 48 



Hoyt, F. H., Boys' Clothing Store, 

50 
Harnden Express, 52 
Henkels' City Cabinet Warehouse, 

56 
Harrison, S. A., Furnaces, Tiles, 

&c., 62 
Hall & Boardman, Britannia Ware, 

70 
Heger, Miss, Teacher of Music, 74 
Hay & McDevitt, Commission Mer- 
chants, 76 
Horstmann & Sons, Military Goods, 

82 
Hertzler, John, Jr., Liquor Dealer, 

96 
Hughes, A. P., Melodeons, 124 
Herring's Salamander Fire Proof 

Safes, 134 
Hastings & Co., Gold Leaf, Dentist's 

Gold Foil, &c., 146 
Howard Sunday School, the, 151 
Hale, W., Piano-Fortes, 180 
Hill, W. B., Actuary for Trust Com- 
pany, 184 
Hood, W. P., Iron Works, 190 
Home Gazette, Arthur's, 200 
Historical Society of Pennsylvania, 

201 
Hartley & Knight, Carpetings, 226 
Hinckley, C. T., Engraver, 230 
Hacker, W. P. & G. W., China, 

Glass, &c., 234 
Home and Foreign Record, the, 

243 
Home, the School, and the Church, 

the, 247 
Hey wood's Gentlemen's Furnishing 

Store, 248 
Hospital, Pennsylvania, 250 
for the Blind, Wills', 262 
for the Insane, Pennsylvania, 

253 
City, 265 

Christ Church, 266 
St. Joseph's, 266 
Humane Society, for the Recovery 

of Drowned Persons, 277 
Hebrew Synagogues, 322 
Hand, Joseph T. K., Jeweller, 330 
Hughes & Torbet, Printers, 340 
Harris, Richard, Music Printer, 342 
Harper & M'Lean, Watch Cases, 

342 



58 



446 



INDEX. 



Hupfeld, C. F., Musical Instru- 
ments, 344 
Hollis, Michael, Sculptor, 344 
Hatch, John Davis, Architect, 362 
Hopkinson, Francis, Attorney, 366 
Hedges, Joseph H., Conveyancer, 

370 
Horstmann & Sons, William H., Mi- 
litary Goods, &c. , 376 
Hart, Ware & Co., Cottage Furni- 
ture Establishment, 378 
Hat Company, New, 390 
Hazleton Coal Company, 410 
Harrisburg, Portsmouth, Mount Joy, 
and Lancaster Railroad Company, 
410 
Hotels, 417 
Hotel, United States, 417 

Jones's, 417 
House, Columbia, 417 

Washington, 417 

Girard, 419 
Hotel, Merchants', 419 
House, Franklin, 421 
Hotel, American, 421 
Hall, Congress, 421 
Hotel, Eagle, 421 

City, 421 

Red Lion, 421 
House, Mansion, 421 

Madison, 421 

Mount Vernon, 421 
Hotel, White Swan, 421 

Bloodgood's, 421 

Jones's, on the European plan, 
421 

Bull's Head, 421 



Independence Hall, or State House, 
23 
Square, 83 
Independent Line of Steamers be- 
tween Philadelphia and New 
York, 140 
Item, Fitzgerald's City, 150 
Industry, House of, 270 
Independent Methodist Church, 317 
Order of Odd Fellows, 328 
Order of Good Fellows, 329 
Improved Order of Red Men, 329 
Insurance Companies, 404 
Insurance Company, Fire and Ma- 
rine, 404 



Insurance Company, North Ameri- 
can, 404 

of the State of Pennsylvania, 
404 

Delaware Mutual Safety, 404 

Columbia, 404 

Marine, 404 

Union Mutual, 404 

Phoenix Mutual, 404 

American Mutual, 404 
Internal Improvements, 405 
Insurance Company, Washington 
Mutual Fire, 406 

American Fire, 406 

Pennsylvania Fire, 406 

Franklin Fire, 406 

County Fire, 406 

Philadelphia Contributionship 
Fire, 406 

on Lives and Granting Annui- 
ties, Pennsylvania, 406 

Annuity and Trust Company, 
the Girard, 406 

Penn Mutual Life, 406 

Equitable Mutual Life, 406 

Trust, and Annuity Company, 
United States Life, 406 

Hartford Life and Health, 408 

Philadelphia Life, 408 

and Trust Company, Globe, 408 

Spring Garden Mutual, 406 

Reliance Mutual, 406 

Philadelphia Fire, 406 

Lives and Annuities, 406 

Jenkins & Co.'s Tea Warehouse, 

68 
Jones's Exchange Hotel, 68 
Jones, W. F., Portrait Painter, 80 
Jordan & Brothers, Grocers, 82 
Jones, R. & Co., Coal Merchants, 

90 
Journal of the Franklin Institute, 

241 
Johnson, L. & Co., Type Foundry, 

246 
Johnson, Thomas, Survivor of Cap- 
tain Paul Jones's Crew, 257 
Jones, E. S. & Co., Booksellers, 

344 
Johnson & Conway, Saws and 

Tools, 348 
Jeanneret, Edward, Watch Cases, 

362 



INDEX. 



447 



Kern, George VV., Turner in Ivory, 

38 
Klein, John, & Co., Dental Depot, 64 
Kohler, J., Bookbinder, 64 
Kern, Teacher of Drawing and Paint- 
ing, 64 
Kelly & Brothers, Tailors, 68 
Kutts, John, Architect, 104 
Kensington Bank, the, 105 

Institute, the, 227 
Kent, Santee & Co., Dry Goods, 240 
Klemm & Brothers, Musical Instru- 
ments 242 
Kensil, R. W., Venetian Blinds, 346 
Kent, Santee & Co., 356 
Kane, Robert P., Attorney, 366 
King &L Baird, Book and Job Prin- 
ters, 380 
Kinsley & Co.'s Express, 390 

Location and General Description of 

the City, 16 
Lindsay & Blakiston, Publishers, 24 
Lafore, A., Hair-dresser, Wig- 
maker, &c,, 42 
Logan Square, 89 
Liverpool and London Insurance 

Company. 88 
Linnard &i, Weber, Piano-Fortes, 128 
Linn, Smith & Co., Druggists, 136 
Lovering's Steam Sugar Refinery, 

138 
Lindsay, R., & Co., Booksellers, 148 
Lord, George W., Auctioneer, 164 
Lee & Walker's Music Store," 390 
Literary and Scientific Institutions, 

187 _ 
Loganian Library, 197 
Library, Philadelphia, 193 
Law, 215 

German Society's, 219 
of the Pennsylvania Hospital, 

219 
of the University of Pennsylva- 
nia, 219 
of the HistoricalSociety of Penn- 
sylvania, 201 
Friends', 221 
Apprentices', 221 
Southwark, 225 
Northern Liberties Franklin, 

225 
Jefferson, 225 
Lambdin, J. R., Portrait Painter, 230 



Laurel Hill Cemetery, 331 

Lee, Robert M., Recorder of the 

City, 344 
Louderback & Hoffman, Engravers, 

346 
Latimer, Benjamin A., Conveyan- 
cer, 370 
Lindop, Dr. W., Medical Agency, 

370 
Lazaretto, 377 

Officers, &c., at the, 377 
United States Inspection Sta- 
tion at the, 379 
Loxley Hall, 425 

Manufactures, 20 

Mayor's Office, 31 

Moyer, E. P., Saddle and Trunk 

Warehouse, 34 
Magarge, C, & E. R. Cope, Paper 

Warehouse, 34 
Megargee & Co., Commission Paper 

Warehouse, 34 
Markets, 4] 

Madeira, Pugh, Surgical Instru- 
ments, 41 
Market, High Street, 41 

South Second Street, 43 

North Second Street, 43 

Callowhill Street, 43 

Shippen Street, 43 

Maiden Street, 43 

Spring Garden, 43 

Girard Street, 43 

Moyamensing, 43 

Franklin, 43 

Eleventh Street, 43 
Martien, VV. S., Publisher, 50 
Moore, C, Stationery and Fancy 

Store, 52 
M'Clure, Wm. M., & Brother, 

Hardware, 70 
Melloy & Ford, Tin Workers, 72 
Matheys, R. E., Baths, 76 
Museum Building, Philadelphia, 79 
Masonic Hall, Chestnut Street, 79 
M'Ciees & Germon, Daguerreotyp- 

ists, 80 
Musical Fund Hall, 81 
Mitchell, J. E., Burr Blocks, &c.,90 
Merchants' Exchange, 91 
Miles & Son, Boots and Shoes, 94 
M'Donough, T. P., Machinist, 96 
Mechanics' Bank, 97 



448 



INDEX. 



Morse's Magnetic Telegraph Line, 
122 

Meyer, Conrad, Pianos, 132 

Moss, E. L., Broker, 134 

Miller, C, Piano- Fortes, 146 

Morris, Tasker & Morris, Pascal 
Iron Works, 154 

Medical Institute of Philadelphia, 
166, 167 

M'Clees & Germon's Daguerreo- 
type Gallery, 166 

M'Makin's Model American Cou- 
rier, 196 

Mercantile Library, 211 

Mason's Challenge Blacking, 218 

M'Curdy, J. W., «fe Son, Boots, 
Shoes, &c., 220 

M' AUister & Co., Microscopes, &c., 
222 

Maurice, Wm. H., Paper, Station- 
ery, &c., 232 

Magazine, Godey's, 241 
Graham's, 241 
Sartain's, 241 
Peterson's, 241 
Presbyterian, 243 
Odd Fellows', 243 

Mother's Journal. The, 243 

Medical News, The, 243 

Miscellaneous Associations, 327 

Masonic Lodges, 327 
Halls, 327 

McArthur, John, Architect, 330 

Monroe, G. W. P., Paper Merchant, 
336 

Megargee, Theo., Paper Ware- 
house, 336 

Mumford & Brother, Electrotypers. 
342 

Mattson, Thomas W., Trunk Ware- 
house, 346 

Martin, Oliver, Variety Store, 348 

Maples, Joseph, Sculptor, 350 

Marple, Ellis & McClure, Fancy 
Dry Goods, 356 

More &L Gallagher, Iron Founders, 
360 

Manderson, Andrew M., Attorney, 
362 

Morris & Co., T. P., Iron Founders, 
364 

Mitchell, John C, Attorney, 366 

Mitchell, B. A., Attorney, 366 

Mitchell, J. C, Conveyancer, 370 



Moses Thomas & Sons, Auction- 
eers, 384 

Moran & Sickels, Fancy Job Print- 
ers, 390 

Mayor and Officers of the City, 392 

Mine Hill and Schuylkill Haven 
Railroad Company, 410 

Mill Creek and Pine Hill Navigation 
and Railroad Company, 410 

Nisi Prius Court, 31 

New Jersey Market, 43 

Navy Yard, 61 

Nolen's Looking-Glass Warehouse, 
70 

Norris's Square, 87 

Newell, Robert, Picture Frame 
Maker, 96 

North American and United States 
Gazette, 204 

Northern Liberties Gas Works, 61 

Neagle, John, Portrait Painter, 230 

Newspapers, 239 

Daily Morning, 239 
Daily Evening, 239 
Weekly, Secular, 239 
Weekly, Religious, 241 
Sunday, 239 

Northern Liberties Association for 
the Relief of Poor Women, 277 

Neill, William, Tailor, 336 

Neal's, Joseph C, Tomb at Laurel 
Hill, 337 

Newell & Son, Wm., Grocers, 352 

Newbold, William L., Real Estate 
Agent, 362 

Newbold, John L., Attorney at 
Law, 390 

North Branch Iron and Coal Com- 
pany, 410 

Northwest Mining Company of Mi- 
chigan, 410 

Norristown and Germantown Rail- 
road, 411 

Northern Liberties and Spring Gar- 
den, or Willow Street Railroad, 
413 

Original Plan of the City, 17 
Old State House Bell, The, 29 
Old Congress Hall, The, 31 
Old Academy, The, 115 
O'Brien's, J. G., Business Directory, 
116 



INDEX. 



449 



Orphans' Society of Philadelphia, 

272 
Odd Fellows, Independent Order of, 
328 
Halls, 328 
Old Mortality, his Pony, and Sir 

Walter Scott, 335 
Oliver, Joseph M., Confectioner, 330 
O'Keefe, Arthur, Sculptor, 342 
Officers of the City and Districts of 

Philadelphia, list of the, 392 
Ontonagon Mining Company of 

Michigan, 410 
Old London Coflee House, The, 425 

Population of Philadelphia, 18 

Public Buildings, 23 

Philadelphia and Liverpool Packets, 
H. & A. Cope's, 26 

Philadelphia Insurance Company, 
28 

Prothonotary of the Supreme Court, 
31 

Price, Isaac C, Conveyancer, 38 

Philadelphia Surgeons' Bandage In- 
stitute, 46 

Patton, William H., Wall Paper, 58 

Philadelphia Academy of Music, 66 

Philadelphia Post-Office, 67 

Places of Amusement, 73 

Pennsylvania Fire Insurance Com- 
pany, 84 

Penn Square, 87 

Penn Mutual Life Insurance Com- 
pany, 108 
Building, 109 

Philadelphia and New York Steam 
Transportation Company, 114 

Peters & Co., Cooking Ranges, 120 

Philadelphia and Boston Steam 
Packets, 126 

Powers & Weightman, Chemists, 
130 

Public Schools, 131 

Philadelphia and New York Inde- 
pendent Line of Steamers, 140 

Philadelphia Society for the support 
of Charity Schools, 141 

Presbyterian Institute, 153 

Pascal Iron Works, 154 

Pawson & Nicholson, Bookbinders, 
160 

Palmer, B. Frank, Artificial Legs, 
160 



Pennsylvania College, Medical De- 
partment of the, 169 
Philadelphia Association for Medical 
Instruction, 170 
College of Medicine, 173 
College of Pharmacy, 183 
Library Company, 193 
Pennsylvanian, The Daily, 204 
Pennsylvania Inquirer, The, 206 
Peter G. Bowers, Bonnets, 212 
Press, The, 235 
Protestant Quarterly Review, The, 

243 
Philbin, J., Plumber, 248 
Preston Retreat, 268 
Provident Society, 277 
Patrick, St., Society of, 277 
Penn's Treaty with the Indians at 

Kensington, 279 
Presbyterian Board of Publication, 
299 
Board of Education, 300 
Board of Domestic Missions, 300 
Board of Foreign Missions, 300 
Church, Library of the, 300 
Pupils of Temperance, 329 
Palmer, V. B., Advertising Agent, 

330 
Pugh, J. H., Bell Hanger, 344 
Pearson & Sallada, Whips, Canes, 

&c., 344 
Partenheimer, John, Wadding and 

Cotton Lap, 348 
Palmer, V. B., Subscription Agency, 

356 
Penn Branch Benefit Association, 

358 
Port Richmond Iron Foundry, 364, 

365 
Pennington, HylandR., Attorney, 366 
Police Department, 267 
Day, 367 

Night or Watch, 367 
Stations, 367 
Consolidated, 369 
Consolidated Stations, 373 
Penitentiary, State, for the Eastern 

District of Pennsylvania, 379 
Poor, Guardians of the, 394 

Visiters of the, 394 
Pennsylvania Hospital, Officers and 
Managers of the, 396 
for the Insane, Officers and Ma- 
nagers of the, 396 



450 



INDEX. 



Pennsylvania Company for Insur- 
ance on Lives and Granting An- 
nuities, 406 
Penn Mutual Life Insurance Com- 
pany, 406 
Philadelphia and Reading Railroad 
Company, 408 
Wilmington, and Baltimore 

Railroad Company, 408 
and Trenton Railroad Com- 
pany, 408 
Germantown and Norristown 
Railroad Company, 408 
Pennsylvania, or Great Central 

Railroad Company, 409 
Philadelphia and Havre de Grace 
Steam Towboat Company, 410 
and Lancaster Turnpike Road 

Company, 410 
and Trenton Railroad, 411 
Wilmington, and Baltimore 
Railroad, 411 
Penn Cottage, The, 422 

Quintin, A., Upholsterer, 238 
Quarterlies, 243 

Rogers, C. B., Agricultural Ware- 
house, 68 

Roberts, David, Dentist, 72 

Rimby & Lawrence, Paper Ware- 
house, 74 

Rowley, Ashburner & Co., Com- 
mission Merchants, 94 

Reed, Brothers & Co., United States 
Clothing Depot, 98 

Refuge, House of, 141 

Reed, Jacob, Clothing Warehouse, 
142 

Romig, Lay & Co., Ink Works, 152 

Ryan, John W., Camphine, 164 

Root, Marcus H., Daguerreotypist, 
212 

Religious Newspapers, 241 

Richards, Daguerreotypist, 242 

Rosenthal, L. N., Lithographer, 
242 

Ranking's Half- Yearly Abstract of 
the Medical Sciences, 245 

Religious Institutions, 326 

Rease, William H., Lithographer, 
330 

Rogers, William E., Artists' Colours, 
330 



Rorer & Sons, Surgical Instruments, 
336 

Reader's Writing Academy, 336 

Rink, Joseph, Toy Store, 336 

Richards & Brother, Glass Ware- 
house, 358 

Rau, Edward H., Bookbinder, 362 

Robertson, William, Guns and Fish- 
ing Tackle, 362 

Receveur, P. N., Opera-Glasses, 
Engine Turner, &c., 362 

Raybold, Joshua M., Marble Paper, 
362 

Recorder of the City of Philadelphia, 
392 

Register and Secretary of the Water- 
ing Committee, 392 

Railroad, Coal and Canal Compa- 
nies, 408 

Relics of the Past, 421 

State House, The, 23 

Safford & Cookman, Curtains and 
Curtain Materials, 30 

Struthers, J., & Son, Marble Yard, 
40 

Stauffer & Harley, Watchmakers, 
44 

Schuylkill, Steamboat Excursions, 
46 

Smith, J. M., Steam Flour Mill, 48 

Smith, R. & R, S., Carvers, 50 

Sprenger & Mills, Tailors, 70 

Sellers, J. & D., & Co., Wire Work- 
ers, 72 

Swaim's Buildings, 77 

Sansom Street Hall, 77 

Spring Garden Hall, 79 

Sinkler, Henry, Engraver, 80 

Squares, Public, 83 

Sowers & Barnes, Publishers, 90 

Smith, Pemberton & Co., Chemists, 
104 

Steiner, J. & J. P., & Co., Fancy 
Dry Goods, 116 

Swaim's Panacea, 122 

Slote & Mooney, Stereotype Foun- 
ders, 128 

Schools, Public, 130 

Shippen, Edward, Attorney, 132 

Spittall, J., Engraver, 132 

Simon, John H., Bookseller, 132 

School, Central High, 133, 139 
Locust Street Public, 139 



INDEX. 



451 



School, Zane Street Public, 139 
Lombard Street Public, 139 
Northeastern Public, 139 
Northwestern Public, 139 
Southeastern Public, 139 
Southwestern Public, 139 
Madison Public, 139 
Jefferson Public, 139 
Mount Vernon Public, 139 
Weccacoe Public, 139 
Monroe Public, 139 
Hancock Public, 139 
Livingston Public, 139 
West Philadelphia Public, 139 
Ringgold Public, 139 
Morris Public, 141 
Harrison Public, 141 
Seminary of St. Charles Borromeo, 

Theological, 147 
Society for the Institution and Sup- 
port of Sunday Schools, 149 
School, Robert Raikes Sunday, 151 

The Howard Sunday, 151 
Schools, Episcopal Church Parish, 
153 
Roman Catholic Parish, 153 
School for Coloured Children, Free, 

153 
Sturges, George, Spring Mat- 
trasses, 156 
School, The Aimwell, 153 
Stratton's Hat & Cap Store, 160 
Sinclair, Thomas, Lithographic Es- 
tablishment, 174 
Schell, J. E. & B., Marble Works, 

184 
Stokes & Buzby, Clothing, 186 
Sherman's Printing Establishmeni . 

192 
Saturday Evening Post, The, 198 
Scherer, Louis, Piano-Forces, 216 
Scherr, E. N., Piano-Fortes, 226 
Schuler, Peter, Piano-Fortes, 220 
Sanson, Aaron J., Trunks, 224 
Spring Garden Institute, 225 
School of Design for Women, 227 
Sloan, Samuel, Architect, 230 
Samuel, David, «fc Son, Furs, &c., 

238 
Shriver &, M'Lean, 238 
Sunday Newspapers, 241 
Spring Garden Tube Works, Grif- 
fiths', 248 
Soup Societies, 277 



Society for Alleviating the Miseries 
of Prisons, 277 
Colonization, 277 
St. George's, 277 
St. Andrew's, 277 
St. David's, 277 
St. Patrick's, 277 
Abolition, 377 
Synagogues, Hebrew, 322 
Shew, Myron, Daguerreotypist, 334 
Sheridan, James, Tailor, 336 
Short, John, Grave of, 345 
Swain, J. W., Umbrellas and Para- 
sols, 348 
Simons & Brother, Dealers in Oil, 

352 
Stone, A., Hemp Hose, and Lamp- 
wick, 356 
Shields & Miller, Hardware, 356 
Subers, Isaiah, Iron Railings, 388 
Spering, Joshua, Attorney, 366 
Saurman & Co.'s Steam Pattern 

and Model Works, 368 
Select Council, The, 369 
Spering, J., Conveyancer, 390 
Solicitor, City and County, 394 
Schuylkill Navigation Company. 
408 
Valley Navigation and Rail- 
road Company, 408 
Navigation, Railroad and Coal 
Company, Little, 408 
Siskowit Mining Company of Michi- 
gan, 410 
Southwark Railroad, The, 411 
Steamboats, 413 
Slate-Roof House, 423 

Tide-waiters, 35 
Toy, Nicholas, Jr., Carver, GG 
Theatre, Walnut Street, 75 
Chestnut Street, 73 
Arch Street, 75 
Welch's National, 79 
Taylor, A. R., Teacher of Music, 

104 
Telfer, R., Engraver, 134 
Tracy, C. & B., Watch Cases and 

Dials, 144 
Tennent, Henry, Sheet-Iron Work- 
er, 164 
Trust Company, 184 
Transactionsoi the College of Phy- 
sicians. 245 



452 



INDEX. 



Transactions of the Academy of 
Natural Sciences, 247 
American Philosophical Socie- 
ty, 247 
Temporary Home Asylum, The, 277 
Treaty, Penn's, 279 
Temperance Societies, 329 
Tioga Railroad Company, 410 
Turnpike Roads, 417 
Taylor, G. W. & Lewis B., Boots 

and Shoes, 352 
Treasurer of the City of Philadel- 
phia, 392 

Umbrella Manufactory, Wright and 

Brother, 32 
United States Appraisers' Office, 35 
Inspectors of Customs, 35 
Dry Dock, 61 
Mint, 65 
Union Mutual Insurance Company, 

88 
Union Steamship Company, 102 
United States Life Insurance Annu- 
ity and Trust Company, 112 
University of Pennsylvania, 115 

Medical Department of the, 159 
Union Hotel, 170 

United Order of American Mecha- 
nics, 329 
United States Life Insurance, Annu- 
ity and Trust Company, 406 
Union Canal Company, 408 

Vollmer & Co., Cabinet-Makers, 52 
Vogt, George, Piano-Fortes, 94 
Van-Gunden & Finney, Marble 

Works, 96. 
Vandyke Building, HI 
Virginia Hotel, 116 
Van Loan's Daguerrean Gallery, 224 
Vansant, A. L., Confectioner, 330 
Vaux, Richard, Attorney, 366 

Witherspoon, John, 25 
Wholesale Provision Trade, 45 
Wattis and Haselvvood, Writing 

desks, &c., 44 
WyckofF, P., Attorney, 44 
Warner & Helm, Gold Watch- 

Case makers, 44 
Water- Works, Fairmount, 45 
Wray, William A., Marble Mason, 

50 



Water- Works, Spring Garden and 

Northern Liberties, 51 
Wood, Robert, Ornamental Iron 

Works, 76 
-Weaver, George T., & Co., Cordage 

Factory, 78 
Washington Square, 85 
Webb, Charles, Grocer, 86 
Wiltberger, Alfred, Druggist, 90 
Western Saving Fund Society, 104 

Saving Fund Association, 107 
Warburton, Wm. F., Hatter, 116 
Wilson's Mercantile Institute, 118 
Wilhelm, Frederick, Fruit Store, 

102 
Weaver & Volkmar, Hot Air Fur- 
naces, 124 
Wiatt's Bookbindery, 130 
Wadleigh, Albra, Insurance Agent, 

138 
Williams, B. E., Window Blinds, 

184 
Walker, U., & Sons, Patent Wire, 

&c., 214 
Weekly Newspapers, 239 
Winchester & Scott, Furnishing 

Store, 248 
Watson's Annals, 279 
Wilson's, Alexander, Grave, 282 
Wharton Street Church, 317 
Williams, Isaac S.,Tin Ware, 330 
Walker & Sons, M., Iron Railings, 

334 
Wood, Robert, Ornamental Iron 

Works, 338 
Whelan & Co., Boots and Shoes, 

340 
Wiltbank, S. P., Importer, 340 
Williams, Charles, Dry Goods, 340 
Worrels & Co., Dry Goods, 340 
Winch, A., Periodical Agent, 346 
Waugh, S. B., Portrait Painter, 348 
Wilstach, Wm. P., Saddlery Hard- 
ware, 362 
Wilson, Alexander, Attorney, 366 
Watch, The City, 367 
West Chester Railroad, 411 

Young's Ornamental Printing Of- 
fice, 46 

Yeager, Henry S., Looking-Glass 
Depot, 72 

Young, John L., Hats & Caps, 132 

Yerger & Ord, Artificial Legs, 210 



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